Gold nanocages coated with polyoxazoline: A NIR-triggered strategy for dual antibacterial and osteogenic enhancement.

Orthopedic-associated infections remain a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery, often leading to bacterial infections and impaired bone healing. Addressing these complications requires innovative strategies that simultaneously combat infections and enhance bone regeneration. In this study, we developed gold nanocages coated with polyoxazoline (AuNCs@PEtOx) via surface carboxylation, designed for dual-functional antibacterial and osteogenic applications under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation.

Transcriptomic dynamics and immune-associated SNP discovery in Monopterus albus infected with Chinese rice-field eel rhabdovirus.

Viral infections represent a significant challenge to the health and productivity of Chinese rice-field eel (Monopterus albus) aquaculture. In this study, a 108-h preliminary experiment identified the critical immune response window between 24 and 48 h post-infection (hpi) with Chinese rice-field eel rhabdovirus (CrERV). Based on this, kidney and spleen tissues were sampled at 24 and 48 hpi for histopathological analysis using hematoxylin and eosin staining.

Hepatoprotective effect of Paederia foetida on paracetamol-induced hepatobiliary disease in rats via alteration of inflammatory and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Purpose: To scrutinize the hepatoprotective effect of Paederia foetida against paracetamol-induced hepatobiliary in rats.

Methods: Rats were received the oral administration of paracetamol (3 mg/kg) empty stomach for the induction of hepatobiliary in rats except normal rats. the rats were received the oral administration of P.

In situ molecular weaving of ionic polymers into metal-organic frameworks for radioactive anion capture.

Encapsulation of polymer chains into nanochannels of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to construct polymer-MOF hybrid materials can retain the desired properties of two disparate materials. However, the facile fabrication of such hybrids remains challenging, given the difficulty in unraveling entanglement of polymer chains and constraining them into ordered conformations. Herein, we introduce an in situ molecular weaving strategy to construct ionic polymer-MOF hybrid materials, employing shear forces and coordination interactions to untangle cationic polymer chains and guide their realignment within MOF nanochannels during framework formation.

Risk prediction models for mortality in patients with severe pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The number of risk prediction models for mortality in patients with severe pneumonia (SP) is increasing, while the quality and clinical applicability of these models remain unclear. This study aimed to systematically review published research on risk prediction models for mortality in patients with SP.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to August 31, 2024.

The effectiveness of physical activity in asthma management: An overview of systematic reviews.

Background: Physical activity (PA) has become a promising complementary non-pharmacological intervention to improve exercise capacity, cardiopulmonary fitness, and quality of life in individuals with asthma. This overview systematically consolidates existing evidence to assess the clinical viability of physical activity as a scalable supplementary therapy for asthma management.

Methods: We searched 12 electronic databases to identify systematic reviews (SRs) from inception until February 12, 2025, concerning the efficacy of physical activity in asthma management.

Advances in Smartphone-Based Colorimetry and Fluorimetry.

With the continuous improvement of hardware, particularly in camera and processor technology, smartphones have gradually become a convenient and efficient tool for analytical science. Compared to traditional spectrophotometers, smartphones provide an ideal solution for field inspections in resource-limited settings, offering advantages such as compact size, low cost, portability, and ease of use, all of which enable real-time detection without the need for laboratory equipment. However, several technical challenges persist, including low sensitivity, accuracy, variability in experimental conditions, and the selection of appropriate color models.

Gap-Enhanced Catalysis in Gold Nanostructures by Electric Field and Curvature Effects.

The catalytic performance of plasmonic nanostructures is strongly influenced by surface morphology. While the antenna effect in tip regions has received considerable attention, the role of gap morphology has been largely overlooked. Comprehending morphology-regulated catalysis at the subparticle level remains constrained by morphology heterogeneity and imaging resolution limitations, hindering rational nanocatalyst design.

Structural insights into transcription regulation of the global OmpR/PhoB family regulator PhoP from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

As a global transcription activator or repressor, the representative OmpR/PhoB family response regulator PhoP plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial pathogenicity and stress adaptation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation that define its differential functions remain largely unclear. In the present study, we determine three cryo-EM structures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) PhoP-dependent transcription activation complexes (PhoP-TACs) and build one preliminary cryo-EM structure model of Mtb PhoP-dependent transcription repression complex (PhoP-TRC).

Health-related quality of life and health state utility value in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with high mortality, heavy economic burden, limited treatment options and poor prognosis, and seriously affects the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and life expectancy of patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis of HRQoL and health state utility value (HSUV) in IPF patients and the instruments used in this assessment aimed to provide information sources and data support for the future research on IPF HRQoL and HSUV.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases for studies reporting the HRQoL or HSUV of IPF patients, with the retrieval time from the establishment of each database to April 2024.

Tellurium nanoparticles and Fucoidan-loaded dissolvable microneedles for combined photothermal therapy and anti-angiogenesis in melanoma treatment.

Melanoma, an aggressive skin tumor, is prone to metastasis, significantly reducing patient survival rates once it occurs. Tumor microvascularity is a key factor in metastasis, making the inhibition of microvascular formation crucial. Emerging photothermal therapy (PTT) and microneedles (MNs) have garnered attention due to their non-invasive and controllable nature.

Synergistic NIR and ultrasound-responsive tellurium nanorods for enhanced antibacterial and osteogenic activity.

Bacterial infections and deficient osteogenic activity are the primary factors contributing to the failure of orthopedic implants. In recent years, light- and sound-based external stimulus-responsive therapies have emerged as highly effective in killing drug-resistant bacteria. In this study, we successfully synthesized tellurium nanorods coated with bovine serum albumin (Te@BSA).

Sulforaphane nanoparticles coated with zein-propylene glycol alginate attenuate N-diethylnitrosamine-induced liver injury in mice.

Sulforaphane-loaded nanoparticles (NP-SF) were prepared in this study to improve their biological effects. Based on propylene glycol alginate and zein as wall materials and anthocyanin and CaCl as crosslinking agents, the NPs were encapsulated by the crosslinking method and freeze-dried. With the increasing contents of anthocyanin and Ca, the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of NP-SF were both increased.

Investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of icariin: A combined meta-analysis and machine learning study.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to define the superiority of icariin and its derivatives' anti-inflammatory activities and to create a reference framework for evaluating preclinical evidence. This method combines machine learning and meta-analysis to identify underlying biological pathways.

Methods: Data came from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library.

Bioinspired Surface Ligand Engineering Regulates Electron Transfers in Gold Clusterzymes to Enhance the Catalytic Activity for Improving Sensing Performance.

Metal nanoclusters feature a hierarchical structure, facilitating their ability to mimic enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, the lack of true catalytic centers, compounded by tightly bound surface ligands hindering electron transfers to substrates, underscores the need for universal rational design methodologies to emulate the structure and mechanisms of natural enzymes. Motivated by the electron transfer in active centers with specific chemical structures, by integrating the peroxidase cofactor Fe-TCPP onto the surface of glutathione-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuSG), we engineered AuSG-Fe-TCPP clusterzymes with a remarkable 39.

Suppressed Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Haeckelite Compounds for High-Performance Thermoelectric Applications.

Traditional semiconductors are known to exhibit excellent electrical properties but oversized lattice thermal conductivities, thus limiting their thermoelectric performance. Herein, we have discovered a low-energy allotrope of those traditional semiconductors. Compared with the wurtzite structure, the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced by more than five times in the haeckelite structure.

Structural and functional insights into transcription activation of the essential LysR-type transcriptional regulators.

The enormous LysR-type transcriptional regulators (LTTRs), which are diversely distributed amongst prokaryotes, play crucial roles in transcription regulation of genes involved in basic metabolic pathways, virulence and stress resistance. However, the precise transcription activation mechanism of these genes by LTTRs remains to be explored. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structure of a LTTR-dependent transcription activation complex comprising of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase (RNAP), an essential LTTR protein GcvA and its cognate promoter DNA.

External Stimuli-Responsive Strategies for Surface Modification of Orthopedic Implants: Killing Bacteria and Enhancing Osteogenesis.

Bacterial infection and insufficient osteogenic activity are the main causes of orthopedic implant failure. Conventional surface modification methods are difficult to meet the requirements for long-term implant placement. In order to better regulate the function of implant surfaces, especially to improve both the antibacterial and osteogenic activity, external stimuli-responsive (ESR) strategies have been employed for the surface modification of orthopedic implants.

Rotor-based image-guided therapy of glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM), deep in the brain, is more challenging to diagnose and treat than other tumors. Such challenges have blocked the development of high-impact therapeutic approaches that combine reliable diagnosis with targeted therapy. Herein, effective cyanine dyes (IRLy) with the near-infrared two region (NIR-II) adsorption and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have been developed via an "extended conjugation & molecular rotor" strategy for multimodal imaging and phototherapy of deep orthotopic GBM.