On-chip near-infrared gas sensing based on slow light mode multiplexing in photonic crystal waveguides.

Photonic crystal slow light waveguides present a breakthrough in the manipulation of optical signals and enhancing the interaction between light and matter. In particular, two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) on silicon photonic chips hold promise in improving the sensitivity of on-chip gas sensors. However, the development of the gas sensors based on 2D PCWs suffers from a high propagation loss and a narrow slow light bandwidth.

Exploring the impact of high rosuvastatin plasma exposure on new-onset diabetes mellitus: insights from machine learning-based prediction.

Background: The association between rosuvastatin (RST) and the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) is controversial. Although the link between RST and NODM is still debated, there is a lack of effective strategies to predict and prevent potential RST-induced NODM in clinical practice. This study aimed to determine the association between plasma exposure to RST and the risk of developing NODM in patients with cardiovascular disease and to establish predictive models for the early detection of RST-induced NODM.

Electrical excitation beat-aided light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy for high-robustness trace gas measurements.

Heterodyne-based light-induced thermoelastic spectroscopy (HLITES) is capable of correcting measurement errors by evaluating the parameters of the quartz tuning fork (QTF). However, the correcting performance of HLITES will deteriorate under low concentration levels or laser power due to the weakened QTF transient response. Therefore, we propose an electrical excitation beat-aided LITES (EEBA-LITES), which is realized by optical and electrical excitation to the QTF utilizing the time-division multiplexing technique.

Comparison of the Efficacy of Polyvinyl Alcohol Colorless Embolic Microspheres (8Spheres) and Gelatin Embolic Microspheres (Embosphere) in Uterine Artery Embolization for Symptomatic Uterine Fibroids in Women Without Fertility Requirements: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate the differences in efficacy between polyvinyl alcohol colorless embolic microspheres (8Spheres) and gelatin embolic microspheres (Embosphere) in uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids.

Methods: We included 259 patients from 12 hospitals who underwent uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids. We collected preoperative general conditions, menstrual status, and uterine and fibroid sizes as indicated by magnetic resonance imaging, as well as changes in ovarian hormone levels before and 6 months after the procedure.

A novel intronic variant in the ASAH1 gene enhances aberrant splicing, causing spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy.

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by ASAH1 gene variants. Although ASAH1 coding variants cause SMA-PME, the impact of noncoding variants, particularly noncanonical splice-site variants, is less clear.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the proband, and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the carrier status of the variants in the core family members.

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) based on Metasurface: Principles, biochemical sensing applications, and future perspective.

As a powerful analytical technique, surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) typically employs periodic nanostructured arrays to generate highly localized and intense electromagnetic near-field enhancements. Infrared vibrations of target sensing molecules located in these periodic nanostructured fields are enhanced by orders of magnitude enabling a spectroscopic characterization with unprecedented sensitivity. This remarkable enhancement effect enables SEIRA to overcome the inherent limitations of conventional infrared spectroscopy, particularly the small molecular absorption cross-sections.

Targeting Decidual Macrophage Polarization through JNK Signaling Pathway Inhibition Alleviates Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Early Spontaneous Abortion.

Early spontaneous abortion (ESA) is associated with abnormal decidual macrophage polarization at the maternal-fetal interface. While JNK signaling is recognized in implantation and immunomodulation, its contribution to decidual macrophage polarization in the ESA is poorly understood. The decidual tissues of ESA patients were collected to detect the polarization status and the expression of JNK1/2 and p-JNK in decidual macrophages (DMs) through flow cytometry assessment.

Assessment of the Real-Time Photoelectric Detection Device (TruScreen) in Screening for Cervical Precancerous Lesions in Middle-Aged Women: An Observational Study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a real-time photoelectric element (TruScreen) for identifying cervical precancerous lesions in middle-aged women.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected from 100 women aged 25-55 years who underwent colposcopy at Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between June and July 2018. We obtained the results of the ThinPrep cytologic test/HPV tests and TruScreen tests conducted before colposcopy as well as the histopathological results from postoperative multi-site biopsies.

Schottky Junction and D-A-A System Dual Regulation of Graphite-Phase Carbon Nitride for Piezo-Photocatalytic HO Production.

Graphitic carbon nitride had garnered significant attention in recent years for its potential to produce clean HO using solar energy. While current research primarily focused on pollutant degradation, the synthesis of HO remaind underexplored. This project sought to enhanced graphitic carbon nitride (g -CN) by incorporating benzene rings (Ph) and bismuth (Bi) single atoms to form an organic polymer (Ph-g-CN-Bi) with a D-A₁-A₂ structure.

Leaching-Induced Ti Trapping Stabilizes Amorphous IrO for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

Transition metal nitrides are promising conductive support materials in oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whereas it is unclear if their electrochemical oxidation during prolonged test would affect the OER catalysts. Herein, we demonstrate that the leaching-induced Ti trapping effect from TiN supports effectively stabilizes the electrochemically oxidized amorphous IrO catalyst. Structural characterizations reveal that the TiN support experiences severe leaching during OER test, leaving minor amounts of Ti-O species trapping on IrO clusters, which mitigate the overoxidation of Ir(III) species and elongate the Ir-O bonds.

Exploring the pathogenic and transmission characteristics of JN.1 in golden hamsters based on different attack methods.

Since its emergence at the end of 2023, the JN.1 variant of COVID-19 has become the dominant strain globally. Currently, its characteristics in related animal models remain largely unknown.

Characterization of a novel CUB domain containing protein with immune functions in Mytilus galloprovincialis.

CUB (Complement/Uegf/Bmp) domain is a structural motif present in many proteins with important functions in tissue development and immunity. CUB-domain-containing proteins (CDCPs) have been identified as immune-related molecules from bivalves. However, the knowledge about the role of CDCP in bivalves' immunity is still limited.

Stable Ni(II) sites in Prussian blue analogue for selective, ampere-level ethylene glycol electrooxidation.

The industrial implementation of coupled electrochemical hydrogen production systems necessitates high power density and high product selectivity for economic viability and safety. However, for organic nucleophiles (e.g.

Ultrasound diagnosis of parathyroid adenomas mimicking normal lymph nodes: microvascular clues.

Background: Ultrasound (US) is the preferred imaging modality for preoperative localization of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Parathyroid adenomas may be confused with normal lymph nodes on conventional US. This study aimed to explore the usefulness of microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) in differentiating parathyroid adenomas from normal lymph nodes and compare it with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).

Development and Field Deployment of a Compact Dual-Range Infrared Carbon Dioxide Sensor System.

A dual-range mid-infrared carbon dioxide (CO) sensor is developed with temperature and humidity compensation functionalities. Using the same optical path, the sensor employs dual-channel signal processing circuits to achieve measurements across two detection ranges of 200-3000 parts-per-million (ppm) (low concentration range) and 8-25% (high concentration range), respectively. The developed sensor, with a compact size of 8.

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression, and Protein Interaction of Family Genes During Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in .

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish mutualistic symbiosis with most land plants, facilitating mineral nutrient uptake in exchange for photosynthates. As one of the most commercially used rootstocks in citrus, heavily depends on AM fungi for nutrient absorption. The gene family plays essential roles in plant growth and development, signaling transduction, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.

Expert consensus on clinical genome sequencing interpretation and reporting.

Genome sequencing (GS) refers to a technology that comprehensively and systematically detects the DNA sequences of an individual's nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. It aims to identify genetic variants and investigate their roles in human health and disease progression. As an emerging diagnostic tool, GS offers significant support for clinical diagnosis due to its high throughput, accuracy, and comprehensiveness.

Different molecular responses of Mytilus mantle to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan challenges.

Mytilus live in water as sessile filter feeders, and the mantle tissue plays an important role in their immune defense. However, the overall knowledge of the immunity of this tissue remains limited. Peptidoglycan (PGN) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are the most representative microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that play roles in the immune stimulation of host cells.

On-chip near-infrared multi-gas sensing using chalcogenide anti-resonant hollow-core waveguides.

On-chip infrared spectroscopic gas sensing using a hollow-core anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) with a large external confinement factor (ECF) was rarely reported due to the complex fabrication process and polarization dependence. Alternatively, we proposed ARROW gas sensors using chalcogenide (ChG) anti-resonant layers which require thermal evaporation and epoxy resin bonding for fabrication instead of the complicated wafer bonding process. Polarization characteristics and ethylene (CH) sensing performance at 1.

Diversity of microbial communities in cigar filler leaves with different initial water contents analyzed based on high-throughput sequencing technology.

Introduction: To study the composition and succession of bacterial and fungal communities during the fermentation of cigar filler leaves with varying initial water contents, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the bacterial 16SrRNA genes and fungal ITS1 genes from cigar tobacco leaf samples. This was followed by analyses of microbial -diversity, microbial community structure, and bacterial function prediction based on the sequencing data.

Results: The diversity and richness of microbial communities decreased over time during fermentation under different water content conditions.

Near-Infrared Mobile Cloud OA-ICOS Sensor System for Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Monitoring.

Based on near-infrared off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS), a portable carbon dioxide (CO) sensor system capable of atmosphere monitoring is proposed by targeting the CO absorption lines at 2.004 μm. To address the comprehensive issues of complex light-adjustment structures, poor sealing, and slow gas replacement, an effective optimization scheme is introduced, combining fluid dynamics to produce a stable optical resonant cavity with an optical path length of 891 m and a physical length of 30 cm.

Corrigendum: D-dencichine regulates thrombopoiesis by promoting megakaryocyte adhesion, migration and proplatelet formation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.

Molecular responses of Mytilus coruscus hemocytes to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan as revealed by 4D-DIA based quantitative proteomics analysis.

Mytilus are sessile filter feeders that live in close contact with numerous marine microorganisms. Hemocytes, the immunocompetent cells of Mytilus, participate in the immune response in a very efficient manner. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and peptidoglycan (PGN) follow specific microbe/pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs) and are involved in immune stimulation in host cells.

Diagnostic value of greyscale ultrasound combined with superb microvascular imaging in thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) is an advanced form of Doppler flow imaging which has advantages in tiny vessels and low-speed flow. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of combining greyscale ultrasound (US) with SMI in differentiating between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant studies published till 25 October 2023 that investigated the combined use of greyscale US and SMI to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodules.