Brucella-infected macrophage-derived Exosomes enhance the anti-Brucella acquired immune response.

In recent years, the roles of Exosomes in tumors and infectious diseases have been found to have potential application value in disease diagnosis and treatment. However, whether Exosomes are involved in host-acquired immune responses against Brucella has not been reported. This study explored the significance of Exosomes in the context of Brucella infection and their influence on host immune responses.

N-(3-Oxododecanoyl)-Homoserine Lactone Induces Intestinal Barrier Damage in Piglets via the Lipid Raft-Mediated Apoptosis Pathway.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a process by which bacteria sense their population density and regulate behavior accordingly. QS not only regulates bacterial virulence but also directly influences host cells. Previous studies have shown that QS is strongly associated with piglet intestinal health, but the mechanism is not yet clear.

Development and application of a risk assessment tool for preventing the introduction and transmission of Salmonella in poultry farms: Based on the Delphi-analytic hierarchy process.

A semiquantitative risk assessment method based on the Delphi-analytic hierarchy process (AHP) can serve as a proactive tool for the prevention and control of Salmonella infections in poultry farms. This method can facilitate early warning to minimize the risk of transmission of Salmonella to chicken meat and eggs. In this study, an expert panel comprising 22 members was established.

A novel IgG-Fc-Fused multiepitope vaccine against Brucella: robust immunogenicity.

Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases caused by Brucella spp. However, there is currently no Brucella vaccine available for humans. Although some attenuated live vaccines have been approved for animals, their protective efficacy is suboptimal.

Rice-derived SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein S1 subunit vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immune responses.

Since 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing COVID-19, has been spreading and mutating globally despite the expedited approval of many commercial vaccines. Therefore, developing safe, effective and affordable vaccines remains essential to meet the global demand, particularly in developing countries. Transgenic plants have emerged as a promising platform to express recombinant proteins for pharmaceutical and vaccine applications.

Enhanced Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses Elicited by Flagellin-Adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Vaccine.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, has been spreading and changing globally. Adjuvant-based vaccines can improve vaccine protection by enhancing the immune response. Bacterial flagellin is a potent adjuvant and promotes protective immune responses.

The efflux pump SugE2 involved in protection of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- against quaternary ammonium salts and inhibition of virulence.

Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:-, a monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium, has emerged as a common nontyphoidal Salmonella serotype to cause human foodborne disease, exhibiting antibiotic and multidrug resistance. In this study, we identified the isolates of S. 4,[5],12:i:- resistant to quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) disinfectants, displaying elevated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values (200 μg/mL) in Mueller-Hinton (MH) broth.

Probiotic Potential of GL3 Strain Isolated from Honeybee ( L.) Larvae: Insights into Its Antimicrobial Activity Against .

This study aimed to address the need for effective probiotics and antibacterial agents to combat American foulbrood disease in honeybees, caused by . In the context of declining honeybee populations due to pathogens, we isolated eight lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains from honeybee larvae ( L.) and evaluated their probiotic potential and inhibitory effects against .

Gallic acid enhances honeybee larvae resistance to Paenibacillus larvae infections: Insights from molecular docking, bacterial community modulation, and whole-genome sequencing.

American foulbrood (AFB) disease, caused by the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, is a devastating disease affecting honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) populations worldwide. Commonly treated with antibiotics, which have negative impacts on both honeybees and the environment, there is an urgent need for alternatives in AFB control.

Evaluation of the safety and immune protection of OMPAC, PAPF, and EBPSs recombinant subunit vaccines Developed for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae in mice.

Bacterial mastitis in dairy cow is often caused by a combination of bacterial infections, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Currently, there is no effective vaccine against the disease. Therefore, we constructed a recombinant subunit vaccine by fusing gene fragments of E.

Subtractive Inhibition Assay Based on PagN-Specific Monoclonal Antibody for the Detection of Salmonella Using Surface Plasmon Resonance.

Salmonella is a common foodborne zoonotic pathogen that poses a great threat to human health and breeding industry. The rapid detection of Salmonella is necessary for early prevention and control. In this study, a subtractive inhibition assay (SIA) based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the rapid detection of Salmonella was developed.

Acetylshikonin Derived From Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst Kills Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Positive Pathogens In Vitro and In Vivo.

The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-positive bacteria threatens the effectiveness of current antibiotic therapies. However, the development of new antibiotics has stagnated in recent years, highlighted the critical need for the discovery of innovative antimicrobial agents. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of naphthoquinones derived from Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst (ADNs) and elucidate their underlying mechanisms.

Prevalence and transmission of Salmonella collected from farming to egg processing of layer production chain in Jiangsu Province, China.

Salmonella is a common foodborne pathogen found in poultry production systems. Contaminated poultry products are a major source of human salmonellosis. Understanding the conditions of contamination and the genetic relationships of Salmonella in poultry production is necessary to develop effective interventions measures for controlling Salmonella transmission.

Recombinant African swine fever virus p30-flagellin fusion protein promotes p30-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.

African swine fever (ASF) is a transmissible and deadly viral disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV) that has considerably affected the global pig industry. Vaccination is considered a potentially effective method to control ASF. However, live attenuated vaccines can't protect against all circulating virus isolates.

Acetylshikonin reduces the spread of antibiotic resistance via plasmid conjugation.

The plasmid-mediated conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) stands out as the primary driver behind the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Developing effective inhibitors that target conjugative transfer represents an potential strategy for addressing the issue of AMR. Here, we studied the effect of acetylshikonin (ASK), a botanical derivative, on plasmid conjugation.

The Food Additive Benzaldehyde Confers a Broad Antibiotic Tolerance by Modulating Bacterial Metabolism and Inhibiting the Formation of Bacterial Flagella.

The rise of antibiotic tolerance in bacteria harboring genetic elements conferring resistance to antibiotics poses an increasing threat to public health. However, the primary factors responsible for the emergence of antibiotic tolerance and the fundamental molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly comprehended. Here, we demonstrate that the commonly utilized food additive Benzaldehyde (BZH) possesses the capacity to induce a significant level of fluoroquinolone tolerance in vitro among resistant .

Ecliptasaponin A protects heart against acute ischemia-induced myocardial injury by inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) is a traditional medicinal Chinese herb that displays multiple biological activities, such as encompassing immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver-protective, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects. Ecliptasaponin A (ESA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from Eclipta prostrata (Linn.

Development of a 1-step multiplex PCR assay for the detection of S. Enteritidis, S. Pullorum, S. Typhimurium, and S. Infantis associated with poultry production.

Salmonellosis in poultry is detrimental to the advancement of the breeding industry and poses hazards to human health. Approximately 2,600 Salmonella varieties exist, among which S. Enteritidis, S.

Prevalence and Characteristics of from Tibetan Pigs in Tibet, China.

This study aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of in Tibetan pigs. We isolated, identified, and examined via antimicrobial susceptibility testing on from Tibetan pigs breeder farms and slaughterhouses in Tibet, China. A genetic evolutionary tree was constructed on the basis of whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Putative Probiotic Ligilactobacillus salivarius Strains Isolated from the Intestines of Meat-Type Pigeon Squabs.

This study aims to screen for potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria from the intestines of meat-type pigeon squabs. Ligilactobacillus salivarius YZU37 was identified as the best comprehensive performed strain. Being acid- and bile salt-tolerant, it displayed growth-inhibition activities against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, and Salmonella typhimurium SL1344, exhibited sensitivity to 6 commonly used antibiotics, and endowed with good cell surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation property, and anti-oxidant activities.

Prevalence and transmission of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 based on whole-genome sequence in an intensive laying hen farm in Jiangsu, China.

Salmonella, which is widely distributed in nature, is an important zoonotic pathogen affecting humans, livestock, and other animals. Salmonella infection not only hinders the development of livestock and poultry-related industries but also poses a great threat to human health. In this study, we collected 1,537 samples including weak chicks, dead embryos, fecal samples and environmental samples from 2020 to 2023 (for a period of 1 to 2 months per year) to keep a long-term monitor the prevalence of Salmonella in an intensive laying hen farm, 105 Salmonella strains were isolated with an isolation rate of 6.

Activation dynamics of antigen presenting cells in vivo against Mycobacterium bovis BCG in different immunized route.

Background: Control of Tuberculosis (TB) infection is mainly the result of productive teamwork between T-cell populations and antigen presenting cells (APCs). However, APCs activation at the site of initiating cellular immune response during BCG early infection is not completely understood.

Methods: In this study, we injected C57BL/6 mice in intravenous (i.

The Identification of Functional Genes Affecting Fat-Related Meat Traits in Meat-Type Pigeons Using Double-Digest Restriction-Associated DNA Sequencing and Molecular Docking Analysis.

The Chinese indigenous Shiqi (SQ) pigeon and the imported White King (WK) pigeon are two meat-type pigeon breeds of economical and nutritional importance in China. They displayed significant differences in such meat quality traits as intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid (FA) compositions in the breast muscles. In this study, we aimed to screen candidate genes that could affect fat-related meat quality traits in meat-type pigeons.

Exosomes released by Brucella-infected macrophages inhibit the intracellular survival of Brucella by promoting the polarization of M1 macrophages.

Exosomes, membrane vesicles released extracellularly from cells, contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other components, allowing the transfer of material information between cells. Recent studies reported the role of exosomes in pathogenic microbial infection and host immune mechanisms. Brucella-invasive bodies can survive in host cells for a long time and cause chronic infection, which causes tissue damage.