Obesity hinders the efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells for knee osteoarthritis by reducing the proportion of DPP4+ stem cells.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and disabling joint disease, while adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option in pre-clinical studies. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ASCs may be influenced by the source of these cells, especially in obese patients. This study compared the effects of intra-articular injections of ASCs from wild-type (WT) and ob/ob (OB) mice.

Engineering strategies of sequential drug delivery systems for combination tumor immunotherapy.

Over the past few decades, tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the landscape of cancer clinical treatment. There is a flourishing development of combination strategies to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of mono-immunotherapy. However, instead of a straightforward combination of multiple therapeutics, it is more preferable to pursue a synergistic effect by designing rational combinations as well as administration strategies, which are based on a comprehensive understanding of the physiological and pathological features.

Establishment and molecular profiling of a PDX model of a metachronous brain tumor in a patient with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency with biallelic MSH6 variant.

Background: Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare disorder resulting from biallelic germline pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes. This study described the molecular profile of two metachronous brain tumors and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) from a Brazilian child with CMMRD.

Methods: After PDX development, methylation array, whole exome sequencing, and NanoString techniques were applied to describe the genetic landscape of CMMRD.

Demographic and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of 3723 Patients with Primary Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Consecutive, Single-Center Study Over 11 Years (2012-2023).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and explore the risk factors associated with OSCC pathological TNM (pTNM) stage.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with OSCC from 2012 to 2023. Data analyzed included demographics, clinicopathological characteristics, and treatment.

Unveiling the impact of body mass index on surgical difficulty and oncological prognosis in low rectal cancer: post-hoc analysis of the LASRE trial.

Purpose: This post-hoc analysis of the LASRE trial aims to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on surgical difficulty and oncological outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic or open resection for low rectal cancer.

Methods: The LASRE trial was a multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing laparoscopic and open surgery for low rectal cancer. Patients aged 18-75 years with rectal adenocarcinoma located within 5 cm of the dentate line were enrolled and stratified into four BMI groups: underweight (BMI < 18.

Implementation and outcomes of China's drug patent linkage system: lessons from international experience.

Introduction: The drug patent linkage system plays a crucial role in achieving a balance between protecting drug innovation and ensuring the accessibility of generic drugs. Currently, this system has been implemented in many countries. This review aims to provide policy guidance and a reference basis for relevant stakeholders, while also offering valuable insights to other countries considering the implementation of the patent linkage system globally.

Distinguishing atypical parotid carcinomas and pleomorphic adenomas based on multiphasic computed tomography radiomics nomogram: a multicenter study.

Objective: This study aimed to develop, validate, and test a comprehensive radiomics prediction model using clinical data and contrast-enhanced multiphasic computed tomography (CT) scans for differentiating between atypical parotid carcinomas (PCAs) and pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) within a multicenter cohort.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 218 patients diagnosed with either PAs (n=162) or atypical PCAs (n=56) (no invasion of adjacent tissues or lymph node metastases) across three anonymized hospitals, divided into a training set (n=175) and a validation set (n=43). Clinical features and radiological findings were used to develop a clinical model.

Two-line jointly optimized tomographic absorption spectroscopy for flame measurement with adaptive hybrid regularization.

We present an improved tomographic absorption spectroscopy (TAS) for accurate reconstruction of temperature and HO mole fraction distributions of the combustion field. The absorption lines at 7185.597 cm and 7444.

The green transition path for resource-based enterprises: Does the legal environment promote corporate digital transformation?

The digital economy has become a pivotal force in global economic expansion. Mineral resource-based enterprises, heavily reliant on natural resources, face the necessity to undergo digital transformation (DT) to modernize and upgrade their operations, ensuring sustainable development in the digital era. Despite the recognized importance of DT for business development, specific drivers for DT in mineral resource-based enterprises remain underexplored, particularly the impact of the legal environment.

Diagnostic value of dual-energy computed tomography in irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis in patients with acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia.

Background: Irreversible transmural intestinal necrosis (ITIN) is associated with high mortality rates in patients with acute occlusive mesenteric ischemia (AOMI). Currently, there are not many studies on the use of dual energy computed tomography (DECT) for evaluating ITIN.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic value of DECT for ITIN in AOMI.

Tenofovir amibufenamide in chronic hepatitis B: Lipid changes and 144-week safety with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-to-tenofovir amibufenamide switch.

Background: Tenofovir amibufenamide (TMF) has shown antiviral efficacy comparable to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with improved renal and bone safety profiles. While TDF is recognized for its lipid-lowering properties, the long-term effects of TMF on lipid metabolism remain unclear.

Aim: To assess lipid changes and long-term safety of TMF in CHB, including outcomes after TDF-to-TMF switch over 144 weeks.

A Novel Perspective on Tubular C4d Positivity in BK Polyomavirus Nephropathy.

Introduction: Tubular basement membrane (TBM) C4d staining has been frequently observed in BK polyomavirus nephropathy (BKPyVN); however, its specificity and clinical implications remain unclear.

Methods: Biopsy data from 272 patients with BK viruria, including 4 native BKPyVN, 150 allograft BKPyVN, and 118 non-BKPyVN were reviewed. C4d was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and compared with frozen tissue to evaluate its correlation with clinicopathological features.

Mapping the landscape of locally advanced colon cancer research: a 30-year bibliometric perspective.

Our study aimed to perform a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to investigate the evolution of research in locally advanced colon cancer (LACC) over the past 30 years. This study examined 206 articles from the Science Citation Index Expanded within the Web of Science database, spanning from 1991 to 2023. It encompassed a detailed review of publication trends, geographic distribution, institutional contributions, authorship patterns, and keyword analysis.

How surface charges affect interdroplet freezing.

The freezing of droplets on surfaces is closely relevant with various industrial processes such as aviation, navigation, and transportation. Previous studies mainly focus on physiochemically heterogeneous but electrically homogeneous surfaces, on which the presence of vapor pressure gradient between droplets is the predominant mechanism for interdroplet freezing bridging, propagation, and eventual frosting across the entire surface. An interesting yet unanswered question is whether electrostatic charge on surfaces affects freezing dynamics.

Postoperative sepsis-associated neurocognitive disorder: mechanisms, predictive strategies, and treatment approaches.

Sepsis is a critical condition characterized by an abnormal immune response to infection, resulting in systemic inflammation, organ failure, and high mortality rate. Postoperative sepsis, accounting for nearly one-third of all sepsis cases, predominantly affects the elderly and individuals with pre-existing conditions, with fatality rates between 30 and 50%. Surgical stress induces immune, hormonal, and metabolic disturbances, heightening susceptibility to immune dysregulation and sepsis.

CycleDesigner: Leveraging CycRFdiffusion and HighFold to Design Cyclic Peptide Binders for Specific Targets.

Cyclic peptides are potentially therapeutic in clinical applications, due to their great stability and activity. Yet, designing and identifying potential cyclic peptide binders targeting specific targets remains a formidable challenge, entailing significant time and resources. In this study, we modified the powerful RFdiffusion model to allow the cyclic peptide structure identification (CycRFdiffusion) and integrated it with ProteinMPNN and HighFold to design binders for specific targets.

Miniaturized Tunable Laser Spectrometer for the Simultaneous Detection of Water Ice and Hydrogen-Oxygen Isotopes for the Chang'E-7 Lunar Soil Water Molecule Analyzer.

Distinguishing the origin of lunar water ice requires in situ isotopic measurements with high sensitivity and robustness under extreme lunar conditions; however, challenges such as uncertain water contents and isotopic fractionation induced by regolith particles restrict isotopic analysis. Herein, we present a miniaturized tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) developed as the core prototype for the Chang'E-7 Lunar Soil Water Molecule Analyzer (LSWMA). The wavelength range of the instrument is 3659.

USP18 is a key regulator of immune function in mouse midbrain microglia.

Aims: Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (USP18) is an important member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family, which has received much attention in recent years for its role in microglia regulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of USP18 in midbrain and its potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods: In this study, we assessed behavioural phenotypes and pathological changes by adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated midbrain-specific USP18 high-expression mouse model.

The impact of ferrocenium as a catalyst on the chiral distribution of single-walled carbon nanotubes in floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition synthesis.

In response to the growing demand for novel catalyst designs for the selective growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), this study explores the use of ferrocenium (the oxidized state of ferrocene) as a new catalyst precursor for the first time. Utilizing the floating-catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC-CVD) method, SWCNTs were synthesized and characterized through analytical transmission electron microscopy selected area electron diffraction (TEM SAED) and optical techniques (Raman spectroscopy and UV-vis-NIR absorption). The introduction of ferrocenium led to an enhancement in the metallicity of the nanotubes, increasing the proportion of metallic SWCNTs to 43.

CIAPIN1 attenuates ferroptosis via regulating PI3K/AKT pathway in LPS-induced podocytes.

Objective: Cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) is a crucial anti-apoptotic protein; however, its role and associated molecular pathways in ferroptosis remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CIAPIN1 on ferroptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced podocytes and the associated underlying phenomenon.

Methods: In this study, we recruited 50 sepsis patients (aged 56.

FedDyH: A Multi-Policy with GA Optimization Framework for Dynamic Heterogeneous Federated Learning.

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning technique that ensures data privacy and has shown significant potential in cross-institutional image analysis. However, existing methods struggle with the inherent dynamic heterogeneity of real-world data, such as changes in cellular differentiation during disease progression or feature distribution shifts due to different imaging devices. This dynamic heterogeneity can cause catastrophic forgetting, leading to reduced performance in medical predictions across stages.

Optimizing data privacy and security measures for critical infrastructures via IoT based ADP2S technique.

The sensitive nature of the data processed by the critical infrastructures of a shared platform like the internet of things (IoT) makes it vulnerable to a wide range of security risks. These infrastructures must have robust security measures to protect the privacy of the user data transmitted to the processing systems that utilize them. However, data loss and complexities are significant issues when handling enormous data in IoT applications.

Population genetic diversity of Schistosoma japonicum arises from the host switching in the life cycle.

Background: Schistosoma japonicum is a multi-host parasite, including asexual amplification in snail hosts and sexual reproduction in mammalian hosts. The genetic diversity of S. japonicum by host switching is less understood, which could help elucidate the genetic evolution of S.

A Broad-Spectrum Monoclonal Antibody-Based Heterologous ic-ELISA for the Detection of Multiple Pyrethroids in Water, Milk, Celery, and Leek.

Pyrethroids are one of the most commonly used insecticides worldwide in agriculture, public health, and household products. To monitor the presence of pyrethroids in the environment and in food, a broad-spectrum monoclonal antibody (mAb), CL/CN-1D2, was prepared. This mAb demonstrates a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for different pyrethroids: cypermethrin (129.