Gbits/s-Level Encrypted Spectral Wireless Communication Enabled by High-Performance Flexible Organic Hyperspectrometer.

The exponential growth of data in the information era has pushed conventional optical communication technology to its limitations, including inefficient spectral utilization, slow data rate, and inherent security vulnerabilities. Here, a transformative high-speed organic spectral wireless communication (SWC) technology enabled by a flexible, miniaturized, and high-performance organic hyperspectrometer is proposed that integrates ultrahigh-speed data transmission with hardware-level encryption. By synergistically combining organic photodetector arrays with tunable responsivities and spectral-tunable organic filters, the organic hyperspectrometer achieves a broad spectral detection range of 400 to 900 nm, resolution of 1.

The arginine-phenylalanine-amide neuropeptide receptor family: Physiological effects, drug development, and structural insights.

The arginine-phenylalanine-amide neuropeptide receptor family comprises a subclass within the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily with crucial roles in physiological regulation. These receptors recognize and bind neuropeptides with an arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif, thereby participating in a variety of biological processes such as energy metabolism, pain perception, and reproductive functions. In this review, we explore the physiological and pathological processes involving these receptors and delve into the structure-activity relationships of their ligand peptides, clarifying the key structural motifs within these neuropeptides that determine their biological activity, pharmacological potency, and receptor selectivity.

Granzyme B activated near-infrared-II ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobe for early detection of tumor response to immunotherapy.

Non-invasive optical imaging tools for early detecting anti-tumor immune responses are crucial for precision cancer immunotherapy. However, current probes often suffer from low imaging depth, single imaging channel, and inadequate quantification, hindering their in vivo applications. Here we develop a rare-earth-based NIR-II fluorescence ratiometric nanoprobe (DCGA) for in vivo real-time, precise, and non-invasive visualization of granzyme B (GzmB) activity, a key effector in T cell-mediated antitumor immunity, for early prediction of immunotherapy efficacy.

Mechanism and function of GPR3 regulated by a negative allosteric modulator.

Allosteric modulators have gained substantial interest in current GPCR drug discovery. Here, we present a mechanism of allosteric modulation involving the dimerization of GPR3, a promising drug target for metabolic diseases and central nervous system disorders. We show that GPR3 forms constitutive homodimers in live cells and reveal that the inhibitor AF64394 functions as a negative allosteric modulator (NAM) specifically targeting dimeric GPR3.

Predicting the therapeutic efficacy of uterine artery embolization for adenomyosis using a combined model based on MRI radiomics and clinical characteristics.

Objective: Prediction of the therapeutic efficacy of uterine artery embolization (UAE) for adenomyosis (AM) using an MRI-based radiomics model combined with clinical characteristics.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 126 patients with AM who underwent UAE at the Interventional Radiology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Radiomics features were extracted from uterine lesions using axial T-weighted imaging with fat suppression (TWI-FS) sequences obtained prior to treatment.

Auxiliary Liver Transplantation With Delayed Total Hepatectomy: Evolution From 2-stage APOLT to RAPID Following the ALPPS Principles.

The resection and partial liver segment 2/3 transplantation with delayed total hepatectomy (RAPID) represents an innovative fusion of 2 of the most challenging procedures of modern liver surgery: auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation and associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy. By combining the principles of auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation of partial graft implantation with staged parenchymal modulation of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, RAPID enables sequential hypertrophy of the transplanted graft followed by complete native liver removal, addressing critical limitations in donor-recipient size matching. Current evidence highlights its primary application in treating unresectable hepatic malignancies, demonstrating advantages over conventional strategies in preserving functional liver volume, minimizing the risk of small-for-size syndrome, and accelerating graft regeneration.

Super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography based on Real-ESRGAN.

Off-axis digital holography plays a crucial role in high-precision three-dimensional imaging. However, high-resolution phase images are often affected by the limited pixel size of the sensor. To address this issue, this study proposes, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the application of Real-ESRGAN for the super-resolution reconstruction of off-axis digital holography images.

From fish to fiber: 3D-nanoprinted optical neuromast for multi-integrated underwater detection.

Fish possess high sensitivity to acoustic, vibrational, and hydrodynamic stimuli through unique sensing cells, providing unparalleled paradigms for developing underwater detection methods. However, artificial perception devices face challenges in replicating comparable sensitivity and multi-dimensional integration of fish in function and scale. Here, we propose a biomimetic optical fiber neuromast (BOFN) by leveraging synergistic optical-mechanical interactions for multifunctional underwater detection and communication.

Friction-Assisted Liquid Metal-Driven Anchoring of Low Redox Potential Metal Ions for Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Overcoming the fundamental thermodynamic-kinetic dilemma restricting metal ion reduction/anchoring (MIRA) strategies is critical for advancing next-generation technologies reliant on precise electron transfer and stable interfaces. However, the persistent challenge in conventional approaches lies in the concurrent inhibition of thermodynamically reactions, occurrence of undesired kinetic pathways, and compromised anchoring efficiency. Here, a paradigm of friction-assisted utilizing gallium-indium liquid metal (LM) to circumvent these constraints, enabling efficient MIRA of low reduction potential (LRP) ions.

Assessment of liquefaction resistance of soil with fines using cyclic hollow cylinder testing.

Soil liquefaction is a devastating effect of earthquakes. It occurs when saturated granular soils lose their shear strength because of a sudden increase in pore water pressure under dynamic loads. Over the last six decades, considerable focus has been placed on understanding the mechanisms and phenomena associated with liquefaction, making it a critical area of research.

Resveratrol improves ovariectomy and chronic restraint stress-induced depression-like behaviors in mice through brain-derived neurotrophic factor associated structural synaptic remodeling.

Previous studies have shown that resveratrol has antidepressant effects in a variety of depression models, but the effect and mechanism of resveratrol on menopausal depression are unclear. In this study, transgenic mice were ovariectomized combined with chronic restraint stress to establish a model of menopausal depression. The antidepressant effect of resveratrol was evaluated by tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test, sucrose preference test (SPT), and novel inhibition feeding test (NSFT).

CAP-Net: Carotid Artery Plaque Segmentation System Based on Computed Tomography Angiography.

Rationale And Objectives: Diagnosis of carotid plaques from head and neck CT angiography (CTA) scans is typically time-consuming and labor-intensive, leading to limited studies and unpleasant results in this area. The objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning-based model for detection and segmentation of carotid plaques using CTA images.

Materials And Methods: CTA images from 1061 patients (765 male; 296 female) with 4048 carotid plaques were included and split into a 75% training-validation set and a 25% independent test set.

Engineering a cell-based orthogonal ubiquitin transfer cascade for profiling the substrates of RBR E3 Parkin.

The E3 ubiquitin (UB) ligase Parkin utilizes a Ring-Between-Ring (RBR) domain to mediate UB transfer to substrate proteins, and mutations affecting Parkin catalysis promote cancer and are associated with Parkinson's disease. An essential role of Parkin is to initiate mitophagy by ubiquitinating mitochondrial proteins. Still, it is unclear how Parkin carries out other cellular functions, such as the regulation of the cell cycle, metabolism, and the neuronal synapse.

Single-Cell Analysis of Alternative Splicing and Gene Regulatory Network Reveals Remarkable Expression and Regulation Dynamics During Human Early Embryonic Development.

Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) technologies greatly revolutionized our understanding of cell-to-cell variability of gene expression, but few scRNA-seq technologies were used to describe the expression dynamics at the isoform and exon levels. Although the current expression profile of early embryos was studied focusing on the expression changes at the gene level, systematic investigation of gene expression dynamics of human early embryonic development remains insufficient. Here we systematically explored the gene expression dynamics of human early embryonic development integrating gene expression level with alternative splicing, isoform switching, and expression regulatory network.

Analyzing the spatiotemporal effects of meteorological factors on hand, foot and mouth disease using mixed geographically and temporally weighted autoregressive models.

Spatial autocorrelation is an important epidemiological feature of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). However, few studies have included this feature in the regression relationship between HFMD incidence and driving factors to explore its impact on incidence. In this paper, we propose a mixed geographically and temporally weighted autoregressive (MGTWAR) model to explore the impact of spatial autocorrelation and meteorological factors on the incidence of HFMD among children in Inner Mongolia, China, in 2016.

Reaction Pathway Analysis of Methane and Propylene Cracking: A Reactive Force Field Simulation Approach.

This study presents the development and validation of an elementary reaction pathway tracking algorithm based on reactive force field simulations, enabling the dynamic monitoring of cracking products at the 20,000-atom scale, the accurate identification of chain reaction pathways, and the comprehensive tracking of large carbon chain formation. The research demonstrates that the differences between methane and propylene cracking-polymerization reactions primarily stem from disparities in bond dissociation energies, radical stabilities, and molecular topologies, and the operation of molecular dynamics relies on LAMMPS 3 March 2020. The cracking pathway of methane is relatively straightforward, predominantly involving the homolytic cleavage of C-H bonds, followed by radical chain propagation leading to the formation of large carbonaceous species.

Identification and catalytic mechanisms of key enzymes in the biosynthesis of asperosaponin VI from Dipsacusasperoides.

Asperosaponin Ⅵ is the major active compound in the traditional Chinese medcinal herb Dipsacus asperoides (Xu-Duan), exhibits diverse pharmacological activities, including treating osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory effects, and neuroprotective properties. However, due to limited natural sources and challenges in chemical extraction, heterologous biosynthesis offers a strategy for efficient production of asperosaponin Ⅵ and its intermediates and derivatives. Despite its potential, the biosynthetic pathway of asperosaponin Ⅵ remains poorly understood, primarily due to its complex multi-step reaction network.

Artery fragment guided approach for enhancing cerebral aneurysm detection in TOF-MRA imaging.

Background: Cerebral aneurysms are a type of cerebrovascular disease that poses a severe threat to life and health. Early screening using Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography (TOF-MRA) can effectively reduce the risk of rupture. Despite the importance of early detection, manual image screening remains a laborious and inefficient process.

Bridging the Semantic Gap in Medical Visual Question Answering with Prompt Learning.

Medical Visual Question Answering (Med-VQA) aims to answer questions regarding the content of medical images, crucial for enhancing diagnostics and education in healthcare. However, progress in this field is hindered by data scarcity due to the resource-intensive nature of medical data annotation. While existing Med-VQA approaches often rely on pre-training to mitigate this issue, bridging the semantic gap between pre-trained models and specific tasks remains a significant challenge.

Using Transcriptome Diversity to Evaluate the Off-Target Effects of miRNA-Mediated Transgenic Rice.

RNAi technology is an innovative tool for pest control in agriculture. The RNAi-based rice event, Csu260-16, expressing endogenous miRNA targeting the gene shows great potential for managing this pest. However, off-target effects limit its long-term sustainable utility.

Development and challenges in the treatment of advanced gallbladder cancer (Review).

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly lethal disease and the most common cancer of the biliary tract. Numerous patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, limiting surgical options and necessitating local or systemic treatment. Despite advancements in cancer treatment, 5-year survival rates remain low.

Evaluation of techniques for automated classification and artery quantification of the circle of Willis on TOF-MRA images: The CROWN challenge.

Assessing risk factors for intracranial aneurysm (IA) development on images is crucial for early detection of high-risk cases. IAs often form at bifurcations within the circle of Willis (CoW), but manual assessment of these arteries is both time-consuming and susceptible to inconsistencies. Previous studies on imaging markers for IA development lack sufficient evidence for clinical implications, highlighting the need for automated methods to assess CoW morphology.

Advances in magnetic resonance imaging of the developing brain and its applications in pediatrics.

The human brain undergoes a complex and dynamic developmental process from birth through adolescence, driven by molecular and cellular mechanisms that shape its structure and function. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an essential non-invasive tool for studying pediatric brain development and detecting neurological disorders. However, pediatric neuroimaging presents unique challenges, including motion artifacts, small anatomical structures, and immature tissue properties, necessitating specialized MRI techniques.

Synergistic effects of cardiovascular health and social isolation on adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) affect approximately 20% pregnant women, and their incidence is increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cardiovascular health (CVH) during pregnancy on APOs. We analyzed data from 14,930 pregnant women in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study.

Stress-induced and anchoring-programmed smectic layer architectures.

The large-area architecture of ordered stimuli-responsive systems is of vital importance in nanotechnology and functional materials. However, the entropy-driven self-organization of soft matters remains a fundamental challenge. Here, we adopt mechanical stress to regulate the layered structures of smectic A liquid crystals.