Innovative Cross-Shaped SRC Column-RC Slab Connection: Experimental Investigation and Finite Element Analysis of Punching Shear Behavior.

Flat slab structures are extensively utilized in modern construction owing to their efficient load transfer mechanisms and optimized space utilization. Nevertheless, the persistent issue of brittle punching shear failure at connection zones continues to pose significant engineering challenges. This study proposes an innovative cross-shaped steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) column-slab connection.

Escaping endogenous miRNA post-transcriptional silencing of enhanced transformation efficiency in woody plants.

The stable expression of transgenes was critically influenced by post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in transgenic plants. In this study, we investigated the influence of endogenous miRNA-mediated silencing on heterologous gene expression by introducing walnut ( L.)-derived Growth-Regulating Factors 4 (), disrupting miR396-mediated silencing of replace- (), and into birch ( Suk.

Rootstock of distant hybrid activates transcription factors of scion cultivar to promote growth and yield in walnut.

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a significant commercial tree, valued both for its timber and nut production and it is extensively cultivated across the globe. We exploit heterografting by using cultivar-'Shangsong14' (Juglans regia; 'S14') as scion and hybrid elite-'Zhongningqi' (Juglans hindsii × Juglans regia; 'Q') as rootstock and self-grafting each other as both scion and rootstock to investigate the genetic effects of the rootstock.

Boosting chiroptical activity of homochiral gold nanoparticles: iodide ion-assisted synthesis via citrate-reduction method.

The chiral ligand-directed and seed-mediated growth method is commonly used for synthesizing chiral gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). However, the method requires the use of chiral ligands and the seeds with a certain morphology, and is quite complex and time-consuming, impeding further advancements in application. In this work, we introduced iodide ion (I) into the traditional citrate-reduction method to obtain homochiral AuNPs.

Cryogenic Synthesis of Homochiral Gold Nanoparticles in the Absence of Chiral Ligands and Their Performance in Enantiomer Recognition.

Currently, the chiral ligand-directed growth strategy has been predominantly employed for preparing chiral gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In this work, we report the unexpected discovery of homochiral AuNP formation under cryogenic conditions (0 °C) without chiral ligand induction. Systematic investigations revealed significant temperature-dependent evolution of nanoparticle morphology and chiroptical properties across a broad thermal range (-10 to 75 °C).

Self-assembled cysteine-copper chiral nanoparticles for inhibiting aggregation of amyloid β peptides.

Inhibiting the aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides is a promising strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there have been very limited reports of highly effective inhibitors of Aβ aggregation in the past few decades. Herein, two types of nanoparticles (NPs) with opposite chirality were prepared through one-step assembly of L-cysteine (L-Cys) or D-cysteine (D-Cys) and Cu at room temperature.

Deep learning in neurosurgery: a systematic literature review with a structured analysis of applications across subspecialties.

Objective: This study systematically reviewed deep learning (DL) applications in neurosurgical practice to provide a comprehensive understanding of DL in neurosurgery. The review process included a systematic overview of recent developments in DL technologies, an examination of the existing literature on their applications in neurosurgery, and insights into the future of neurosurgery. The study also summarized the most widely used DL algorithms, their specific applications in neurosurgical practice, their limitations, and future directions.

Donepezil-induced degradation of hERG potassium channel via lysosomal pathway is exacerbated by hypoxia.

Donepezil (DPZ), an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor for Alzheimer's disease, has drawn attention for causing prolonged QT interval and torsade de pointes (TdP). Acquired long QT syndrome (acLQTS) is usually caused by blockage of the cardiac potassium current I/hERG, which is essential for cardiac repolarization. This study aimed to investigate DPZ's effect on hERG channel and its cardiotoxic mechanism, particularly focusing on whether hypoxia increases the risk of DPZ-induced acLQTS.

Real-time mapping of gapless 24-hour surface PM in China.

Large-scale mapping of surface coarse particulate matter (PM) concentration remains a key focus for air quality monitoring. Satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD)-based data fusion approaches decouple the non-linear AOD-PM relationship, enabling high-resolution PM data acquisition, but are limited by spatial incompleteness and the absence of nighttime data. Here, a gridded visibility-based real-time surface PM retrieval (RT-SPMR) framework for China is introduced, addressing the gap in seamless hourly PM data within the 24-hour cycle.

Artificial intelligence integration in surgery through hand and instrument tracking: a systematic literature review.

Objective: This systematic literature review of the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in surgical practice through hand and instrument tracking provides an overview of recent advancements and analyzes current literature on the intersection of surgery with AI. Distinct AI algorithms and specific applications in surgical practice are also examined.

Methods: An advanced search using medical subject heading terms was conducted in Medline (via PubMed), SCOPUS, and Embase databases for articles published in English.

LncRNA MALAT1/Calpain-1 Axis in ATO Induced hERG Channel Deficiency.

Background: KCNH2 encodes the hERG potassium channel, which is associated with drug-induced long QT syndrome. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is an effective therapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia; however, its long-term use can lead to cardiotoxicity, particularly in cases of acquired long QT syndrome (acLQTS), which may result in torsade de pointes (TdP). Therefore, it is essential to comprehend the mechanisms behind acLQTS and to develop effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.

TFEB activator protects against ethanol toxicity-induced cardiac injury by restoring mitophagy and autophagic flux.

Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) and myocardial injury. This study aims to investigate the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in ethanol-induced cardiac anomalies using a murine model, AC16 human cardiomyocytes, and human plasma. Wild-type mice treated with a TFEB activator (Compound 1) or vehicle (25 mg/kg/d) were challenged with or without ethanol (3 g/kg/d, i.

Enhancing Amyloid PET Quantification: MRI-Guided Super-Resolution Using Latent Diffusion Models.

Amyloid PET imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and research of Alzheimer's disease (AD), allowing non-invasive detection of amyloid-β plaques in the brain. However, the low spatial resolution of PET scans limits the accurate quantification of amyloid deposition due to partial volume effects (PVE). In this study, we propose a novel approach to addressing PVE using a latent diffusion model for resolution recovery (LDM-RR) of PET imaging.

Accurate patient alignment without unnecessary imaging using patient-specific 3D CT images synthesized from 2D kV images.

Background: In radiotherapy, 2D orthogonally projected kV images are used for patient alignment when 3D-on-board imaging (OBI) is unavailable. However, tumor visibility is constrained due to the projection of patient's anatomy onto a 2D plane, potentially leading to substantial setup errors. In treatment room with 3D-OBI such as cone beam CT (CBCT), the field of view (FOV) of CBCT is limited with unnecessarily high imaging dose.

Efficient degradation of organic pollutants without any external assistance over a wide pH range using carbon vacancy-modified Fe-N-C catalysts.

Currently, water treatment usually requires additional light illumination or oxidants for the degradation of organic pollutants, which increases the costs and is not conducive to practical application. In this study, carbon vacancy-modified Fe-N-C single-atom catalysts (Cv-Fe-N-C SACs) were prepared through one simple acid-etching and pyrolysis process. Interestingly, we found that Cv-Fe-N-C SACs could degrade organic pollutants without any external assistance (such as oxidants or light illumination).

Simple and low-cost colorimetric method for quantification of surface oxygen vacancy in zinc oxide.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with surface oxygen vacancy (O) was found to catalyze the colorimetric reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB)-HO, and the absorbance of this TMB-HO-ZnO system was strongly dependent the O concentration on surface of ZnO. By taking advantage of this phenomenon, one colorimetric method was proposed for quantifying surface O in ZnO. The surface O amount obtained through this colorimetric method matched well with that obtained through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Magnetic nanoparticle-decorated metal organic frameworks for chemiluminescence detection of glutathione.

A chemiluminescence (CL) method for determination of glutathione (GSH) was developed with magnetic nanoparticle-decorated metal organic frameworks (FeO NPs@Cu-TATB). The composite material was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and glutathione (GSH) can be detected by both visual and chemiluminescence (CL) methods. The synthesized FeO NPs@Cu-TATB exhibited excellent catalytic activity in the luminol-HO CL system.

A microRNA396b-growth regulating factor module controls castor seed size by mediating auxin synthesis.

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is an importance crop cultivated for its oil and economic value. Seed size is a crucial factor that determines crop yield.

Utilization and affordability of health insurance coverage for rare disease drugs in a first-tier city in Northeast China from 2018 to 2021: a study based on the health insurance claims database.

Objective: The accessibility issue of orphan drugs in China is prominent. Based on real-world data from a tier-one city in Northeast China, this study aims to analyze the current usage and affordability of orphan drugs for rare diseases.

Methods: The data was sourced from the health insurance claims data of a certain city from 2018 to 2021, including a total of 16 orphan drugs.

Facile Estimation of Surface Oxygen Vacancies in CoO Catalysts with a Colorimetric Method.

Oxygen vacancy (Ov) is known to act as an active center of the metal oxide. Quantification of surface Ov is vital for understanding the quantitative structure-activity relationship. Facile quantification characterization of surface Ov is highly desirable but still challenging.

The usage and costs of national drug price-negotiated anticancer medicines in a first-tier city in Northeast China: a study based on health insurance data.

Background: The National Drug Price Negotiation (NDPN) policy has entered a normalisation stage, aiming to alleviate, to some extent, the disease-related and economic burdens experienced by cancer patients. This study analysed the use and subsequent burden of anticancer medicines among cancer patients in a first-tier city in northeast China.

Methods: We assessed the usage of 64 negotiated anticancer medicines using the data on the actual drug deployment situation, the frequency of medical insurance claims and actual medication costs.

Brainomaly: Unsupervised Neurologic Disease Detection Utilizing Unannotated T1-weighted Brain MR Images.

Harnessing the power of deep neural networks in the medical imaging domain is challenging due to the difficulties in acquiring large annotated datasets, especially for rare diseases, which involve high costs, time, and effort for annotation. Unsupervised disease detection methods, such as anomaly detection, can significantly reduce human effort in these scenarios. While anomaly detection typically focuses on learning from images of healthy subjects only, real-world situations often present unannotated datasets with a mixture of healthy and diseased subjects.

Label-free and portable detection of HIV-DNA by a handheld luminometer.

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major worldwide health problem. Nowadays, many methods have been developed for quantitative detecting human immunodeficiency virus DNA (HIV-DNA), such as fluorescence and colorimetry. However, these methods still have the disadvantages of being expensive and requiring professional technicians.