[Two new taraxerane triterpenoids from mastic].

Three taraxerane nortriterpenoids were isolated from mastic by using various modern chromatographic separation techniques. They were identified as(5R,8R,9R,10S,11S,12R,13S,17R,18R)-28-norlupa-11,12-epoxy-14-taraxerene-3,16-dione(1),(5R,8R,9R,10S,11S,12R,13S,17S,18S)-17-hydroxy-28-norlupa-11,12-epoxy-14-taraxerene-3-one(2), and(5R,8R,9R,10R,11S,12R,13R,14S,17S,18S)-14,17-epoxy-28-norlupa-11,12-oxidotaraxerone(3) through the high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS), infrared(IR), ultraviolet(UV), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques as well as comparison with literature data. Compounds 1-3 were C-28 nortriterpenoids and isolated from mastic for the first time, and compounds 1-2 were new ones.

Hydrazone fluorophores with acidochromism, mechanochromism, and solvatochromism for moisture detection.

Water monitoring in organic solvents is crucial but remains challenging. Karl Fischer titration can reach ∼1 ppm but relies on toxic reagents and bench-top equipment; most fluorescent probes, in contrast, cover <10 % (v/v) water and provide only a single read-out. Here we introduce two triphenylamine functionalized hydrazone probes, DHB and DHF, that overcome these limitations by simultaneously translating water stimuli into three independent, quantitative fluorescence signals-wavelength, intensity and RGB color-within a single measurement.

Deep Learning-Based Denoising of Noisy Vibration Signals from Wavefront Sensors Using BiL-DCAE.

In geophysical exploration, laser remote sensing detection of seismic waves based on wavefront sensors can be used for geological detection and geophysical exploration. However, due to the high sensitivity of the wavefront sensor, it is easy to be affected by the environmental light and vibration, resulting in random noise, which is difficult to predict, thus significantly reducing the quality of the vibration signal and the detection accuracy. In this paper, a large amount of data is collected through a single-point vibration detection experiment, and the relationship between amplitude and spot centroid offset is analyzed and calculated.

Seed-Source Precipitation Drives Drought Acclimatization of : Implications for Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in the HeHuang Valley.

is a key dominant species in the desert regions of northern China. The selection of appropriate seed source and the determination of optimal seed harvesting times are critical for the development and utilization of its germplasm resources. In this study, nine habitats with varying precipitation levels were identified in the HeHuang Valley.

Flow-driven translocation of comb-like copolymer vesicles through a nanochannel: the influence of nanochannel size and vesicle membrane thickness.

We employed a hybrid simulation approach that combines a lattice-Boltzmann (LB) method for simulating fluid flow with a molecular dynamics (MD) model for the polymers to investigate the translocation of comb-like copolymer vesicles driven by fluid flow through a nanochannel. Our findings reveal that the relationship between the critical flow rate () and the nanochannel diameter () can be divided into two distinct stages. In the first stage, when / is greater than 1.

Acetylation Modification of Lavandula angustifolia Polysaccharides: Physicochemical Property, Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities.

Chemical modifications can impart distinct physicochemical properties and biological activities to polysaccharides. In this study, Lavandula angustifolia polysaccharide (LAP) was purified through a series of processes including decolorization, deproteinization, freeze-drying, and column chromatography using DEAE-750 cellulose and Sephadex G-200, yielding a major homogeneous polysaccharide designated as LAP. The LAP was subsequently modified via acetylation method, producing a series of acetylated derivatives with varying degrees of substitution, referred to as LAP-1, LAP-2 and LAP-3, respectively.

Integrative multi-omics analysis unravels chitosan-mediated delay of mango fruit ripening through hormonal and metabolic reprogramming.

Mango (), a climacteric fruit of significant global economic value, suffers from rapid postharvest deterioration driven by complex hormonal and transcriptional networks. While chitosan coating is known to extend mango shelf-life, the precise molecular mechanisms, particularly its interplay with key ripening hormones like abscisic acid and ethylene, and the role of transcriptional regulators, remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that chitosan delays ripening by reprogramming abscisic acid and ethylene signaling pathways and associated transcriptional networks.

The basic leucine zipper transcription factor TabZIP156 interacts with jasmonate ZIM-domain protein TaJAZ3-2A to regulate drought response in wheat.

Drought represents a major abiotic factor that restricts crop yields worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that the wheat bZIP transcription factor TabZIP156 plays a vital role in enhancing drought tolerance. However, the drought tolerance mechanism of TabZIP156 in wheat remains unclear.

Establishment of -Mediated Transient Transformation System in Sunflower.

Sunflower ( L.) is an important oilseed crop in Northwest China, exhibiting resistance to salt and drought. Mining its excellent tolerance genes can be used for breeding.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from the seleniferous soil.

Two Gram-stain-negative bacterial strains, designated S5-13 and S5-11, were isolated from seleniferous soil in Enshi, PR China. Both strains demonstrated the ability to tolerate high concentrations of selenite and selenate and efficiently reduced these selenium oxyanions to elemental selenium. Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses revealed that strain S5-13 belongs to the genus , while S5-11 is affiliated with the genus .

Effect of Different Chemical Modifications on the Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Extracted From Crataegus songarica Fruits.

Crataegus songarica fruits polysaccharides (CSP) possess significant antioxidant activity, but the relationship between their chemical modifications and activity is unclear. In this study, five polysaccharide derivatives were prepared by selenide, acetylation, phosphorylation, sulfation, and carboxymethylation modifications. The structural characterization of CSP and its derivatives by multidimensional techniques (HPGPC, GC, UV, FT-IR, Congo red, SEM, XRD, TG, DTG, and DSC).

Green dual-organic salt activation synthesis of hierarchical N, S co-doping artificial humic acid-derived porous carbon toward superior cadmium capture in asymmetric capacitive deionization.

Efficient hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) and heteroatom doping electrode materials remain a formidable challenge for advanced capacitive deionization (CDI) systems for cadmium-containing wastewater purification. This study reports the successful preparation of asymmetric CDI cathodes for the electrosorption of Cd by a controlled dual-organic-salt activation strategy, and its adsorption performance and underlying mechanism were comprehensively investigated. Compared with a single KCO activation strategy, incorporating CHNOSK during activation induced a chain activation-gas etching reaction, resulting in a carbon material with high heteroatom doping, exceptional specific surface area an optimized pore distribution, and abundant edge defects.

Microwave Extraction of New Polysaccharides From Inonotus obliquus, Structural Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity.

To address the low extraction yield and structural degradation issues of conventional methods, this study optimized microwave-assisted extraction (61°C, 64 min, 30:1 mL/g ratio) to obtain Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOP), followed by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 purification to isolate two fractions: neutral IOP-1 (12.67 kDa) and acidic IOP-2 (26.13 kDa).

Insight into the Regulatory Role of Defect Evolution on the Growth of Single-Crystalline Covalent Organic Frameworks.

The rapid synthesis of large-sized single-crystalline two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) remains a formidable challenge with current synthetic techniques. A thorough microscopic comprehension of the dynamic processes that govern crystal growth from the perspective of defect formation/repair is imperative. Here, molecular dynamics simulations combined with a dynamic bond model are employed to track the real-time defect evolution in the growth of 2D COFs on surfaces.

Screening of Theaflavins That Inhibit Proliferation of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Through Metabolomics Approaches.

To study the inhibitory mechanism of theaflavins on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to define a solid Chinese herbal antitumor remedy through metabolomics approaches. Various concentrations of theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF3) were examined for their effects on proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells by CCK-8, colony-forming assay, wound healing assay, trans-well migration assay, and Hoechst staining assay. Moreover, metabolomics analysis along with UHPLC-Q-TOF mass spectrometry and UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectroscopic analyses were also performed.

TA-SSM net: tri-directional attention and structured state-space model for enhanced MRI-Based diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its precursor, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), is critical for effective prevention and treatment. Computer-aided diagnosis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a cost-effective and objective approach. However, existing methods often segment 3D MRI images into 2D slices, leading to spatial information loss and reduced diagnostic accuracy.

Mechanistic Insights into the Bornyl Diphosphate Synthase from .

Lavender species hold substantial economic importance due to their widespread cultivation for essential oils (EOs). Lavender EOs contain terpenes essential for industries such as cosmetics, personal care, and pharmaceuticals. In the biosynthetic pathway of EOs, bornyl diphosphate synthase (LaBPPS) catalyzes the conversion of geranyl diphosphate (GPP) to bornyl diphosphate (BPP).

Structural bioinformatics and gene expression analysis of maturase K from (lavender).

The chloroplast genome of plants contains a single gene encoding the splicing factor Maturase K (MatK). To elucidate the functional role and underlying mechanism of MatK, we investigated it in (lavender). Structural models of MatK1 and Matk2 were predicted using AlphaFold2, and potential active site residues were identified via the GalaxyWEB program.

Electrocatalytic acetylene semihydrogenation triggered by double exchange interaction over heteronuclear metal-organic framework.

Heteronuclear metal-organic frameworks (MOF) possesses the different polyhedral structural units readily trigger the unique double-exchange interaction (DEI), which is anticipated to activate inert CC triple bond and further enhance the electrocatalytic acetylene semihydrogenation activity. Herein, a novel BTC-Co-O-Cu-BTA (BTC = benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid; BTA = 1,2,4,5 benzene tetraamine) MOF is designed that realized a remarkably ameliorative ethylene partial current density of -149.4 mA cm and a large ethylene Faradaic efficiency of 91.

Genetic diversity and relationships of broomcorn millet based on trnT-trnL and GBSSI sequences.

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is the oldest crop originating in China. The routes of transmission have been the focus of broomcorn millet research.

Theogallin Protects Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting the Interleukin-17 Signaling Pathway.

Tea polyphenols have been shown to prevent cardiovascular disease through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Theogallin, a phenolic acid derived from gallic and quinic acids, is a unique polyphenolic compound found in teas. Its preventive effect on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear.

Study on the chemical modification of polysaccharides from and the structure-activity relationship after modification.

Polysaccharides extracted from edible and medicinal fungi have attracted much attention due to their various biological activities, including their antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects. , a wild mushroom species valued for its high economic, nutritional, and health-promoting potential, has drawn increasing interest in recent years. In this paper, polysaccharide (HLP) from was extracted using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (EMImBr) combined with ultrasound, followed by purification through ethanol precipitation, deproteinization via the Sevage method, dialysis, DEAE-52 ion-exchange chromatography, and Sephadex G-100 gel column chromatography to obtain homogeneous components.

Research on the recovery and purification of lead ions from the aqueous leachate of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash.

The incineration of municipal solid waste generates a significant amount of MSWIFA, which poses environmental risks due to its high chlorine and lead content, hindering its resourceful utilization. Firstly, water washing is used to remove chlorine and heavy metals from the MSWIFA, followed by a combination of CO aeration and acid leaching to recover lead from the aqueous leachate and purify the lead in the CO precipitate. According to the research results, the MSWIFA from waste incineration was pre-treated with a single water washing at 500 r/min with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5 for 10 min.