Fabrication of Cu-Al-Mn-Ti Shape Memory Alloys via Selective Laser Melting and Its Nano-Precipitation Strengthening.

A Cu-11.85Al-3.2Mn-0.

Risk and Burden of Preterm Birth Associated with Prenatal Exposure to Ambient PM: National Birth Cohort Analysis in the Iranian Population.

Preterm birth (PTB) is a major global public health concern with substantial impacts on neonatal morbidity and mortality. There is a growing body of evidence linking maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) with PTB, and national birth cohort data from the Middle East remains sparse. We analyzed 3,839,531 singleton live births in Iran from 2013 to 2018.

Effects of guest molecular occupancy and electric field on thermal conductivity of CO2 hydrates.

CO2 hydrate technology plays a pivotal role in carbon dioxide capture/storage, gas separation, and natural gas recovery from natural gas hydrates, while simultaneously serving as a cost-effective phase-change material for thermal energy storage. The thermal transport characteristics of CO2 hydrates are of particular importance in these promising applications. Here, the role of CO2 molecular occupancy and external electric fields on the thermal conductivity (κ) of sI-type CO2 hydrates is explored using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations.

Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of the SOS1 gene family in the medicinal plant under salt stress.

is a commercially important ornamental and traditional medicinal plant esteemed in China. Salt stress is a widespread abiotic stress that significantly affects plant growth and development, and moderate stress can significantly promote the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites, requiring clarification of its underlying molecular mechanisms. The Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) gene family is essential for salt stress tolerance, encoding Na/H antiporters that preserve ion homeostasis and reduce cellular damage.

Monitoring the Chemical Transformation and Detoxification Process of Herbs during Processing by Maximum-Quantum Filter NMR Spectroscopy.

Processing is an ancient technique to make Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) more effective or less toxic; however, the traditional process control for processing is empirical, and it is highly desired to monitor chemical markers that are pharmacologically or toxicologically relevant to evaluate such processing practice, but this task is challenging due to the complexity of natural products. The processing of herbs is a classic case in TCM practice. Traditional processing operations, such as boiling or steaming, are needed to detoxify the herbs before their medicinal use, so holistic analysis of toxic substances is meaningful for safety assessment of the processed herbs.

Association between in utero exposure to organochlorine pesticides and steroids in cord blood.

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are endocrine disruptors, and previous studies have shown that OCPs exposure is associated with hormone levels in the general population. However, there is limited evidence regarding the effects of prenatal OCPs exposure on steroid concentrations in offspring. To explore the association between prenatal OCPs exposure and offspring steroid levels, we designed a cross-sectional study including 981 mother-infant pairs.

A multi-chamber membrane separation electrophoresis system supporting bio-affinity screening and evaluation of potential bioactive compounds in complex Chinese medicine.

An integrated platform of screening multi-compounds and evaluating bio-affinity is critical to explain the molecular mechanism of complex herbal medicine on various diseases. Here we developed a micro- and multi-chamber membrane separation electrophoresis system (MCMSE) based on the concept of bio-affinity, chamber-electrophoresis and membrane separation. It can enable simultaneous, rapid and high-throughput screening of multi- potential bioactive components in <15 min at low voltage (<35 V), which maintains the dynamic and original structure of biomacromolecules without immobilization.

Surface plasmon resonance biosensor chips: Fabrications and pharmaceutical applications.

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors have emerged as powerful analytical tools for label-free, real-time monitoring of biomolecular interactions in pharmaceutical research. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in SPR biosensor technology, with an emphasis on novel surface modification strategies, immobilization chemistries, and nanomaterial integration. Unlike previous reviews, this work systematically compares the performance of various SPR chip designs- such as self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), carboxymethylated dextran (CMD), and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-functionalized platforms, highlighting their advantages and limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and reusability.

Mediating Effect of Self-Efficacy Between Self-Perceived Burden and End-of-Life Communication Difficulties in Cancer Patients.

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of cancer patient self-efficacy in linking self-perceived burden to end-of-life communication difficulties. The participants and setting are conveniently selected cancer patients from three hospitals in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, from December 2022 to May 2023 as the study subjects. Questionnaires were administered using the General Information Questionnaire, Self-Perceived Burden (SPBS), Self-Efficacy Scale (SUPPH), and Difficulties in End-of-Life Discussions-Family Inventory (DEOLD-FI).

Utilization and Advancement of an Electrolyte Containing Mixed Electrolyte Salts in Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices Mainly Based on Lithium-Ion Batteries.

An electrolyte salt as an indispensable component has a dramatic impact on the performance of electrochemical energy storage devices. However, every electrolyte salt cannot satisfy all the needs of an electrolyte for rechargeable batteries. For example, in lithium-ion batteries, shortages like the decomposition of the lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)-based electrolyte at high temperature, the corrosion to the Al cathodic current collector of the lithium difluorosulfonamide (LiFSI)- or lithium bistrifluoromethanesulfonylimide (LiTFSI)-based electrolyte, the low conductivity of the lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF)-based electrolyte, and the inappropriately stable electrochemical windows of the lithium difluorooxalateborate (LiDFOB)- or lithium bisoxalatoborate (LiBOB)-based electrolyte restrict further development of the single lithium salt-based electrolyte for the rechargeable batteries.

Screening of ligands for carbonic anhydrase II from traditional Chinese medicine Kansui by combination of in silico target prediction, surface plasmon resonance, and UPLC-HR-MS/MS.

Screening of ligands from natural products, especially traditional herbs, has always been an important pathway for drug discovery. In the current work, we present a strategy for the screening of active substances from TCM by combination of in silico target prediction, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and UPLC-HR-MS/MS, using Kansui as an illustration. In the first, in silico target prediction of diterpenoids from Kansui was performed, aiming to improve the success rate of screening.

A Multidrug-Resistant Caused the Death of the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle ().

The rapid increase in drug resistance in recent years has become a significant global public health concern. are ubiquitous bacteria, widely distributed in various environments. This study isolated a bacterial strain (HD-593) from diseased Chinese soft-shelled turtles ().

Structure Characterization and Products Control of Technical Chlorinated Paraffins by Direct Injection Mass Spectrometry With Data Deconvolution and H NMR With Chemometrics Tools.

The diverse industrial use of chlorinated paraffins (CPs) have led to their environmental dispersion, and special attention has been paid to their ecotoxicology. Among them, short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) have been listed as potential persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, currently, technical CPs produced by manufacturers are usually labeled by their chlorination degree, but such structural label is not enough to reflect CPs' environmental fate and toxicity.

Pd/NBE-Catalyzed One-Pot Modular Synthesis of Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines.

Tetrahydro-γ-carbolines are especially outstanding fused heterocyclic ring systems possessing significant biological activities in the central nervous system. Here, using commercially available NBE derivatives (NBEs), we report an efficient protocol for the one-pot modular synthesis of 4-substituted tetrahydro-γ-carbolines via Catellani/aza-Michael addition cascade from easily available 3-iodo-1-tosyl-1-indole, aziridines and olefins. This approach exhibits a wide substrate scope, good yields, scalability, and potential extension toward the synthesis of Mebhydroline analogues.

Preparation of Temperature-Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Cryogel for Specific Recognition of Proteins.

In order to maintain the stability of the structure of protein molecules and improve the recognition during the separation process, molecular imprinting technology is combined with freeze polymerization to synthesize molecular imprinting cryogels (MICs). This study uses bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a template protein, low critical cosolubility temperature (LCST)-type ionic liquids as temperature-sensitive functional monomers, imidazole ionic liquids, and acrylamides as auxiliary functional monomers to prepare MICs with specific recognition, temperature sensitivity, interpenetrating macroporous structure, and large specific surface area. The MICs prepared at freezing temperature have uniform macroporous structures and good mechanical properties, which is conducive to the improvement of the mass transfer and adsorption capacities.

The combined effect of CRP and blood pressure on the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

To examine the effects of C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood pressure (BP) on the risk of all-cause mortality in diabetic patients. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Participants with type 2 diabetes in 2011 (baseline) and participated at least one subsequent survey (2013, 2015, and 2018) were included in this study.

A Comprehensive Review of Instrumentation and Applications in Post-Column and In-Source Derivatization for LC-MS.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has become an indispensable tool for elucidating molecular structures and quantifying diverse compounds within complex mixtures. Despite its versatility, it faces various challenges such as ion suppression, low sensitivity, analyte instability, and matrix effects, which are being overcome by different kinds of offline and online derivatization techniques to improve specificity and reduce potential interferences. In this context, considerable advancements have been made in reviewing and critically evaluating a wide range of developed methods and techniques; however, little attention has been given to post-column derivatization (PCD) in LC-MS.

An efficient approach to probe bioactive components of herbal patches by 2D-carbon microfiber fractionation and multi-chamber membrane separation electrophoresis: Spatholobus suberectus Dunn as a case.

Herbal patches are widely used in clinics for their good curative effects. However, due to the complexity of plant matrices and the extremely low content of transdermal components, the individuation of their effective bioactive compounds represents a challenge: there is then a great need for an efficient method to reveal the bioactive ingredients of herbal patches. In this work, a wide-screening approach is proposed to an individuation of transdermal bioactive components in herbal patches obtained by Spatholobus suberectus Dunn (S.

Opportunities and challenges in the application of single-cell transcriptomics in plant tissue research.

Single-cell transcriptomics overcomes the limitations of conventional transcriptome methods by isolating and sequencing RNA from individual cells, thus capturing unique expression values for each cell. This technology allows unprecedented precision in observing the stochasticity and heterogeneity of gene expression within cells. However, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) experiments often fail to capture all cells and genes comprehensively, and single-modality data is insufficient to explain cell states and systemic changes.

Thermal transformations and dissociations in polycrystalline COhydrates.

COhydrates show promising application in COsequestration, as well as natural gas recovering from hydrate-bearing sediments, in which the stability of COhydrates plays a vital role in these practical applications. Here, we report the thermal dissociation and cage transformations in polycrystalline COhydrates via high-throughput molecular dynamics simulations and machine learning (ML). It is revealed that the melting points of polycrystalline COhydrates (PCO2H) are dictated by the microstructural cages, in which the 5, 56and 456cages predominate.

Pegylated NIR Fluorophore-Conjugated OBHSA Prodrug for ERα-Targeted Theranostics with Enhanced Imaging and Long-Term Retention.

In recent years, the near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence theranostic system has garnered increasing attention for its advantages in the simultaneous diagnosis- and imaging-guided delivery of therapeutic drugs. However, challenges such as strong background fluorescence signals and rapid metabolism have hindered the achievement of sufficient contrast between tumors and surrounding tissues, limiting the system's applicability. This study aims to integrate the pegylation strategy with a tumor microenvironment-responsive approach.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: New Thinking on Diagnostic Criteria.

Currently, there is a lack of standardized diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), making it a subject of ongoing debate. The optimal diagnostic method and screening strategy for GDM remain contentious. In this review, we summarize the criteria and methods for diagnosing GDM, and perform a comparison between universal and selective screening strategies.