Implementation of inline Raman spectroscopy for buffer exchange monitoring in monoclonal antibody formulation.

Buffer exchange is a critical step in the formulation of monoclonal antibodies, as it ensures protein stability in an appropriate medium. Traditional offline methods used to monitor this process are slow and provide delayed feedback. In contrast, Raman spectroscopy offers a fast, inline, non-invasive alternative that aligns with the principles of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) and Quality by Design (QbD).

A switched optimal control strategy in human balancing on a harmonically moving platform.

Postural balance is crucial for human daily activities, and understanding the neural-motor control mechanisms underlying balance performance is essential for improving diagnosis and intervention strategies for balance disorders. This study focuses on the human standing balance task on a harmonically moving platform with anterior-posterior translation, exploring the neural-motor control logic using a switched control strategy. It is hypothesized that humans switch between optimal energy gains and optimal decay gains to maintain balance in a safe and energy-efficient manner with the usage of optimal decay gains being closely related to balancing ability.

PET-leveraged ALDH probe toward cancer stem cells.

Developing novel aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) probes is essential for enhancing the localization and visualization of cancer stem cells (CSCs) by improving specificity and signal-to-noise ratios. This study introduces four new ALDH fluorescent probes (AldeCou1-4), designed using a coumarin-linker-benzaldehyde scaffold. Among them, AldeCou-1 exhibits a significant Stokes shift of 125 nm (/ = 380/505 nm), which enhances the signal-to-noise ratio and minimizes inner-filter effects.

Associations of blood pressure fluctuation patterns with cognitive function: the mediating role of cumulative blood pressure.

Background: The impact of different fluctuation patterns of blood pressure (BP) on episodic memory remains underexplored, and the role of cumulative BP in this association remains unclear.

Methods: Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 6563 participants aged 45 years or more were analyzed. BP was measured in wave 1 (2011), wave 2 (2013), and wave 3 (2015).

Rodent models of Alzheimer's disease: Critical analysis of current hypotheses and pathways for future research.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) was first described over a century ago. However, the mechanisms underlying the disease are not well understood to this day. This has negatively impacted our ability to create animal models to design and test targeted reliable treatments for the disease.

Hepatoprotective potential of Diospyros melanoxylon (Roxb.) leaf extract by inhibition of IL-6, COX-2, and 5-LOX expression in paracetamol intoxicated rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Diospyros melanoxylon, Roxb., (Ebenaceae), native to South and Southeast Asia, has been traditionally used to treat liver disorders, jaundice, tuberculosis, and chronic wounds and inflammatory conditions.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of D.

The effect of age, education, and vocabulary size on the speed of word recognition across the lifespan.

Age and language experience both shape the speed of visual word recognition for children and adults. There is a considerable debate in the literature regarding whether these effects are primarily facilitating or impeding and whether the influences of age and language experience can be distinct and delineated. In order to address these questions, we collected data from Hungarian participants, analyzing data from 80 children (ages 9-17) and 387 adults (ages 18-90), on 250 words in an online visual lexical decision task.

Design method of a bidirectional flow meter for a metered dose inhaler.

This paper presents the design of a bidirectional flow meter for metered-dose inhalers, addressing the challenge of accurately measuring airflow over vastly different ranges: 0-150 L/min for inhalation and up to 700 L/min for exhalation to capture peak expiratory flow. The design process utilized numerical simulations to understand the complex flow physics and a series of physical measurements to determine the precise influence of two critical geometric parameters: the width and height of the proposed flow element. Results demonstrate a predictable quadratic relationship between pressure drop and flow rate in both directions.

Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on Glycemic Index: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose: Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major catechin found in green tea, has been suggested to influence glycemic control. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of EGCG on the glycemic index (GI) and related glycemic parameters.

Methods: Using predefined keywords, online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar) were searched for relevant studies, published from inception up to May 2024.

Digital Eye Strain Monitoring for One-Hour Smartphone Engagement Through Eye Activity Measurement System.

Smartphones have revolutionized our daily lives, becoming portable pocket computers with easy internet access. India, the second-highest smartphone and internet user, experienced a significant rise in smartphone usage between 2013 and 2024. Prolonged smartphone use, exceeding 20 min at a time, can lead to physical and mental health issues, including psychophysiological disorders.

Personality traits and organizational influences on safety-awareness.

This study examined which personality traits and organizational factors are relevant in predicting safety-awareness behavior among physical workers. Data for this study were obtained from a Hungarian electricity company characterized as a high-risk organization ( = 588). An empirical illustration is provided using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis.

Mining of the Streptome Database for Hunting Putative Candidates to Allosterically Inhibit the Dengue Virus (Serotype 2) RdRp.

In the last few decades, the dengue virus, a prevalent flavivirus, has demonstrated various epidemiological, economic, and health impacts around the world. Dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) plays a vital role in dengue-associated mortality. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of DENV2 is a charming druggable target owing to its crucial function in viral reproduction.

Multi-Objective Optimization of Surface Roughness, Cutting Force, and Temperature in Ultrasonic-Vibration-Assisted Milling of Titanium Alloy.

Titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V) are widely used in the aerospace field. However, as a typical difficult-to-machine material, titanium alloys have a low thermal conductivity, a high chemical activity, and a significant adiabatic shear effect. In conventional milling (CM), the temperature in the cutting zone rises sharply, leading to tool adhesion, rapid wear, and damage to the workpiece surface.

Multidomain Molecular Sensor Devices, Systems, and Algorithms for Improved Physiological Monitoring.

Molecular sensor systems, e.g., implantables and wearables, provide extensive health-related monitoring.

Adaptive Image Deblurring Convolutional Neural Network with Meta-Tuning.

Motion blur is a complex phenomenon caused by the relative movement between an observed object and an imaging sensor during the exposure time, resulting in degradation in the image quality. Deep-learning-based methods, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have shown promise in motion deblurring. However, the small kernel sizes of CNNs limit their ability to achieve optimal performance.

Intelligent Vehicle Target Detection Algorithm Based on Multiscale Features.

To address the issues of false detections and missed detections in object detection for intelligent driving scenarios, this study focuses on optimizing the YOLOv10 algorithm to reduce model complexity while enhancing detection accuracy. The method involves three key improvements. First, it involves the design of multi-scale flexible convolution (MSFC), which can capture multi-scale information simultaneously, thereby reducing network stacking and computational load.

Characterization of a Thermostable α-Amylase from 104.K for Industrial Applications.

This study describes the characterization of a novel thermostable α-amylase from a 104.K strain isolated from the Kashkadarya region of Uzbekistan. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the thermostable α-amylase belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 13 subfamily 5 (GH13_5) and shares high sequence similarity with known α-amylases.

Underfill: A Review of Reliability Improvement Methods in Electronics Production.

The increasing integration and miniaturization of electronic devices place serious pressure on packaging technologies to ensure long-term reliability. Polymer underfill encapsulation is a key process for reducing thermomechanical stress in modern assemblies. A systematic analysis that frames its diverse methods as solutions to the fundamental trade-off between the final polymer composite's thermomechanical performance and its liquid-state processability is lacking from the literature.

Effects of Milling Parameters on Residual Stress and Cutting Force.

The 7075-T7451 aluminum alloy, widely used in aerospace, aviation, and automotive fields for critical load-bearing components due to its excellent mechanical properties, suffers from residual stresses induced by thermo-mechanical coupling during milling, which deteriorate workpiece performance. This study explores how key milling parameters-spindle speed *n*, feed per tooth *f*, cutting depth *a*, and cutting width *a*-affect surface residual stress and cutting force via orthogonal experiments and finite element analysis (FEA). Results show *a* is critical for X-direction residual stresses, while *f* dominates Y-direction ones.

Correction: Garmaa et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of microRNA Profiling Studies in Chronic Kidney Diseases. 2024, , 30.

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Genome-wide investigation of peptides containing tyrosine sulfation (PSY) gene family: identification, evolutionary and expression analysis in soybean (Glycine max L.).

Background: Soybean is a fundamental oilseed crop, recognized for its notable protein and oil levels. Tyrosine Sulfation (PSY) genes play an essential role in plant growth, development, and responses to stress. However, the precise functions and mechanisms regulated by PSY are still being explored.

Oncology stewardship: A narrative review of principles and practices.

IntroductionThe rising costs, complexity, and ethical challenges of anticancer therapies have created an urgent need for structured frameworks to ensure clinical efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and equitable access. Oncology stewardship (OS) has emerged as a promising model to optimize oncology pharmacotherapy and resource allocation. However, the lack of a unified model for OS implementation and evaluation represents a critical gap.

Driving after stroke: A trichotomous logistic regression model to support decision making in uncertain cases.

Background: Assessing fitness to drive after stroke is a complex clinical task, as even mild cognitive deficits can undermine safety. Due to the substantial overlap in cognitive test results between safe and unsafe drivers, binary classification models inevitably carry a risk of misclassification. This study aimed to develop and validate a logistic regression model that introduces a third, indeterminate category - leaving room for clinicians to withhold judgment in uncertain cases and thereby support more cautious, evidence-based decisions.

Unveiling novel steady-state phosphorus removal equilibrium in partial nitritation/Anammox-hydroxyapatite process: underlying mechanisms and microbial metabolism.

The partial nitritation/Anammox-hydroxyapatite (PN/A-HAP) process enables economical nitrogen and phosphorus removal. This study conducted long-term continuous experiments to evaluate the feasibility of the single-stage PN/A-HAP reactor for low-phosphorus wastewater treatment. An equilibrium limitation of the total phosphorus concentration in the effluent (TP) under controlled conditions was identified.

Aqueduct-fourth ventricle-cisterna magna shunting as a prophylactic procedure for postoperative hydrocephalus in selective fourth ventricular tumors: A retrospective study.

Surgery for fourth ventricular tumors (FVT) is plagued by potential CSF blockage after the tumor removal due to a plethora of reasons. Thus, we explored the use of aqueduct-fourth ventricle-cisterna magna (AFVCM) shunting as prophylactic procedure for postoperative hydrocephalus after FVT resection. We retrospectively gathered the data of patients who underwent surgery of the fourth ventricle tumor between January 2019 and December 2021 at the Department of Neurosurgery in West China Hospital of Sichuan University.