Aqueduct-fourth ventricle-cisterna magna shunting as a prophylactic procedure for postoperative hydrocephalus in selective fourth ventricular tumors: A retrospective study.

Surgery for fourth ventricular tumors (FVT) is plagued by potential CSF blockage after the tumor removal due to a plethora of reasons. Thus, we explored the use of aqueduct-fourth ventricle-cisterna magna (AFVCM) shunting as prophylactic procedure for postoperative hydrocephalus after FVT resection. We retrospectively gathered the data of patients who underwent surgery of the fourth ventricle tumor between January 2019 and December 2021 at the Department of Neurosurgery in West China Hospital of Sichuan University.

Comparison of Stent-Assisted and Non-Stent-Assisted coil embolization in the treatment of Wide-Neck intracranial aneurysms: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) and non-stent-assisted coiling (NSAC) in the treatment of wide-neck intracranial aneurysms (WNAs).

Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted to compare SAC and NSAC in treating WNAs. Primary outcomes were aneurysm occlusion rates and perioperative complication rates.

Surgical advances in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, represents a significant global health challenge with profound implications for patients and their families. Despite decades of intensive research efforts, no curative treatment for AD currently exists. In recent years, surgical interventions have emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue, offering potential for disease modification and symptom management.

Double spinal dural arteriovenous fistula with multiple draining veins: A case report.

Rationale: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs) are acquired arteriovenous shunts that occurs in the layers of the dura. Double-level SDAVFs with multiple draining veins are extremely rare. We present a rare case of double-level SDAVFs with multiple draining veins which was successfully managed in our hybrid theater.

Dural arteriovenous fistula with internal jugular venous drainage in the foramen magnum: A case report.

Rationale: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), are rare intracranial arteriovenous malformations which are depicted with direct shunts between meningeal arteries and dural sinuses, dural veins, or cortical veins. We reported a rare case of DAVF in the foramen magnum (FM) which was drained by the jugular veins and the perimedullary veins.

Patient Concerns: A 53-year-old male patient was admitted at the Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital 5 hours after experiencing a severe headache.

Cerebrospinal fluid leakage after retrosigmoid craniotomy and craniectomy for cerebellopontine angle tumors: A comparative retrospective study.

The incidence of CSF leakage after surgery is very critical in the management of patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors. The aim of our current study is to compare the outcome of retrosigmoid craniotomy and craniectomy in terms of the rate of postoperative CSF leakages and burdens such as in-hospital stay and cost on patients. In this comparative retrospective study, data was retrieved to identify the patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniotomy and craniectomy from January 2019 to December 2022 at Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital.

Elucidating the Pivotal Neuroprotective Mechanisms and Therapeutic Variants of Erythropoietin in Neonatal Brain Injury.

Neonatal brain injury (NBI) encompasses a variety of neurological acquired conditions affecting newborns. These conditions include hypoxia-ischemia, hyperoxic, periventricular leukomalacia, intrauterine infection, as well as perinatal cerebral hemorrhage. Each year, thousands of babies are born with signs of brain injury.

The Pivotal Role of Irradiation-induced Autophagy Mechanisms in Glioma Therapy.

Glioma epitomizes exclusively primary brain cancer of glial cell or neuroepithelial derivation and irradiation (IR) is one of the key and standard treatment modalities for all kinds of gliomas. Patients with glioma often undergo IR, such as whole-brain radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, as well as intensity modulated radiation therapy. However, IR therapy for malignant glioma is still facing severe hindrances because gliomas have high resistance to the IR.

Building a new score system for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of typical CLL/SLL, atypical CLL/SLL, and MCL based on the flow cytometry immunophenotyping.

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of typical lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)/Small lymphocytic lymphoma(SLL) especially atypical CLL/SLL (aCLL/SLL), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remains highly challenging. Thus, we evaluated the accuracy of the combination of the Moreau score system (MSS) indicators (markers), with three new indicators CD19/CD20 ratio, CD200, and CD43 in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of typical CLL/SLL, atypical CLL/SLL, and MCL. We retrospectively retrieved data from peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes of 120 patients comprising 64 typical CLL, 10 atypical CLL, and 46 MCL from March 2020 to September 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.

Pathological Mechanisms of Irradiation-Induced Neurological Deficits in the Developing Brain.

Cranial irradiation or radiotherapy (CRT) is one of the essential therapeutic modalities for central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and its efficacy is well known. Nevertheless, CRT is also associated with brain damages such as focal cerebral necrosis, neuroinflammation, cerebral microvascular anomalies, neurocognitive dysfunction, and hormone deficiencies in children. Children's brains are much more sensitive to CRT compared to the adult's brains.

The ERAS nursing care strategy for patients undergoing transsphenoidal endoscopic pituitary tumor resection: A randomized blinded controlled trial.

Introduction: Transsphenoidal endoscopic pituitary (TEP) tumor resection is performed through the nose via the sphenoid sinus to remove tumors from the pituitary gland. Also, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) was adapted to reduce physical and physiological traumatic stress response of surgical patients.

Methods: A total of 174 patients who underwent TEP tumor resection in our department from August 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into non-ERAS group and ERAS group.

Neurotrophins as Potential Gene Therapy Targets for Huntington's Disease.

"Huntington's disease" (HD) is an autosomal dominant hereditary neurodegenerative disease characterized by defects in efferent striatal neurons, cortical neurons, and the basal ganglia. The pathogenesis of HD is still unclear, and there is currently no curative therapy for this disorder. This review emphasizes the potential beneficial effects of various neurotrophic factors in HD.

Case report: Intradural-extramedullary cervical spine clear cell meningioma mimicking a schwannoma in a child.

Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is an exceedingly rare subtype of meningioma, with spinal occurrences being even more uncommon. It predominantly affects children and is characterized by a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis, posing significant challenges for clinical treatment. Currently, gross total resection (GTR) is the best approach to reduce recurrence and improve prognosis in these patients.

Primary intracranial neuroendocrine tumor at the sphenoid ridge with metastasis to the spinal cord: A case report.

Rationale: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) originate from neuroendocrine cells and they are depicted with both nerve cells as well as hormone-producing cells. These tumors were initially discovered in extracranial locations and central nervous system involvement is often a result of metastasis. Herein, we present a very rare case of primary intracranial neuroendocrine tumor (PINET) that masqueraded as meningioma at the sphenoid ridge with metastasis to the spinal cord in a patient without a known history of extracranial NET at the time of diagnosis.

The pivotal role of autophagy in the pathogenesis and therapy of medulloblastoma.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in children. MB originates from neural precursor cells in distinctive regions of the rhombic lip and their maturation occurs in the cerebellum or the brain stem during embryonal development. Autophagy is also referred to as self-eating' which is a catabolic process that often triggers cellular homeostasis through the salvaging of degenerated proteins as well as organelles.

Raney clip left behind the titanium mesh after cranial surgery: Case report.

Rationale: Raney clips are commonly used in neurosurgical procedures to hold the scalp in place and stop bleeding during surgery. The removal of Raney clips is often the last process during cranial surgery prior to the closure of skin incision. Thus, a Raney clip found underneath the titanium mesh resulting in fever is a very rare occurrence.

The Pattern of Anemia in Pediatric Solid Tumors Prior to and after Chemotherapy- A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Solid pediatric tumors refer to cancers that affect children and adolescents, and they present unique challenges due to their distinct biological characteristics and their vulnerability to young patients. This study aims to shed light on addressing anemia and the causes of anemia in patients with solid pediatric tumors.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort comprised 200 healthy children as controls and 235 patients with solid tumors.

Elucidating the pivotal molecular mechanisms, therapeutic and neuroprotective effects of lithium in traumatic brain injury.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to damage to brain tissue by mechanical or blunt force via trauma. TBI is often associated with impaired cognitive abilities, like difficulties in memory, learning, attention, and other higher brain functions, that typically remain for years after the injury. Lithium is an elementary light metal that is only utilized in salt form due to its high intrinsic reactivity.

Advances in synthetic lethality modalities for glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by a high mortality rate, high resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy, and radiotherapy due to its highly aggressive nature. The pathophysiology of GBM is characterized by multifarious genetic abrasions that deactivate tumor suppressor genes, induce transforming genes, and over-secretion of pro-survival genes, resulting in oncogene sustainability. Synthetic lethality is a destructive process in which the episode of a single genetic consequence is tolerable for cell survival, while co-episodes of multiple genetic consequences lead to cell death.

The pivotal role of irradiation-induced apoptosis in the pathogenesis and therapy of medulloblastoma.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a rare primitive neuroectodermal tumors originating from the cerebellum. MB is the most common malignant primary brain tumor of childhood. MB originates from neural precursor cells in distinctive regions of the rhombic lip, and their maturation occurs in the cerebellum or the brain stem during embryonal development.

Aflatoxin B induces infertility, fetal deformities, and potential therapies.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a subsidiary poisonous metabolite, archetypally spawned by and which are often isolated in warm or tropical countries across the world. AFB is capable of disrupting the functioning of several reproductive endocrine glands by interrupting the enzymes and their substrates that are liable for the synthesis of various hormones in both males and females. In men, AFB is capable of hindering testicular development, testicular degeneration, and reduces reproductive capabilities.

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm Shaped Like a "Calabash Gourd" and Mimicking a Tumor.

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms are likely to be fusiform, yet they hardly enlarge to mimic a tumor in the posterior fossa on radiology. They constitute about 3%-4% of all cerebral aneurysms. A 65-year-old woman presented with tremor in her right upper limb for 1 year and intermittent dizziness for 8 months.