Optimizing recycled aggregate concrete performance with chemically and mechanically activated fly ash in combination with coconut fiber.

As a matter of fact, although RCA is inferior to that of NA (natural aggregate) in terms of performance, RCA is currently being used extensively in concrete production as a sustainable solution due to global increasing construction waste. To overcome these limitations, several mechanisms and supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) have been investigated in the recent past. This study investigates the combined effect of natural fiber coconut (0%, 0.

Artificial intelligence-based risk assessment tools for sexual, reproductive and mental health: a systematic review.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), which emulates human intelligence through knowledge-based heuristics, has transformative impacts across various industries. In the global healthcare sector, there is a pressing need for advanced risk assessment tools due to the shortage of healthcare workers to manage the health needs of the growing population effectively. AI-based tools such as triage systems, symptom checkers, and risk prediction models are poised to democratize healthcare.

Multi-compartmental risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in soil, plants, and wastewater: A model from Industrial Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Heavy metal contamination in industrial-agricultural regions poses global challenges, yet comprehensive risk assessment models addressing both ecological and human health impacts are scarce. This study introduces a novel multi-compartmental risk assessment framework applied to the Saldha River region of Gazipur, Bangladesh, a rapidly industrialising area experiencing significant environmental stress. Here, we analysed eight heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, and Cd) in soil, wastewater, and plant samples (spinach, wild rice, and nut grass) via atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS).

An efficient method of modulo adder design for Digital Signal Processing applications.

Modulo adder is a widely used arithmetic component in many Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications such as Finite Impulse Response (FIR), Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) filters, digital signal processors, image processing modules, discrete cosine transform, and cryptography. Therefore, in this paper, the critical path delay and area of modulo adder are analyzed. An optimized diminished-one modulo adder for is proposed based on the analysis results.

Study on Relationship Between Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Characteristics of Mortars by Using Digital Image Correlation Method (DICM).

The evaluation of water absorption in concrete is regarded as an important indicator for assessing the causes of its deterioration and durability. Traditionally adopted methods for durability assessment in concrete materials, however, lack in providing real-time monitoring of the absorption process and information about the material deformability at surfaces (volumetric changes) caused by swelling in cement hydrates (i.e.

Sustainable Biopolymer Colloids: Advances in Morphology for Enhanced Functionalities.

Biobased polymers such as cellulose, chitin/chitosan, starch, alginate, and lignin are making inroads as sustainable, environmentally safe and biodegradable alternatives to synthetic colloidal materials. This perspective summarizes recent developments in preparation techniques, identifies critical barriers, and proposes future directions for improving the performance and applicability of biopolymer colloidal structures. A major focus is the sustainable colloids morphology as a means of introducing functionality without chemical modification.

Solvation-mediated adsorption mechanism of solvated lithium ions at a charged solid-liquid interface for electrochemical energy storage: atomic scale investigation and insights.

Ion encapsulation by solvent molecules significantly impacts ion transport and the adsorption mechanism in energy storage devices. The aim of this investigation is to analyse the adsorption mechanisms associated with the solvation shell of lithium ions near the electrode/electrolyte interface during the charging process. Simulations using molecular dynamics (MD) are conducted for LiPF salt in PC solvent confined in between two flat carbon electrodes.

BWM analysis of online and offline learning effectiveness in Bangladesh.

The shift to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic presented significant challenges and opportunities, particularly in developing nations like Bangladesh, where digital infrastructure is limited. This study compares the effectiveness of online and offline learning for Bangladeshi engineering students using the Best Worst Method (BWM), a robust decision-making tool that simplifies the analysis by focusing on the best and worst criteria, ensuring consistency and accuracy. Eight key factors, including cost, flexibility, learning effectiveness, and technological challenges, were evaluated to identify the distinct strengths and limitations of each learning modality.

A comparative study of steam gasification and combustion methods for landfill stale waste (LSW) treatment.

Landfill stale waste (LSW) poses considerable environmental issues, especially concerning methane emissions and the ecosystem contamination. This research investigates the potential for energy recovery and the emission profiles of LSW combustibles via steam gasification at various temperatures (700, 750, 800, and 850 °C) and combustion at 850 °C, utilizing a fixed-bed reactor and TG-DSC analysis. Our findings indicate that steam gasification conducted at 850 °C yields a high-quality syngas with a hydrogen concentration of 46.

(Z)-N-(3-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-4-heptyl-4-hydroxythiazolidin-2-ylidene)-4-bromobenzamide as carbonic anhydrase inhibitor: exploration of its in vitro and in silico studies.

Human Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) have been clinically used to treat a variety of disorders, such as cancer, obesity, haemolytic anaemia, glaucoma, retinopathy, and epilepsy. To develop a Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor, Iminothiazoline analogue ((Z)-N-(3-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-4-heptyl-4-hydroxythiazolidin-2-ylidene)-4-bromobenzamide) was synthesized and characterized. Single crystal X-Ray diffraction studies and Hirshfeld surface analysis (HSA) were conducted to find the exact molecular structure as well as intermolecular interactions.

A dual-functional needle-based VOC sensing platform for rapid vegetable phenotypic classification.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are common constituents of fruits, vegetables, and crops, and are closely associated with their quality attributes, such as firmness, sugar level, ripeness, translucency, and pungency levels. While VOCs are vital for assessing vegetable quality and phenotypic classification, traditional detection methods, such as Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) are limited by expensive equipment, complex sample preparation, and slow turnaround time. Additionally, the transient nature of VOCs complicates their detection using these methods.

Impact of machine learning on dietary and exercise behaviors in type 2 diabetes self-management: a systematic literature review.

Self-awareness and self-management in diabetes are critical as they enhance patient well-being, decrease financial burden, and alleviate strain on healthcare systems by mitigating complications and promoting healthier life expectancy. Incomplete understanding persists regarding the synergistic effects of diet and exercise on diabetes management, as existing research often isolates these factors, creating a knowledge gap in comprehending their combined influence. Current diabetes research overlooks the interplay between diet and exercise in self-management.

Lightweight-CancerNet: a deep learning approach for brain tumor detection.

Detecting brain tumors in medical imaging is challenging, requiring precise and rapid diagnosis. Deep learning techniques have shown encouraging results in this field. However, current models require significant computer resources and are computationally demanding.

Defect functionalized morphological, structural, and optical properties of MnS incorporated MoS heterostructure: Experimental and theoretical insight.

The low-cost hydrothermal method has been successfully applied to synthesize MnS-incorporated MoS nanoflowers (MoS/MnS). The FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman, UV-VIS, and density functional theory (DFT) were used to investigate the surface morphology, structural property, optical property, and simulated optical and dielectric properties. FE-SEM and TEM images reveal the 3D flower-like structure of MoS and the flower-like structure of the nanocomposite.

An alignment-free method for phylogeny estimation using maximum likelihood.

Background: While alignment has traditionally been the primary approach for establishing homology prior to phylogenetic inference, alignment-free methods offer a simplified alternative, particularly beneficial when handling genome-wide data involving long sequences and complex events such as rearrangements. Moreover, alignment-free methods become crucial for data types like genome skims, where assembly is impractical. However, despite these benefits, alignment-free techniques have not gained widespread acceptance since they lack the accuracy of alignment-based techniques, primarily due to their reliance on simplified models of pairwise distance calculation.

Potential of roughening geometric elements as bridge pier local scour countermeasures.

The safety of bridges can be endangered by sediment erosion occurring around bridge piers. To mitigate this issue, this study examined the use of different roughening geometric elements (RGEs) on the upstream surface of bridge piers. Keeping the clear-water conditions, laboratory experiments were conducted using five RGEs and their one-to-one ten combinations, along with two square pier dimensions, and three separate flow water depths.

Enhanced electromechanical performance of Si-modified lead-free BiFeO3-BaTiO3 ceramics for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.

Environmental pollution generated by industrial wastes are deteriorating land, water, and marine life, which raises major concerns about climate change. Since environmentally friendly piezoelectric materials can generate clean energy by applying mechanical forces, they are seen as viable agents for industrial applications. In recent research work, the Si-modified 0.

CFD based neural network model framework for mixed convection in a lid-driven cavity with conductive cylinder.

The current study investigates the application of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to analyze and predict mixed convection heat transfer within a 2-dimensional square cavity with a conductive cylinder at the centre. The top lid of the cavity is maintained at a constant cold temperature and slides with a constant linear velocity, while the bottom wall is heated to maintain a constant temperature. The governing equations are discretized using Galerkin Weighted Residual Method and numerically solved using Gauss Quadrature procedure.

Designing Chip-Feed High-Gain Millimeter-Wave Resonant Cavity Antenna (RCA) Array and Optimization of Beam Steering Metasurface.

In this article, a chip-fed millimeter-wave high-gain antenna system with in-antenna power combining capability is presented. A low-profile resonant cavity antenna (RCA) array is fed by multiple spherical dielectric resonators (DRs), demonstrating its multi-feed capabilities. Each of the DRs is fed by two microstrip resonators on a planar circuit board.

Ingestible Smart Capsules for Chemical Sensing in the Gut.

The development of novel ingestible sensors can aid physicians and patients in obtaining precise data on the health status of the gut at a local level. This in turn can facilitate earlier and more accurate disease diagnosis, improve the delivery of point-of-care medicine, and allow monitoring of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract status. This Tutorial overviews characteristics of the gut for inexpert readers and reviews emerging chemical sensing technologies for the GI tract from an analytical chemistry viewpoint.

Impact of fixed phosphorus position on activity of triazole bisphosphonates as geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibitors.

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGDPS) produces the 20-carbon isoprenoid species used in protein geranylgeranylation reactions. Inhibition of GGDPS has emerged as a novel means of disrupting the activity of geranylgeranylated proteins in cancers such as myeloma and osteosarcoma. We have focused on developing a series of isoprenoid triazole bisphosphonate-based GGDPS inhibitors, demonstrating a complex structure-activity relationship (SAR), not only at the enzymatic level, but also at the cellular and whole organism levels.

Challenges and prospects for the substitution of plastic products with jute in the context of Bangladesh-a social study.

Single-use plastics are a major environmental concern in developing countries like Bangladesh due to their non-biodegradable nature. Finding sustainable alternatives is crucial to reduce reliance on these harmful plastics and mitigate pollution. This study aims to explore the public opinions on plastic pollution and investigate the challenges and potential for substituting plastics with jute.

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts.

In the constantly growing field of environmental sustainability, the threat of newly discovered pollutants, particularly antibiotics, has become a crucial concern. The widespread presence of these pharmaceutical substances in water sources presents a complex hazard to human health and ecological balance, requiring immediate and novel intervention techniques. Regarding this, semiconductor-based photocatalysts have appeared as promising candidates, providing a sustainable and efficient way to remove antibiotics from aquatic ecosystems.