Suppression of Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation Is Associated with Upregulation of Cell-Matrix Adhesion Programs and Integrin-β4-Induced Cell Protection from Cisplatin.

: The role of extracellular matrix adhesion components in modulation of the treatment sensitivity of ovarian cancer (OC) cells is not well understood. : Analysis of ovarian cancer TCGA gene expression datasets revealed an inverse correlation between genes involved in cell-cycle progression and extracellular matrix interactions, including laminin-binding receptor integrin β4, a major component of extracellular matrix adhesion. Gene ontology analysis also showed that in patient populations with low expression, cell cycle-related programs were activated, while in populations with high expression of , the activation of these cell cycle programs was lower.

RBAD: A Dataset and Benchmark for Retinal Vessels Branching Angle Detection.

Detecting retinal image analysis, particularly the geometrical features of branching points, plays an essential role in diagnosing eye diseases. However, existing methods used for this purpose often are coarse-level and lack fine-grained analysis for efficient annotation. To mitigate these issues, this paper proposes a novel method for detecting retinal branching angles using a self-configured image processing technique.

Clinical Value of ChatGPT for Epilepsy Presurgical Decision-Making: Systematic Evaluation of Seizure Semiology Interpretation.

Background: For patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, surgical resection of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) is an effective treatment to control seizures. Accurate localization of the EZ is crucial and is typically achieved through comprehensive presurgical approaches such as seizure semiology interpretation, electroencephalography (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and intracranial EEG (iEEG). However, interpreting seizure semiology is challenging because it heavily relies on expert knowledge.

Nanoconfined Metal Halide Perovskite Crystallization within Removable Polymer Scaffolds.

Nanoconfining crystallization to access metastable polymorphs and prescribe crystal orientations typically involves filling inert nanoporous scaffolds with target compounds, resulting in isolated nanocrystals. Such crystal-scaffold composites are unsuitable for optoelectronic devices that require interconnected crystalline pathways for charge transport. Here, we reverse the order of fabricating crystal-scaffold composites by first electrospinning interconnected networks of amorphous methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI) precursor nanofibers, then introducing a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) scaffold by spin coating from an antisolvent for MAPbI.

Optically Triggered Nucleation Eliminates Hydration Hysteresis in Swelling Minerals.

Hydration hysteresis is a ubiquitous feature of water exchange between porous solids and humid vapors. Whether one or both of the hydration hysteresis loop branches is metastable remains debated due to the many possible hydration mechanisms that can cause hysteresis. Here, we show that both endothermic and exothermic phase transitions among hydration states in smectites, model compliant porous media, can be optically activated during both hydration and dehydration, indicating that both branches are metastable.

Low-cost large-area 100 GHz intelligent reflective surface: electrically column control of screen-printable high phase changing ratio vanadium dioxides.

In this paper, we propose for the first time 100 GHz intelligent reflective surface (IRS) using screen-printable, high phase changing ratio vanadium dioxide (VO). Sub-THz communications offer advantages such as ultra-high speed and ultra-low latency, it increases communication challenges due to path losses and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) problems. IRS is a representative solution to this NLOS problem.

Exploring customers' reuse intention to robots under different service failures: A mind perception perspective.

Artificial intelligence-based service robot failures (hereafter referred to as robot service failures) are inevitable in service practice, making the mitigation of their adverse effects a critical concern for service managers. The present paper investigates the unique classification of robot service failures with the help of mind perception theory and a consumer-centered perspective. Moreover, we further examine the impact of robot service failures on consumer behavioral responses (i.

Quantum Synchronization via Active-Passive Decomposition Configuration: An Open Quantum-System Study.

In this paper, we study the synchronization of dissipative quantum harmonic oscillators in the framework of a quantum open system via the active-passive decomposition (APD) configuration. We show that two or more quantum systems may be synchronized when the quantum systems of interest are embedded in dissipative environments and influenced by a common classical system. Such a classical system is typically termed a controller, which (1) can drive quantum systems to cross different regimes (e.

Operational Work Fluctuation Theorem for Open Quantum Systems.

The classical Jarzynski equality establishes an exact relation between the stochastic work performed on a system driven out of thermal equilibrium and the free energy difference in a corresponding quasistatic process. This fluctuation theorem bears experimental relevance, as it enables the determination of the free energy difference through the measurement of externally applied work in a nonequilibrium process. In the quantum case, the Jarzynski equality only holds if the measurement procedure of the stochastic work is drastically changed: it is replaced by a so-called two-point measurement scheme that requires the knowledge of the initial and final Hamiltonian and therefore lacks the predictive power for the free energy difference that the classical Jarzynski equation is known for.

Advances and applications of gut organoids: modeling intestinal diseases and therapeutic development.

Gut organoids are 3D cellular structures derived from adult or pluripotent stem cells, capable of closely replicating the physiological properties of the gut. These organoids serve as powerful tools for studying gut development and modeling the pathogenesis of intestinal diseases. This review provides an in-depth exploration of technological advancements and applications of gut organoids, with a focus on their construction methods.

Causal inference for time series datasets with partially overlapping variables.

Objective: Healthcare data provides a unique opportunity to learn causal relationships but the largest datasets, such as from hospitals or intensive care units, are often observational and do not standardize variables collected for all patients. Rather, the variables depend on a patient's health status, treatment plan, and differences between providers. This poses major challenges for causal inference, which either must restrict analysis to patients with complete data (reducing power) or learn patient-specific models (making it difficult to generalize).

The impact of psychological factors on interprofessional team collaboration in the ICU: A macro-ergonomic case study.

This cross-sectional study investigates the influence of mental well-being and conflict recognition on a team performance-related measure, interprofessional collaborative practice, of medical residents in the intensive care unit. Utilizing a sample of 44 residents from diverse demographics, we analyzed the descriptive statistics and linear regression coefficients. Results reveal significant relationships between baseline stress and anxiety levels on individual performance, with higher baseline stress correlating with decreased performance across interprofessional collaborative practice, while higher anxiety levels were associated with improved interprofessional collaborative practice.

Scalable effective electrorheological simulation based on ensembles.

A method for simulating electrorheological (ER) fluids is developed using LAMMPS (large-scale atomic, molecular massively parallel simulator) molecular dynamics simulations, aiming to model and analyze the microstructure and rheological behavior of ER fluids under an electric field. The results demonstrate that our simulation accurately captures the microstructural changes in ER fluids, and the simulation data show an impressively high level of consistency when compared directly with experimental data. The main innovation lies in our simultaneous consideration of dipole interactions, harmonic effects of ER particles, and the contact effect of electrode plates.

Synergistic effects of electrical and chemical cues with biodegradable scaffolds for large peripheral nerve defect regeneration.

Large-gap peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) are often treated with autografts, allografts, or synthetic grafts to facilitate nerve regeneration, but these options are often limited in their availability or functionality. To address these issues, we developed ionically conductive (IC) nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) of sufficient biodegradability, mechanical strength, and bioactivity to support large-gap nerve regeneration. These chitosan-based NGCs release 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) from embedded halloysite nanotubes, and the NGC's IC properties enable transcutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) without invasive electrodes.

A Risk-Based Pillar Design Approach Combining Stochastic Continuous and Discontinuous Modeling in an Underground Stone Mine.

The collapse of a mine pillar is a catastrophic event with great consequences for a mining operation. In spite of the low probability of occurrence for a pillar collapse in comparison to other ground control instability issues, these consequences make these events high risk. Therefore, the design of these structures should be considered from a risk perspective rather than from a factor-of-safety deterministic approach, as it has been traditionally done.

Accelerating high-concentration monoclonal antibody development with large-scale viscosity data and ensemble deep learning.

Highly concentrated antibody solutions are necessary for developing subcutaneous injections but often exhibit high viscosities, posing challenges in antibody-drug development, manufacturing, and administration. Previous computational models were only limited to a few dozen data points for training, a bottleneck for generalizability. In this study, we measured the viscosity of a panel of 229 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to develop predictive models for high concentration mAb screening.

MolEM: a unified generative framework for molecular graphs and sequential orders.

Structure-based drug design aims to generate molecules that fill the cavity of the protein pocket with a high binding affinity. Many contemporary studies employ sequential generative models. Their standard training method is to sequentialize molecular graphs into ordered sequences and then maximize the likelihood of the resulting sequences.

Theranostic methodology for ex vivo donor lung rehabilitation.

Background: About 80% of donor lungs are not utilized for transplantation. Cross-circulation of ex vivo lungs with a support swine enables the rehabilitation of donor lungs that are initially deemed unsuitable for transplantation. Robust therapeutic and diagnostic modalities are needed for ex vivo lung rehabilitation; however, no standardized "theranostic" methodology has been reported.

Advancing Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Innovations.

: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of preventable blindness, with its global prevalence projected to rise sharply as diabetes incidence increases. Early detection and timely management are critical to reducing DR-related vision loss. Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) now enables non-invasive, layer-specific visualization of the retinal vasculature, facilitating more precise identification of early microvascular changes.

Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using Commercially Available Sorbents.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants of growing environmental and human health concern, widely detected across various environmental compartments. Effective remediation strategies are essential to mitigate their widespread impacts. This study compared the performance of two types of commercially available sorbent materials, granular activated carbon (GAC, Filtrasorb-400) and organoclays (OC-200, and modified organoclays Fluoro-sorb-100 and Fluoro-sorb-200) for the removal of three representative PFAS compounds: perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) from water.

Development and Evaluation of a Deep Learning Algorithm to Differentiate Between Membranes Attached to the Optic Disc on Ultrasonography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to create and test a deep learning algorithm that could identify and distinguish between membranes attached to optic disc [OD; retinal detachment (RD)/posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)] based on ocular ultrasonography (USG).

Patients And Methods: We obtained a database of B-scan ultrasonography from a high-volume imaging center. A transformer-based Vision Transformer (ViT) model was employed, pre-trained on ImageNet21K, to classify ultrasound B-scan images into healthy, RD, and PVD.

Imaging-Guided Microscale Photothermal Stereolithography Bioprinting.

Stereolithography bioprinting relies heavily on costly photoinitiators for polymerization, limiting its potential for further technical advancement to meet growing needs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Thermal initiators, in contrast, are low cost, and rapid growth of the photothermal conversion field offers a wide range of materials and tools to convert light into heat. However, high-resolution photothermal stereolithography bioprinting remains unattainable due to the difficulty of confining heat in an aqueous environment.

The reliability of replications: a study in computational reproductions.

This study investigates researcher variability in computational reproduction, an activity for which it is least expected. Eighty-five independent teams attempted numerical replication of results from an original study of policy preferences and immigration. Reproduction teams were randomly grouped into a 'transparent group' receiving original study and code or 'opaque group' receiving only a method and results description and no code.

Kinetic and Mechanism Study of PFOS Removal by Microscale Zero-Valent Iron from Water.

This study compares the removal of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS, CFSOH) by microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) and activated carbon (AC) and investigates the contribution of both the magnetic and nonmagnetic portions of reacted mZVI to the removal of PFOS. Results showed that the mZVI had a significantly higher areal adsorption capacity (21 mg/m) compared to AC (0.813 mg/m).