Acoustic Manipulation of Deterministic Quantum Emitters in WSe.

Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) have recently emerged as a powerful tool for controlling excitonic states in two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides, enabling dynamic energy modulation and transport of carriers over micron-scale distances. Yet, the use of SAWs to realize direct, high-speed manipulation of site-controlled quantum emitters (QEs) in 2D materials remains largely unexplored. Here, we show acoustic manipulation of deterministic, strain-induced QEs in monolayer WSe by interfacing them with SAWs on a lithium niobate substrate.

Computational fluid dynamics and machine learning integration for evaluating solar thermal collector efficiency -Based parameter analysis.

The present paper provides a novel hybrid computational framework that integrates Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with advanced machine learning techniques to optimize solar thermal collectors employing micro-heat pipe arrays (MHPA) for food dehydration applications. The methodology addresses the fundamental challenge of balancing computational efficiency with prediction accuracy in thermal system design. A validated CFD model generated 935 numerical cases across diverse operational and design parameters, which were used to train and evaluate three machine learning algorithms: linear regression (LR), support vector regression (SVR), and artificial neural networks (ANN).

Risk analysis of disinformation weaponized against critical networks.

The vulnerability of critical networks to disinformation creates significant risks of disruption with potentially severe societal consequences. Maintaining secure and resilient networks, including infrastructure and supply chain networks, is important for ensuring economic productivity along with securing the health and well-being of society. An over-the-horizon threat to critical networks deals with adversaries who attack such networks indirectly by altering the consumption behavior of unwitting users influenced by weaponized disinformation.

The impact of AI explanations on clinicians' trust and diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer.

Advances in machine learning have created new opportunities to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical decision support systems using past clinical data and improve diagnosis decisions in life-threatening illnesses such breast cancer. Providing explanations for AI recommendations is a possible way to address trust and usability issues in black-box AI systems. This paper presents the results of an experiment to assess the impact of varying levels of AI explanations on clinicians' trust and diagnosis accuracy in a breast cancer application and the impact of demographics on the findings.

Oxidative and Hydrolytic HNO Formation from a Clinical Drug Hydroxyurea Catalyzed by Horseradish Peroxidase: Basic Mechanism, Active Site Effect, and Implications for Drug Design.

HNO plays an important role in many biological processes related to vasodilation, regulation of enzyme activities, and neurological functions. The understanding of enzymatic oxidative HNO-releasing pathways in biology remains scarce. We investigated HNO formation from a well-established small-molecule drug hydroxyurea catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (HRP).

Wearable-Derived Patterns of Performance Fatigability During Gait in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.

Introduction/aims: Despite disease-modifying therapies, fatigability persists in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Performance fatigability (PF) during the six-minute walk test (6MWT) is mostly unchanged in treated SMA. This cross-sectional study characterized PF using instrumented insoles.

Treatment Efficacy of a Dual Release of Aflibercept and Dexamethasone From a Single Hydrogel Drug Delivery System in a Rodent Model.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss for the elderly population. Wet AMD, which accounts for approximately 15% of AMD cases, is characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth from the choroid into the subretinal space. Although intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents have become the standard of care for wet AMD, there is a growing subset of patients who do not fully respond to monotherapy anti-VEGF treatment.

Factors contributing to jump heights in two-foot running jumps with and without a basketball.

Introduction: Two-foot running jumps (TFRJs) are used by basketball players during games and evaluations for maximum jump height with or without a ball. Prior research on TFRJs performed by volleyball players revealed whole-body kinematics and kinetics variables that contribute to jump height, though it is unknown whether these variables contribute to jump height similarly in TFRJs performed by basketball players, and whether there are differences in how different variables relate to jump height in TFRJs. The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between jump height and whole-body kinematics and kinetics variables in both TFRJs with and without a ball.

Hidden figures underlying quality measures: revealing hidden racial inequalities in end-of-life cancer care delivery: a cohort study.

Background: Calls for healthcare systems to reduce disparities in cancer care access and outcomes draw on comparisons of existing measures across race and ethnicity subgroups. This approach may hide inequities driven by systematic bias in the timing of care delivery. The goals of this study were to: (1) identify differences in the timing of care delivery between racial groups, and (2) determine whether these differences could be identified from quality measures.

Microindentation reveals softening of the equatorial and anterior sclera during early myopia development in tree shrew eyes.

Myopia has reached epidemic levels worldwide and significantly increases the risk for blinding diseases such as glaucoma, making it a pressing global health concern. Myopia is commonly associated with biomechanical weakening and remodeling of the sclera, resulting in an excessively elongated eye relative to its optical system. The exact regions of scleral remodeling and tissue softening remain unclear.

Mycorrhiza-assisted phytoremediation of spiked chromium-contaminated soil: Assessing AMF-vetiver symbiosis for Cr accumulation and soil quality enhancement.

Chromium (Cr) is a hazardous pollutant in industrial and mining areas and threatens soil ecosystems. Mycorrhiza-assisted phytoremediation serves as an eco-friendly and effective approach to mitigate Cr contamination from soil. In this investigation, varying Cr dosages (100 mg kg, 500 mg kg, and 1000 mg kg) were applied into the soil alongside vetiver plants (Chrysopogon zizanioides L.

Enhancing mycophytoremediation potential of Chrysopogon zizanioides in chromite-asbestos mine waste soil using arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: A natural bioaccelerator for soil ecosystem rehabilitation.

Soil contamination with toxic elements (TEs) has become a serious environmental issue in recent decades. Bio-based approaches especially, "phytoremediation-associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)" has emerged as a promising, eco-friendly and sustainable technology worldwide. The present investigation assessed the impact of AMF on the growth and TEs accumulation abilities of vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) in a soil containing chromite-asbestos mine wastes.

Rational design of tertiary coordination sphere of a heme-based sensor for two-orders enhanced oxygen affinity.

Biological O sensing is crucial for diverse physiological functions across all forms of life. Heme-containing proteins achieve this by binding O to their iron center and have been found to display O affinities spanning several orders of magnitude. Despite decades of investigation into the structure and function of heme-based O sensors, the molecular mechanisms that enable the tuning of O affinity to match specific physiological roles remain unclear.

Quasi-supervised MR-CT image conversion based on unpaired data.

. In radiotherapy planning, acquiring both magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) images is crucial for comprehensive evaluation and treatment. However, simultaneous acquisition of MR and CT images is time-consuming, economically expensive, and involves ionizing radiation, which poses health risks to patients.

A Perspective on Production and Quality Control of Iodine-123 Radiopharmaceutical for Applications in Nuclear Medicine.

The present work aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the production methods for Iodine-123 (I), with a particular focus on recent advances in nuclear medicine in India and relevant future perspectives. I, a radioisotope widely used in nuclear medicine for diagnostic imaging, plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of various medical conditions. It examines the historical background of I production and their importance in the medical field, emphasizing the recent breakthroughs in the field of nuclear chemistry and radiopharmaceuticals.

Contribution of whole-body momentum regulation towards jump height differences in two-foot running jumps with and without a basketball.

Two-foot running jumps (TFRJs) are frequently performed by basketball players with or without a basketball, but the effects of ball control on jump performance and whole-body momentum regulation are unknown. We examined the differences between TFRJ with and without a ball in initial and takeoff center of mass (COM) vertical velocities and net upward impulse. Fifteen male and six female recreational to college-level basketball players performed TFRJs with and without ball towards an adjustable hoop.

Contrastive functional connectivity defines neurophysiology-informed symptom dimensions in major depression.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly heterogeneous, posing challenges for effective treatment due to complex interactions between clinical symptoms and neurobiological features. To address this, we apply contrastive principal-component analysis to fMRI-based resting-state functional connectivity, isolating disorder-specific variations by contrasting data from 233 MDD patients and 285 healthy controls. Subsequently, we use sparse canonical correlation analysis to identify two significant dimensions linking distinct brain circuits with clinical profiles.

The Behaviour of Contaflex Soft Contact Lens Material During Hydration.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the swelling and transparency behaviour of Contaflex soft contact lens materials with varying water-content (38-77%) using high-resolution digital imaging and infrared LiDAR. Contaflex materials with 38%, 55%, 58%, 67% and 77% nominal water-contents, denoted as C38, C55, C58, C67, and C77, were tested. Hydrogel samples (N = 5 per group) were monitored over 24 h in pH 7.

Sustainable management of copper-contaminated soils using vetiver root biochar.

Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, copper mining was a predominant industry in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, resulting in substantial environmental issues due to the generation of mining waste. This waste, referred to as stamp sands, was disposed of in Lake Superior, causing severe harm to aquatic ecosystems. Later, the stamp sands were dredged and deposited along the lake shores, causing large-scale contamination with copper.

Alkaline hydrolysis of solid 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (T): kinetics, mechanism, and overlooked deprotonation effects.

The environmental risks associated with chloronitroaromatic compounds (CNAs) have raised significant concerns, yet their transformation through alkaline hydrolysis remains poorly understood, especially for hydrophobic polychlorinated polynitrobenzenes (PCPNBs). This study systematically investigates the hydrolysis of granular 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (T, 176 × 100 µm) through combined experimental and density functional theory (DFT) approaches. Granular T hydrolysis follows pseudo-first-order kinetics (0.

Children with medical complexity care journey during COVID-19 from providers perspective: a qualitative study.

Background: Children with medical complexity (CMC) are children who have a range of chronic physical, developmental, and behavioral conditions. CMC is a vulnerable population that requires special care and receives support from multidisciplinary teams. The COVID-19 pandemic reshaped healthcare practices, with long-term consequences.

A timeline of cognitive costs in decision-making.

Recent research from economics, psychology, cognitive science, computer science, and marketing is increasingly interested in the idea that people face cognitive costs when making decisions. Reviewing and synthesizing this research, we develop a framework of cognitive costs that organizes concepts along a temporal dimension and maps out when costs occur in the decision-making process and how they impact decisions. Our unifying framework broadens the scope of research on cognitive costs to a wider timeline of cognitive processing.

Research Progress of Osteoarthritis Treatment by Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound.

With the intensification of global population aging, osteoarthritis (OA) has emerged as a major socioeconomic burden requiring urgent therapeutic interventions. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), a non-invasive physical therapy modality, delivers pulsed acoustic energy to target tissues with negligible thermal effects. Accumulating evidence from preclinical studies and randomized controlled trials has demonstrated its potential to decelerate OA progression.

Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge by sequential acidification with HCl-HPO and precipitation with NaS-Ca(OH).

Considering the feasibility of using sulfide generated during anaerobic digestion (AD) of sewage sludge as a heavy metal (HM) precipitant, the removal of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb, from sludge via sequential acidification by nine acids and precipitation as sulfides and hydroxides was investigated. The results showed that HMs were dissociated with the highest efficiency at pH 1.0 using mixed HCl-HPO and a 6 h reaction time.

MSFT-transformer: a multistage fusion tabular transformer for disease prediction using metagenomic data.

More and more recent studies highlight the crucial role of the human microbiome in maintaining health, while modern advancements in metagenomic sequencing technologies have been accumulating data that are associated with human diseases. Although metagenomic data offer rich, multifaceted information, including taxonomic and functional abundance profiles, their full potential remains underutilized, as most approaches rely only on one type of information to discover and understand their related correlations with respect to disease occurrences. To address this limitation, we propose a multistage fusion tabular transformer architecture (MSFT-Transformer), aiming to effectively integrate various types of high-dimensional tabular information extracted from metagenomic data.