Whole genome characterisation of DS-1-like G8P[4] rotavirus A strains circulating in South Africa between 2009 and 2021 reveals endemic sub-lineages and evidence of radical epitope changes.

The sub-Saharan African region bears the highest burden of rotavirus-associated morbidity and mortality, with substantial genetic diversity observed in circulating strains despite vaccine introduction. The G8 genotype, originally predominant in bovine strains, has increasingly become prevalent in humans, suggesting a possible interface of animal-to-human transmission and highlighting its role in African strain diversity. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of 21 archival G8P[4] strains collected through gastroenteritis surveillance in South Africa between 2009 and 2021 from children under five years of age.

Observational analysis of biological remission as a treatment target for severe asthma: UK severe asthma registry.

Background: The aim of biologic therapies in severe asthma is inhibition of T2 inflammatory pathways.

Objective: We hypothesized that patients who achieve complete suppression of IL-5 & IL4/IL13 pathways with biologic therapy (FeNO <20ppb & blood eosinophil count (BEC) <0.15x10ˆ9, 'biological remission') would have better outcomes than patients with incomplete suppression of T2 biology.

Effect-based and (non-)target chemical analyses reveal concerning levels of emerging contaminants in urban streams in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Water contamination by micropollutants is a global issue, yet there is limited information from low-income regions. To address this, we evaluated surface water quality in rapidly growing Sub-Saharan area of Malawi lacking wastewater treatment. Integrated assessment of passive sample extracts representing wet and dry seasons combined effect-based approach with in vitro bioassays, target and non-target chemical analyses (NTS).

How accurate are witnesses of first suspected seizures in recalling semiology at clinically relevant timepoints? A UK experimental study with a pilot intervention.

Objective: A key diagnostic challenge at "first seizure" clinic appointments is determining whether the reported event was epileptic. Witness accounts are often critical, yet such appointments typically occur weeks after the event. Guidelines recommend review within 2 weeks.

Regional corneal biomechanics assessment as a function of age using Strain-Stress Index maps.

Purpose: To gain a better understanding of corneal Stress-Strain Index (SSI) maps in healthy eyes and to determine their changes with age.

Method: The eyes of 72 participants (age 43.1 ± 20.

Many plants naturalized as aliens abroad have also become more common within their native regions.

Due to anthropogenic pressure some species have declined whereas others have increased within their native ranges. Simultaneously, many species introduced by humans have established self-sustaining populations elsewhere (i.e.

Defining self-monitoring in postpandemic maternity care: Perspectives from women, partners, healthcare professionals, and policymakers.

Introduction: We aimed to explore the conceptualization and perception of self-monitoring amongst women, partners, healthcare professionals (HCPs), and policymakers, with particular interest in those living with social/medical complexity.

Material And Methods: Across the United Kingdom, 96 semi-structured in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with 40 women, 15 partners, 21 HCPs, and 20 policymakers to discuss their lived experience of utilizing, delivering, or developing policy for self-monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic. A thematic framework analysis was undertaken to develop themes, considered by participant type, ethnicity, geographical region, personal experience of self-monitoring, and social complexity, and a content analysis was used to explore how self-monitoring was conceptualized.

Women and clinicians' views, preferences and experiences of caesarean section and vaginal birth in India: a qualitative substudy of the 'Misoprostol or Oxytocin for Labour Induction' (MOLI) trial.

Introduction: Caesarean use in India continues to rise and significant disparities exist. However, women and clinicians' views are under-researched. This paper aims to explore women and clinicians' views and preferences for mode of birth in two government hospitals in urban central India.

Toxicity and efficacy of antibody-drug conjugates in advanced solid tumors: a retrospective single-center analysis of clinical trials.

Background: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) combine targeted monoclonal antibodies with cytotoxic payloads and are an emerging modality in systemic cancer therapy. Thirteen ADCs are Food and Drug Administration approved, with many more in development. However, design and use remain challenging, with issues including on/off-target toxicity, resistance from prior exposure to payload classes, and optimal target/payload selection.

Mechanosensitive biochemical imprinting of the talin interaction with DLC1 regulates RhoA activity and cardiomyocyte remodeling.

During heart disease, the cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) undergoes a structural and mechanical transformation. Cardiomyocytes sense the mechanical properties of their environment, leading to phenotypic remodeling. A critical component of the ECM mechanosensing machinery, including the protein talin, is organized at the cardiomyocyte costamere.

Topography and environmental deficiencies are associated with chikungunya virus exposure in urban informal settlements in Salvador, Brazil.

Background: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus with a significant global public health burden. Delineating the specific contributions of individual behaviour, household, natural and built environment to CHIKV transmission is important for reducing risk in urban informal settlements but challenging due to their heterogeneous environments. The aim of this study was to quantify variation in CHIKV seroprevalence between and within four urban communities in a large Brazilian city, and identify the respective contributions of individual, household, and environmental factors for seropositivity.

Osteomyelitis, arthritis and myositis associated with in village weavers () and an oriental magpie robin ().

Avian pseudotuberculosis infection usually presents as well-demarcated visceral necrotic foci, typically affecting the gastrointestinal tract, liver and spleen. This case series describes an atypical presentation of (Yptb) characterized by severe chronic myositis, arthritis and osteomyelitis in five village weavers (), and acute osteomyelitis and myositis associated with septicaemia in an oriental magpie robin () from a zoological collection. Clinical signs of the weavers included lethargy, poor flying ability and focally extensive periarticular and muscular swelling, whereas the magpie robin was found dead without premonitory signs.

The genome sequence of the China Limpet, Gmelin, 1791 (Patellidae).

We present a genome assembly from a specimen of (China Limpet; Mollusca; Gastropoda; Patellidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 693.56 megabases.

Density-dependent network structuring within and across wild animal systems.

Theory predicts that high population density leads to more strongly connected spatial and social networks, but how local density drives individuals' positions within their networks is unclear. This gap reduces our ability to understand and predict density-dependent processes. Here we show that density drives greater network connectedness at the scale of individuals within wild animal populations.

Exploring the trauma experiences of people working in homelessness: mixed-methods systematic review.

Objectives: Homelessness is a global public health concern which extends to the health and well-being of people working in homelessness, and this mixed-methods systematic review aims to explore their experiences of trauma.

Design: The review protocol followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidance and a mixed-methods convergent segregated approach, a systematic search for qualitative and quantitative research across seven databases.

Data Sources: CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Psychology Database, Public Health Database, Web of Science and PubMed, searched from inception until May 2023.

TRPV6-mediated store-operated Ca entry participates in pancreatic acinar cell injury during acute pancreatitis.

Background & Aims: Suppressing toxic Ca accumulation in pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) is the central therapeutic strategy of acute pancreatitis (AP). Store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) represents an important mechanism promoting Ca overload, which remains incompletely understood in AP. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (TRPV6) is an ion channel highly selective to Ca, and its role in PACs or AP onset remains largely unknown.

Heterozygous Germline Fanconi Anemia-Related Gene Mutations Increase Susceptibility to Germ Cell Tumors.

Purpose: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that predominantly affect adolescents and young adults. Notably, geographical disparities in GCT incidence exist, with higher rates observed in East Asia. Although numerous studies have established links between heterozygous germline mutations in Fanconi anemia (FA) genes and the development of certain human cancers, the association between germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in FA genes and the relative risk of developing GCTs remains incompletely characterized.

Evidence of a novel sublineage of in elephants from zoo populations in Germany.

research primarily centres on investigating human and bovine infections, although this pathogen also can be carried and cause infections in a wider range of animal species. Moreover, infections with are posing significant health implications, and recent studies furthermore are highlighting a potential zoonotic risk. Despite the relatively frequent isolation of from elephants, only a few reports document infections in wild and zoo populations.

Correction: Thu et al. Effect of Probiotics in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2023, , 280.

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