Women and clinicians' views, preferences and experiences of caesarean section and vaginal birth in India: a qualitative substudy of the 'Misoprostol or Oxytocin for Labour Induction' (MOLI) trial.

Introduction: Caesarean use in India continues to rise and significant disparities exist. However, women and clinicians' views are under-researched. This paper aims to explore women and clinicians' views and preferences for mode of birth in two government hospitals in urban central India.

Stress and Stressor of Women: A Cross-sectional Study from Rural Population in Central India.

Introduction: A meta-analysis of gender differences in depression using nationally representative samples in the USA found that twice as many women as men are depressed. Mental distress is a leading cause of health-related burden for the Indian population, which is aggravated by a high prevalence of socioeconomic adversity such as physical and sexual abuse, poverty, low education, and gender inequality. The index study was conducted to assess the prevalence and determinants of psychological distress among women in central rural India.

Risk factors for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM): A case-control study.

Introduction: Mucormycosis, a rare but serious fungal infection, surged during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite various proposed causative factors, published data are limited. This study aimed to identify risk factors for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis.

Development of a Disability Literacy Scale for Caregivers of Children with Chronic Neurodevelopmental Disabilities (DLS-C).

Objective: To develop a disability literacy scale for caregivers of children with chronic neurodevelopmental disabilities.

Methods: A multicentric cross-sectional, facility-based study was conducted across ten sites in India in three phases. In the first phase, item generation and identification of core items for the scale were carried out through free listing and Smith's Salience Score.

Determinants of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in Rural Women in Central India: A Community-Based Cohort Study.

Objective: This prospective cohort study was planned to elucidate the magnitude and epidemiological determinants for hypertensive disease in pregnancy (HDP) in a cohort of rural women of central India.

Methods: It was a community-based prospective cohort study of rural pregnant women. 1650 eligible women were recruited at less than 20 weeks of gestation by pretrained field workers in 100 villages of Wardha District.

Designing, Implementing and Optimising a Capacity‑Building Model for Infectious Disease Modelling in India.

Mathematical models are not integrated into the policy‑making process in low‑ and middle‑income countries, including India, primarily due to limited capacity in building mathematical models, lack of trust in the model findings and the reluctance of policy‑makers to apply the model findings to formulate policies. There is a perceived need to create a critical mass of trained infectious disease experts and modelers within the public health and clinical domain. Thus, with the support of the Department of Health Research (DHR), we developed a 3‑month post‑graduate (PG) certificate course on infectious disease modelling, the first of such a course in India.

Epidemiology of chronic and acute pancreatitis in India (EPICAP-India): protocol for a multicentre study.

Introduction: Acute and chronic pancreatitis (CP) are inflammatory conditions of the pancreas that cause local and systemic complications. The epidemiology of these conditions are not well-known in India.

Methods And Analysis: We describe the protocol and procedures of a multicentre study for delineating the epidemiology of pancreatitis in India.

Prevalence and Determinants of Developmental Delay in Children of 12-36 Months in the Area of Primary Health Centre, Bela, Nagpur.

Background: Developmental delay happens when a child fails to attain age-appropriate milestones. Identification of developmental delay in children is important to initiate early intervention in them which will facilitate the children to have a productive life in their later years.

Objectives: The objective was to study the prevalence of developmental delay among 12-36-month-old children from the area of Primary Health Centre, Bela, in rural Nagpur, Maharashtra.

Preferences for induction of labor methods in India: a qualitative study of views and experiences of women, clinicians, and researchers.

Background: Induction of labor (IOL) is an increasingly common intervention, but experiences and preferences of induction methods are under-researched particularly in low -and middle-income countries. Understanding these perspectives is important to improve the childbirth experience.

Objective: To explore the experiences and preferences of IOL methods for women, clinicians, and researchers in the "Misoprostol or Oxytocin for Labour Induction" (MOLI) study.

Effect of a two-only-meals-a-day and exercise lifestyle on HbA1c and anti-diabetic medication in a follow-up study of subjects with type 2 diabetes attending a free clinic in a north Maharashtra city.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a global challenge with rising prevalence, inadequate compliance, and poor outcomes.

Aims: Assess the effect of a 2-only-daily-meals with exercise lifestyle (2-OMEX) on (a) HbA1c, (b) anti-diabetic medication count (ADMC), (c) Kcal intakes, body weight, fasting insulin, and subjective well-being.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-arm follow-up study conducted in a free 2-OMEX clinic in 2019-2020.

Magnitude and determinants of psychological morbidities among pregnant women: Results from a pregnancy cohort in rural Central India.

Background: Psychological morbidities are one of the emerging global health problems. It affects a considerable number of ante-natal women leading to consequences during the postnatal period as well. We conducted this research to study the magnitude and determinants of psychological morbidities during pregnancy.

The prevalence and risk factors of depression in engineering college students: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Engineering students like any other students face several stressors in their lives, which make them vulnerable to depression. Depression may affect students' academic performance.

Aim: The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of depression among engineering students.

Incidence of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome Hospitalizations in the Medium-Endemic Region in Central India.

Background: We estimated the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) following routine immunization with the live-attenuated SA 14-14-2 JE vaccine.

Methods: We implemented enhanced surveillance of AES and JE hospitalizations in endemic districts in Maharashtra and Telangana States during 2015-2016 and 2018-2020. We estimated incidence and compared differences in the incidence of JE and AES between two states, and vaccinated and unvaccinated districts during two study periods.

Effect of Two-Only-Meal Frequency and Exercise on HbA1C Outcomes, Weight, and Anti-Diabetic Medication in Type 2 Diabetes in a Popular Lifestyle Change Campaign in Maharashtra, Compared to Conventional Clinical Management: A Quasi-Experimental Multicenter Study in Maharashtra.

Background: Rising prevalence and poor outcomes make the twin challenges of diabetes epidemiology. This study evaluates effect of 2-only-daily-meals with exercise (2-OMEX) for its effect on HbA1c, oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHA) usage, body-weight among type-2-diabetes (T2DM) subjects, compared with conventional management.

Material And Methods: A quasi-experimental, multicentre study in 2-OMEX arm, and HbA1c by HPLC method.

Social isolation, social support, and psychological distress among the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study from central India.

Background: In the present COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing measures have been advised to protect elderly from infection which might have led to poor mental health state.

Objective: A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the magnitude of social isolation, social support, and psychological distress among the elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic in Central India.

Methods: The estimated sample size was 1535.

Vaccination coverage and breakthrough infections of COVID-19 during the second wave among staff of selected medical institutions in India.

India experienced the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection from April 3 to June 10, 2021. During the second wave, Delta variant B.1617.

Socio-demographic determinants of cardiovascular risk in rural population of Central India.

Introduction: Raising trend of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in developing countries created a platform for exploring the sociodemographic nexus in search of underlying cause.

Aim And Objectives: The precise aim of the study is to detect any possible association of social determinants and metabolic derangement with CVDs risk, particularly focusing on comparative analysis of the data to decipher the most significant factor(s), if any among the studied parameters contributing toward prediction of such cardiometabolic risk in linked with insulin resistance.

Results: In the present study, it was found that 2% of the studied population had high risk, and 13.

Predictors of Mortality among Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 during the First Wave in India: A Multisite Case-Control Study.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease (COVID-19) has caused more than 6 million deaths globally. Understanding predictors of mortality will help in prioritizing patient care and preventive approaches. This was a multicentric, unmatched, hospital-based case-control study conducted in nine teaching hospitals in India.

Scrub typhus in urban areas of Wardha district in central India.

Background & Objectives: Scrub typhus caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi presents as acute undifferentiated fever and can be confused with other infectious causes of fever. We studied scrub typhus as part of a study on hospital-based surveillance of zoonotic and vector-borne zoonotic diseases at a tertiary care hospital located in the Wardha district, Maharashtra, India. We report here descriptive epidemiology and climatic factors affecting scrub typhus.

Expanding Roles of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in the 2019 Hepatitis E Outbreak in a Peri-urban Slum, Nagpur, India.

Objective: Due to constraints in the dedicated health work force, outbreaks in peri-urban slums are often reported late. This study explores the feasibility of deploying Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) in outbreak investigation and understand the extent to which this activity gives a balanced platform to fulfil their roles during public health emergencies to reduce its impact and improve mitigation measures.

Methods: Activities of ASHAs involved in the hepatitis E outbreak were reviewed from various registers maintained at the subcenter.

Effectiveness of Japanese encephalitis vaccination among children in central India.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) disease among children continues in central India despite vaccination implemented in the routine immunization program. Therefore, we planned to estimate the JE vaccination effectiveness among children by undertaking a 1:2 individually-matched population-based case-control study from August 2018 to October 2020. The laboratory-confirmed JE cases aged 1-15 years were enrolled along with neighborhood controls without fever and encephalitis matched on the residence area, age and sex.

Role of dietary habits and personal hygiene on nutritional status of school-going adolescents: A cross-sectional study in selected schools located in slum areas of Nagpur City, Maharashtra.

Purpose: Adolescence is a nutritionally vulnerable time when rapid physical growth increases nutrient demand. Addressing the nutrition needs of adolescents could be an important step toward breaking the vicious cycle of intergenerational malnutrition. Under the healthy school initiative, a baseline assessment was carried out to assess the nutritional status, dietary habits, and personal hygiene of school-going adolescents to plan the future interventions at school level.

Coverage of Japanese encephalitis routine vaccination among children in central India.

We aimed to estimate the coverage of Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccination in central India to help explain the continued occurrence of JE disease despite routine vaccination. We implemented a 30-cluster survey for estimating the coverage of JE vaccination in the medium-endemic areas implemented with JE vaccination in central India. The parents were enquired about the uptake of the JE vaccine by their children aged 2-6 years, followed by verification of the immunization cards at home along with reasons for non-vaccination.