A comprehensive overview of the burden, prevention, and therapeutic aspects of arboviral diseases in India.

Outbreaks of arboviruses have become one of the major and consistent health burdens in India. With no effective vaccines or antivirals, it is challenging to control the exponential increase in cases of arboviral diseases. Accurate assessment of cases, timely and accurate diagnosis, treatment, tracking fatalities, surveillance of vectors, adopting integrated vector management policies, real-time genomic surveillance, and relating these to symptoms and tracking transmission are essential for keeping the emergence of arboviruses in check.

Photocatalytic Singlet-Oxygen Generation and Electrocatalytic Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity of p-Type BiSnO/Carbon Dots Nanocomposites.

Nanocomposite of pyrochlore-based p-type BiSnO/carbon dot (BiSnO/CD) has been developed as a multifunctional material for photocatalytic generation of singlet oxygen (O) in aqueous medium and for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) via water splitting. Compared to pristine BiSnO, the light-exposed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of hydrothermally synthesized BiSnO/CD treated with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TEMP) reveal a progressively increasing rate of O production. Higher photocatalytic O generation is corroborated by highly efficient (i.

Observation of tt[over ¯] Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Top-quark pair production is observed in lead-lead (Pb+Pb) collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the Large Hadron Collider with the ATLAS detector. The data sample was recorded in 2015 and 2018, amounting to an integrated luminosity of 1.

A Novel High-Intensity Short Interval Dance Intervention (THANDAV) for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention Tailored to Asian Indian Adolescent Girls.

Background: A significant majority of adolescents from lower-middle-income countries do not meet recommendations for daily physical activity. THANDAV (Taking High-Intensity Interval Training [HIIT] ANd Dance to Adolescents for Victory over noncommunicable diseases [NCDs]) is a 10-minute dance intervention incorporating principles of HIIT. The present study evaluated the effect of THANDAV on cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle behavior in Asian Indian adolescent girls.

Performance of quantitative point-of-care tests to measure G6PD activity: An individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the main risk factor for severe haemolysis following treatment with 8-aminoquinolines (8AQ). The World Health Organization recommends G6PD testing prior to 8AQ-based hypnozoitocidal treatment.

Methods: We undertook an individual level meta-analysis of the performance of commercially available quantitative point-of-care diagnostics (PoCs) compared with reference spectrophotometry.

Malaria in pregnancy and its potential impact on neurodevelopment in children: a systematic review.

Background: Malaria during pregnancy can have adverse effects on fetal development, but its impact on neurodevelopment remains unclear. Although some studies have explored the consequences of prenatal malaria, gaps persist due to inconsistencies in exposure timing, assessment methods, and study designs.

Methods: This systematic review highlighted the gaps in six studies selected from an initial pool of 2029 articles, offering clearer insights into the neurodevelopmental outcomes of prenatal malaria exposure.

Search for Magnetic Monopole Pair Production in Ultraperipheral Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC.

This Letter presents a search for highly ionizing magnetic monopoles in 262  μb^{-1} of ultraperipheral Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.36  TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A new methodology that exploits the properties of clusters of hits reconstructed in the innermost silicon detector layers is introduced to study highly ionizing particles in heavy-ion data.

From relief to resistance: implications of self-medication practice for malaria elimination in India.

The self-medication practices in India may pose challenges to malaria elimination efforts. While individuals often seek immediate relief from symptoms, the indiscriminate use of antimalarial medications can lead to increased resistance among malaria parasites. This study highlights the implications of self-medication on public health, exploring their impact on malaria elimination.

Effectiveness of Mobile Health Applications for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in Urban and Rural India: A Pilot, Randomized Controlled Study.

Introduction: mHealth technology has the potential to deliver personalized health care; however, data on cardiometabolic risk factors are limited. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of mobile health applications (apps) on cardiometabolic risk factor reduction in adults aged 25 to 60 years in urban and rural India.

Methods: The study design was a pilot randomized controlled trial conducted in Tamil Nadu, India.

Implementation of machine learning tool for continued process verification of process chromatography unit operation.

Recent advancements in technology, such as the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), have facilitated the progression of the biopharmaceutical industry toward the implementation of Industry 4.0. As per the guidelines set by the USFDA, process validation for biopharmaceutical production consists of three stages: process design, process qualification, and continuous process verification (CPV).

Acetylation of the yeast Hsp40 chaperone protein Ydj1 fine-tunes proteostasis and translational fidelity.

Proteostasis, the maintenance of cellular protein balance, is essential for cell viability and is highly conserved across all organisms. Newly synthesized proteins, or "clients," undergo sequential processing by Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 chaperones to achieve proper folding and functionality. Despite extensive characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on Hsp70 and Hsp90, the modifications on Hsp40 remain less understood.

Partial Selenization Strategy for Fabrication of NiSe@NiCr-LDH Heterostructure as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting.

NiCr-LDH and its partial selenization as NiSe@NiCr-LDH heterostructure is established here as an alkaline water electrolyzer for achieving enhanced overall water splitting efficiency. The hydrothermally synthesized optimized batch of NiSe@NiCr-LDH is thoroughly characterized to elucidate its structure, morphology, and composition. Compared to pristine NiCr-LDH, the batch of NiSe@NiCr-LDH exhibits exceptional alkaline OER and HER activity with low overpotentials of 258 and 85 mV at 10 mA cm, respectively.

High-throughput screening on optoelectronic properties of two-dimensional InN/GaN heterostructure from first principles.

Context: A novel 2D InN/GaN lateral heterostructure (LHT) was simulated by stitching monolayer of 2D InN and monolayer of 2D GaN. The structural stability, electronic structure, and optical properties were systematically investigated using first-principle calculations and by considering the effects of strain. The results indicated that the designed heterostructure has a direct bandgap of 2.

Mechanical strain effect on the optoelectronic properties and photocatalysis applications of layered AlN/GaN nanoheterostructure.

Context: The aim of this work is to use first principles calculations to examine the effects of different mechanical strains on the optoelectronic and photocatalytic capabilities of the 2D/2D nanoheterostructure of AlN/GaN. By utilizing the lmBJ (Meta-GGA) and PBEsol (GGA) functional, the bandgap of the nanoheterostructure is calculated and found to be 4.89 eV and 3.

Acetylation of the yeast Hsp40 chaperone protein Ydj1 fine-tunes proteostasis and translational fidelity.

Proteostasis, the maintenance of cellular protein balance, is essential for cell viability and is highly conserved across all organisms. Newly synthesized proteins, or "clients," undergo sequential processing by Hsp40, Hsp70, and Hsp90 chaperones to achieve proper folding and functionality. Despite extensive characterization of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on Hsp70 and Hsp90, the modifications on Hsp40 remain less understood.

Meta-GGA study of 2D AlN/BN planer heterostructure and performance enhancement via strain engineering.

Context: The 2D AlN/BN planer heterostructure is a promising wide band gap semiconductor, but systematic studies of its bandgap and optical characteristics under applied strain are scarce. Here, the engineering property of 2D AlN/BN comprising bandgap nature transition and optical absorption capability (from unstrained to strained) have been investigated using density functional theory calculations. The formation energy calculations confirm the stability of the simulated nanoheterostructure.

Ab-initio study of strain-tunable g-GaN/BN nanoheterostructure for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications.

Context: Two-dimensional (2D) nanoheterostructures of materials, integrating various phase or materials into a single nanosheet have stimulated large-scale research interest for designing novel two dimensional devices. In contemporary analysis present work, we examined the structural and electronic properties of the isolated 2D BN and GaN monolayers. We have investigated the structural stability and optoelectronic and photocatalytic response of the g-GaN/BN nanoheterostructure along with its response to strain.

Malaria Slide Bank to Strengthen and Improve the Quality of Malaria Diagnosis: A National Slide Repository in India.

Malaria elimination is one of the top health care priorities in India, necessitating accessible and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. A malaria slide bank in India is a collection of quality-controlled malaria-positive and -negative slides and is considered a vital asset for quality diagnosis. The collection of blood samples, preparation of blood smears, staining, quality control, molecular characterizations, and slide validation were carried out according to standard operating procedures in accordance with the WHO reference laboratory.

A randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of low dose, short course primaquine in adults with uncomplicated P. vivax malaria in two hospitals in India.

Background: Plasmodium vivax remains a major challenge for malaria control and elimination due to its ability to cause relapsing illness. To prevent relapses the Indian National Center for Vector Borne Diseases Control (NCVBDC) recommends treatment with primaquine at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg/day provided over 14 days.

Graphene based T-shaped monopole antenna sensor for food quality evaluation.

Background: Food adulteration has long been considered a major problem. It compromises the quality, safety, and nutritional value of food, posing significant risks to public health. Novel techniques are required to control it.

Safety and efficacy of primaquine in patients with malaria from South Asia: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: The optimal dosing of primaquine to prevent relapsing malaria in South Asia remains unclear. We investigated the efficacy and safety of different primaquine regimens to prevent relapse.

Methods: A systematic review identified efficacy studies from South Asia published between 1 January 2000 and 23 August 2021.

Monoclonal antibody: future of malaria control and prevention.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are extremely specialized proteins that are cloned from B cells and bind to pathogen epitopes. There are currently no known prophylactic immune-based strategies or efficient, widespread treatments to stop the spread of malaria. In order to lower the prevalence of malaria and its associated mortality, we need mAbs that are capable of offering immediate passive protection against the disease.