Fungal symbiont Mycena complements impaired nitrogen utilization in Gastrodia elata and supplies indole-3-acetic acid to facilitate its seed germination.

Nitrogen and auxin uptake plays pivotal roles in seed germination and development. Gastrodia elata, a fully mycoheterotrophic plant, depends entirely on its symbiotic association with Mycena for early growth and seed germination. The process by which Mycena enables the supply of nitrogen nutrients and auxin, which are deficient in G.

Biological detoxification and application of emerging control strategies of zearalenone in food.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin produced by filamentous fungi of the Ascomycota phylum, widely present in grains such as corn and wheat. The global contamination of ZEA is becoming increasingly severe, with a significant rise in its detection rate in grains and animal feed, posing serious threats to the health of livestock and poultry, the safety of processed grain products, and human health. This paper reviews the residual risks of ZEA, particularly its significant effects on the reproductive system and liver.

Silencing CALB1 enhances prostate cancer radiosensitivity via calcium-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence.

Background: Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, with radioresistance limiting treatment efficacy. This study investigates the role of Calbindin 1 (CALB1), a calcium-binding protein regulated by miR-186-5p, in prostate cancer progression and radiation response.

Methods: CALB1 expression was analyzed using GEO and TCGA datasets, and the regulatory relationship with miR-186-5p was validated.

Unveiling the Mechanistic Origin of High Efficiency in Selective Reduction of NO by NH over Mn-W/CeO Catalysts: Sufficient Acidity and Appropriate Reducibility.

Achieving remarkable activity in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH (NH-SCR) over CeO-based catalysts was crucial for their industrial application but still faces a tough challenge, mainly owing to the insufficient acidity and overoxidation ability. Herein, the surface acidity and reducibility of CeO catalysts were finely tuned over Mn-W/CeO to efficiently eliminate NO and reveal the mechanistic origin of superior catalytic properties. Systematic surface and structure analyses revealed that MnO interacted with WO species in the possible form of Mn-O-W, which could enhance the dispersion of WO over the CeO surface.

Combined flotation-oxygen pressure leaching process for treatment of copper smelting slag with a high oxidation rate and its kinetic study.

A process route combining flotation for recovering easily floatable sulfide copper minerals and oxygen pressure acid leaching (OPAL) was employed to comprehensively recover valuable metals (Cu, Mo, Fe, ) from copper smelting slag with a high oxidation degree. The oxidative leaching process selectively dissolved and recovered Cu and Mo while transforming Fe into leach residue, rendering it suitable as a raw material for iron and steel smelting. Under optimal conditions, the leaching recoveries for Cu and Mo reached 96.

A systematic review of protein post-translational modifications in sepsis.

Background: Sepsis originates from the host's dysregulated response to pathogens, and its pathophysiological mechanisms are extremely complex. Recent research has found that post-translational modifications (PTMs) can regulate gene transcription without altering the genetic sequence, thereby playing a key role in the occurrence and development of sepsis.

Objective: This review aims to systematically categorize the main types of PTMs and elucidate their roles in the pathogenesis of sepsis, thereby providing new perspectives for a deeper understanding of the complex pathophysiological processes of this disease.

Integrated Analysis of GC-MS-Based Metabolomics and Proteomics Reveals the Importance of Volatile Metabolite Stigmasterol in the Defence Response of Panax notoginseng Against Root Rot.

Root rot disease in Panax notoginseng, primarily caused by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani, significantly impacts the growth and production of this medicinal herb. To elucidate the defence mechanisms of P. notoginseng against root rot, we employed proteomics and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics analyses.

Advances on cyclodextrin-based supramolecular imprinted polymers and their extraction applications.

Over the past decade, cyclodextrins (CDs), as cyclic oligosaccharides, have emerged as pivotal supramolecular hosts in molecular imprinting field owing to their distinctive "hydrophobic cavity-hydrophilic shell" structure. The synergistic recognition effect of molecular imprinting sites and cyclodextrin cavity has led to the development of cyclodextrin-based supramolecular imprinted polymers (CD-SMIPs), which has attracted significant research attention. The hydrophobic cavity functions as a selective molecular "pocket", enabling precise encapsulation of target analytes through size and polarity matching while effectively excluding hydrophilic interferents in complex matrices.

Study of the early metabolic characteristics in patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry via metabolomics technology.

Objective: To investigate the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on plasma metabolites in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and identify key metabolites associated with weight loss. Subjects and.

Methods: Nineteen obese T2DM patients who underwent SG surgery were selected as the study participants.

Valley-Layer-Polarized Anomalous Hall Effect in a Two-Dimensional Multiferroic van der Waals Material.

Emerging phenomena such as the valley Hall effect and layer Hall effect, showing promise for next-generation electronics and valleytronic devices, have attracted considerable attention. However, most studies of the layer Hall effect have been restricted to antiferromagnetic or topological systems. Based on first-principles calculations, we establish a valley-layertronics framework and predict that two-dimensional ScI is a multiferroic material exhibiting substantial spontaneous valley polarization in both its monolayer (93.

Microstructure Design of Metal Selenides for Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes.

The advancement of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as next-generation energy storage systems is critically dependent on developing high-performance anode materials. Metal selenides have garnered significant attention as promising anode candidates due to their high theoretical capacities, yet their practical application is hampered by intrinsic issues such as large volume expansion, poor electrical conductivity, and structural pulverization during cycling. Engineering the microstructure of metal selenides offers a powerful avenue to overcome these limitations and unlock their full electrochemical potential.

Peptide codes for organ-selective mRNA delivery.

Organ-selective delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) is critical for fulfilling the therapeutic potential of mRNA-based gene and protein replacement technologies. Despite clinical advances in the hepatic delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), current strategies for extrahepatic-organ-selective mRNA delivery still have limitations. Here we report a peptide-encoded organ-selective targeting (POST) method for the delivery of mRNA to extrahepatic organs after systemic administration, which is based on the modular tuning of LNPs through surface engineering with specific amino acid sequences (POST codes).

[Association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and reflux esophagitis: a cross-sectional study].

This study aimed to evaluate the association between obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and reflux esophagitis (RE). This cross-sectional study retrospectively analyzed 218 patients diagnosed with OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG) and who also had undergone gastroscopy at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from January 2021 to December 2021. The cohort comprised 91 males and 127 females, aged from 19 to 78 years (40.

Synergy in the transformation of Bisphenol A by anaerobic microorganisms and manganese dioxide: The bridging role of extracellular polymeric substances.

In aquatic environments, bisphenol A (BPA) can undergo natural attenuation through microbial activity and manganese oxide-mediated processes. They commonly coexist, and that suggests the need to consider potential synergies between biotic and abiotic processes in BPA attenuation. This study explored BPA transformation in the coexistence of anaerobic microorganisms and β-MnO, with emphasis on the role of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) commonly present in dissolved organic matter.

Evaluation of risk perception among young electric bike riders.

This study aims to objectively assess the risk perception of young e-bike riders and clarify differences in risk perception among groups with varying individual characteristics. The participants were 604 Chinese youths. They completed an anonymous self-administered questionnaire on risk perception, and the results were used to establish a driving risk evaluation system for electric cyclists.

[Research on fatigue recognition based on graph convolutional neural network and electroencephalogram signals].

Electroencephalogram (EEG) serves as an effective indicator of detecting fatigue driving. Utilizing the open accessible Shanghai Jiao Tong University Emotion Electroencephalography Dataset (SEED-VIG), driving states are divided into three categories including awake, tired and drowsy for investigation. Given the characteristics of mutual influence and interdependence among EEG channels, as well as the consistency of the graph convolutional neural network (GCNN) structure, we designed an adjacency matrix based on the Pearson correlation coefficients of EEG signals among channels and their positional relationships.

[Technical maturity and bubble risks of brain-computer interface (BCI): Considerations from research to industrial translation].

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology faces structural risks due to a misalignment between its technological maturity and industrialization expectations. This study used the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) framework to assess the status of major BCI paradigms-such as steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), motor imagery, and P300-and found that they predominantly remained at TRL4 to TRL6, with few stable applications reaching TRL9. The analysis identified four interrelated sources of bubble risk: overly broad definitions of BCI, excessive focus on decoding performance, asynchronous translational progress, and imprecise terminology usage.

Phenylboronic acid decorated SiO@FeO magnetic nanoparticle coupled with peroxidase-like Au,Pt,Cu@polydopamine immunoprobe based sandwich approach for the detection of transferrin.

Transferrin (TRF) is the main iron-containing protein in plasma, responsible for carrying iron from digestive absorption and released from the erythrocyte degradation. The plasma TRF levels can be used to diagnose anemia and monitor treatment. Herein, a sandwich type biosensor was developed for the sensitive and efficient TRF detection utilizing the affinity of boronic acid and specific recognition of antibody.

Interaction between HPCA1 and melatonin signaling components modulates stomatal closure and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Melatonin is a versatile molecule that regulates plant growth and responses to multiple stresses, including drought resistance. However, the mechanism by which melatonin coordinates with other signaling pathways to regulate plant responses to stress remains largely elusive. Here, we provide evidence that melatonin induced stomatal closure and reactive oxygen species accumulation require hydrogen peroxide sensor receptor kinase HPCA1 (HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED Ca INCREASES1).

Prognostic significance of systemic immunoinflammatory biomarkers in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter analysis.

Aims: This study aims to investigate the associations between blood laboratory findings, systemic immune-inflammatory factors, ISUP grade, and prognostic outcomes in patients diagnosed with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: Data were collected from patients diagnosed with ccRCC at the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province and Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2010 and 2022, encompassing pertinent pathological and clinical information. We employed ordered logistic regression analysis to establish the ISUP grading model and conducted association analyses to explore the relationship between ISUP classification and the 2-year survival rate.

Targeting GRB2-Akt-SREBP1 signaling axis by saponins from Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz to overcome cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.

New insights into cadmium-modulated relationships of phosphorus-nitrogen functions under herbicide disturbance in cornfields.

Metallic micronutrients probably mediate the nutrient functions in soils with long-term herbicide application. However, will hazardous metal cadmium have a synergistic effect with herbicides, which amplifies the interference on soil nitrogen and phosphorus cycling functions? This study conducted a nationwide investigation to characterize the accumulation patterns of two typical herbicides (atrazine and nicosulfuron), cadmium, and metal micronutrients (iron, manganese, copper, and zinc) in maize fields. It specifically elucidated the individual disruptive effects of herbicides, the interaction mechanisms between herbicides and metals (particularly cadmium), and the key pathways and drivers influencing soil nitrogen-phosphorus functional linkages.

Interventional Treatment Is an Effective Approach to Relieve Symptoms in Patients With Malignant Tracheoesophageal Fistula.

Background: A malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (mTEF) is a complication of primary tumor growth or the recurrence of esophageal tumors or lung carcinoma. Patients with mTEF have lower survival and quality of life than those who do not develop this complication. Esophageal cancer (EC), a common gastrointestinal malignancy, ranks among the world's leading causes of cancer-related death.

Applying next-generation sequencing to detect microsatellite instability in pan-cancer patients: a retrospective study of 35,563 Chinese cases.

Microsatellite instability (MSI) serves as an important therapeutic and prognostic marker. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) have long been regarded as the "gold standard" for MSI detection. In recent years, next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, offering expanded target coverage of microsatellite (MS) loci and improved analytical performance, have gained widespread acceptance.

Impacts of external airfoil flaps on the S809 airfoil.

The trailing edge flap is an effective airfoil flow control technique having many forms, including the external airfoil flap (EAF) which lacks deep studies. In this paper, the calculated results of computational fluid dynamics are first verified through experiments, and the impact of the EAF parameters on the aerodynamic performance of the S809 airfoil is then studied. The obtained results show that the EAF can significantly improve the lift coefficient and stall angle of attack (AOA).