Ultra-sensitive and rapid detection of diethylstilbestrol by constructing molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor via hetero-interface engineering of Pt nanoparticles-decorated MXene/NH2-UiO-66.

The hazard of diethylstilbestrol (DES) towards human health underscored the imperative for highly sensitive and rapid analytical technologies. Herein, a molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) was innovatively constructed by incorporating the Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs)-decorated MXene/NH-UiO-66 into molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP/MXene/NH-UiO-66/PtNPs) for ultra-sensitive and rapid detection of DES. The introduction of NH-UiO-66 effectively prevented the restacking of MXene and with the synergistic effect of PtNPs, the electrical conductivity of the sensor was significantly enhanced.

Directed and efficient generation of calretinin interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells.

Background: Schizophrenia, autism, and epilepsy are associated with dysfunctions in cortical GABAergic interneurons. Calretinin-expressing interneurons, the most prominent type, constitute approximately 50% of human cortical GABAergic neurons and are closely linked to cognition. However, the difficulty in obtaining sufficient calretinin interneurons has significantly hindered the study of their development and functions.

Research on Crop Classification Using U-Net Integrated with Multimodal Remote Sensing Temporal Features.

Crop classification plays a vital role in acquiring the spatial distribution of agricultural crops, enhancing agricultural management efficiency, and ensuring food security. With the continuous advancement of remote sensing technologies, achieving efficient and accurate crop classification using remote sensing imagery has become a prominent research focus. Conventional approaches largely rely on empirical rules or single-feature selection (e.

Evaluating the Impact of Carbon Nanoparticles on the Interfacial Properties of the Pulmonary Surfactant Film.

The interaction between carbon nanoparticles (CNs) and Langmuir monolayers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) as a model pulmonary surfactant (PS) film was studied to shed light on the physicochemical bases underlying the potential adverse effects associated with pollutant inhalation. The results indicated that the surface pressure-area isotherms of the DPPC monolayers shifted toward lower molecular areas, and the compression modulus was reduced in the presence of CNs, hindering the ability of the DPPC monolayers to reduce the surface tension. The relaxation process of the DPPC monolayers were influenced, and the surface morphology and the continuity of the monolayers were destroyed by the penetration of CNs into the DPPC monolayers.

CCESC: A Crisscross-Enhanced Escape Algorithm for Global and Reservoir Production Optimization.

Global optimization problems, ubiquitous scientific research, and engineering applications necessitate sophisticated algorithms adept at navigating intricate, high-dimensional search landscapes. The Escape (ESC) algorithm, inspired by the complex dynamics of crowd evacuation behavior-where individuals exhibit calm, herding, or panic responses-offers a compelling nature-inspired paradigm for addressing these challenges. While ESC demonstrates a strong intrinsic balance between exploration and exploitation, opportunities exist to enhance its inter-agent communication and search trajectory diversification.

Exosomes in Diabetic Wound Healing: Mechanisms, Applications, and Perspectives.

Delayed wound healing is a major complication of diabetes, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as wound debridement, dressing application, and growth factor therapy, often suffer from limited efficacy and significant side effects. In recent years, exosomes have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for promoting diabetic skin wound healing.

Study on the Effects of Cadmium Exposure on Zinc Metabolism and FOXO3a Expression in the Preeclampsia Maternal-Fetal System.

Purpose: To detect the levels of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in maternal blood, umbilical blood, and placenta of preeclampsia (PE) patients, elucidating their relationship with FOXO3a transcription factors and oxidative stress.

Patients And Methods: A total of 100 pregnant women admitted for childbirth at the obstetrics department of the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province from September 2023 to September 2024 were included (normal group: 40 cases, PE group: 60 cases). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure Cd and Zn levels in maternal blood, umbilical cord blood, and placental tissues.

Enhanced Bifunctional Electrocatalysis of VN via D-Band Engineering for Rechargeable Zn-Air Batteries.

The insufficient d-electron density in V metal atoms limits O dissociation, constraining the kinetics and activity of the oxygen reduction reaction and the oxygen evolution reaction in VN-based catalysts. Herein, Co dopant was employed to modulate the electronic characteristics of the d-orbitals and associated free energy of VN, thereby further enhancing its catalytic activity. XPS and XANES spectra revealed that Co atoms replaced V and strongly bonded with neighboring N atoms, effectively regulating the local electronic structure.

Unpacking the role of exosomal proteins and nucleic acids in ischemic stroke: Insights from diverse cellular sources.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of a leading cause of global mortality and disability. Cell therapy has emerged as a novel adjunctive therapy. Studies have revealed that exosomes secreted by cells mediate the beneficial effects of such therapies.

Examining the impact of mannoproteins on the thermal stability of phenolic compounds in icewine environment: a mechanistic exploration of the interaction preference.

Chromatic quality of white icewines can deteriorate rapidly under high temperatures due to phenolic degradation. Mannoproteins, commonly recognized as an effective phenolic protector, exhibited dynamic behaviors towards phenolic compounds in icewines in heat destabilizing experiments, which could further aggravate the color deterioration. To investigate the correlated mechanism, mutual interactions among mannoproteins, phenolic compounds, and glucose were analyzed in model (ice)wine solutions with heat destabilizing experiments.

Recent progress in field-directed assembly of colloids in an evaporating droplet.

Evaporation-driven self-assembly of colloidal particles in a sessile drop can construct simple structures in various scenarios. However, the non-equilibrium self-assembly process, dominated by internal capillary flow and solute- or thermal-induced Marangoni flow, cannot guarantee the precise positioning of the particles. One can exert forces on individual suspended particles by introducing external field manipulation, which enables the construction of precise deposits and even 3D structures.

Mechanism of dual-pathway peroxymonosulfate activation via Co-N coordination-regulated broad-pH-adaptive carbon aerogel for ciprofloxacin degradation.

Ciprofloxacin(CIP) exhibits persistent stability in aquatic environments, rendering conventional treatment methods inefficient. In this study, a dual-functional material system integrating adsorption and catalysis was constructed through rational design of transition metal-doped carbon aerogels. Utilizing chitosan as the carbon source, Co@CsCA materials were synthesized via sol-gel method followed by high-temperature carbonization.

Umami-Transformer: A deep learning framework for high-precision prediction and experimental validation of umami peptides.

In food field, both identification of umami peptides and their sensory evaluation are limited by low efficiency of traditional methods and subjectivity of human-based assessments. To overcome these issues, Umami-Transformer was developed by integrating Transformer architecture with eight physicochemical descriptors. A classification accuracy of 0.

Study on Lapping Mechanism of Different Crystal Planes of Indium Phosphide: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Experimental Verification.

The unknown mechanism of lapping damage on different InP crystal surfaces constrains the device performance optimization. This study establishes a molecular dynamics (MD) model for nanoscale lapping of InP (100)/(110)/(111) surfaces using the Vashishta potential, combined with gradient lapping experiments (1 μm rough, 500 nm fine, 100 nm ultrafine diamond grits), to systematically reveal differences in material removal mechanisms and surface quality. The results show that the MD simulation agrees well with the experiments.

Application of four-section approach for prenatal diagnosis of Pierre robin sequence.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the four-section approach using two-dimensional sonography in diagnosing Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) during second-trimester screening.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on low-risk pregnant women undergoing routine mid-trimester screening. Cases with suspected micrognathia prenatally were included and examined using the four-section approach.

Lactiplantibacillus pentosus YXJ 1401 combats multidrug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis: Antibacterial activity, dairy preservation, and metabolomics.

The antibacterial activity, dairy biopreservative potential, and antibacterial compounds of the lactic acid bacterium Lactiplantibacillus pentosus remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of L. pentosus YXJ 1401 isolated from food-grade traditional Chinese pickles.

Upregulation of SQSTM1 Regulates Ferroptosis and Oxidative Stress in Müller Cells of the Diabetic Neural Retina by Modulating ACSL4.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide, is characterized by early neuronal damage in the retina, termed diabetic neuropathy in the retina (DNR). This condition is marked by neuronal apoptosis and glial activation. Müller glia are retinal cells highly susceptible to diabetic metabolic stress that may undergo ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation.

HWI encoding/decoding of a non-invasive HWI-BCI paradigm based on temporal variation abundance scale.

The performance of non-invasive Handwriting Imagery (HWI) input in Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems is highly dependent on the paradigms employed, yet there is limited research on interpretable scales to measure how HWI-BCI paradigms and neural encoding designs affect performance. This study introduces the "Temporal Variation Abundance" metric and utilizes it to design two classes of handwriting imagery paradigms: Low Temporal Variation Abundance (LTVA) and High Temporal Variation Abundance (HTVA). A dynamic time warping algorithm based on random templates (rt-DTW) is proposed to align HWI velocity fluctuations using EEG.

Epidemiological investigation of venomous snakebites in Yunnan Province.

Background: Snakebite envenoming constitutes a substantial public health concern worldwide. Yunnan Province, The lack of comprehensive epidemiological data on snakebite in Yunnan affects research, diagnostic, and treatment advancements. This research evaluates patient demographics, seasonal patterns, snake species associated with the disease, and treatment approaches to guide preventative and therapeutic initiatives in the province.

2D Molybdenum Disulfide Embedded Photonic Crystal Fiber for all-Fiber Phase Retarder.

The integration of 2D materials with optical fibers enables multifunctional fiber devices, such as polarizers, modulators, and sensors. Recent advances in direct vapor deposition growth further enhance light-2D material interactions to centimeter-scale lengths, overcoming the micrometer-scale limitations of transferred 2D materials. However, conventional methods for growing 2D materials in fibers typically produce isotropic material architectures due to uniform precursor deposition, limiting applications that require birefringence, such as a phase retarder.

Impact of regionally transported biomass burning on carbonaceous aerosol characterization, contribution and degradation in Pu'er, Southwest China.

Biomass burning (BB) emits carbonaceous aerosols that significantly influence air quality in Southwest China during spring. To further understand the characteristics of spring BB and its original contribution to organic carbon (OC), daily fine particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from March to May 2022 in Pu'er, Southwest China. The concentrations of OC, elemental carbon (EC), levoglucosan (Lev), and potassium from BB (K) during the study period ranged from 5.

"Pit-type Defects" strategy to improve the thermal stability of silver-based catalysts and copper-based catalysts.

Metal nanoparticle (NP) catalysts exhibit desirable activities in various catalytic reactions. However, the sintering of metal NPs at high-temperatures even in reducing atmospheres limits its practical application. In this work, we successfully synthesized TPA-ZSM-5 with pit-type defects by treating the ZSM-5 with tetrahydroxy ammonium hydroxide (TPAOH), which was then used as a support to prepare Ag-based and Cu-based catalysts.

Notoginsenoside R1 attenuates idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis through neuropilin-1/type 2 innate lymphoid cells pathway.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, high mortality, and limited therapeutic options. Notoginsenoside R1 (NG-R1), a major bioactive saponin derived from Panax notoginseng, possesses notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, suggesting therapeutic potential in fibrotic diseases. This study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms of NG-R1 in a mouse model of IPF induced by bleomycin (BLM), a chemotherapeutic agent commonly used to mimic pulmonary fibrosis.