Artificial intelligence meets HIV education: Comparing three large language models on accuracy, readability, and reliability.

BackgroundThis study compares three large language models (LLMs) in answering common HIV questions, given ongoing concerns about their accuracy and reliability in patient education.MethodsModels answered 63 HIV questions. Accuracy (5-point Likert), readability (Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, Coleman-Liau), and reliability (DISCERN, EQIP) were assessed.

Therapeutic Potential of Carnosine in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Preclinical Study in Muscle Tissue.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, a process involving the disruption and subsequent restoration of blood flow, is a significant contributing factor to both cardiovascular diseases and broader tissue damage. Carnosine, a natural dipeptide notably abundant in muscle tissue and recognized for its antioxidant attributes, may offer protective benefits against the deleterious effects of IR injury. A total of 24 rats were randomly allocated into four distinct groups: control, carnosine control, IR, and Carnosine + IR.

Difficulties in Emotional Regulation May Mediate the Relationship Between Low Mindfulness and High Emotional Eating in Adolescents with Obesity.

Although the effect of mindfulness on emotion regulation is known, the relationship between mindfulness and emotional eating has not been well-studied in adolescents to date. In this study, we investigated whether mindfulness has a direct effect on the level of emotional eating or whether this association is mediated by emotional dysregulation in a sample of adolescents with obesity. Our sample consisted of 80 adolescents with obesity.

Comparison of different surgical stabilization methods in recurrent anterior shoulder injuries in terms of pain, proprioceptive sensation, functional status, and muscle activation.

Introduction: This study was designed to compare the outcomes of Bankart, Latarjet, and Remplissage surgical procedures in patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability.

Methods: The study included 26 patients who underwent surgery for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. Pain levels, proprioceptive sensation, functional status, range of motion (ROM), grip strength, and muscle activation were assessed.

Training of trainers program in interprofessional education for health professionals in Türkiye.

Background: Training of Trainers Program that combines both theoretical and practical components and effectively enhance educators’ competencies in interprofessional education are rarely encountered. This study aimed to design and evaluate a Training of Trainers Program in Interprofessional Education intended to enhance participants’ awareness, knowledge, and self-perceived competencies related to the design, implementation, and improvements of interprofessional education practices among healthcare educators.

Methods: The study was planned and conducted between June 2023 and March 2024.

Effectiveness of progressive core stabilization training on anaerobic performance in elite athletes: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although progressive core stabilization training (PCST) improves sport-specific abilities, the effects of PCST on anaerobic performance and fatigue are still unclear today. Therefore, this prospective, single-blind (blinded: athletes, using placebo intervention), randomized (using random selection method) controlled study aimed to investigate the presence of these effects in elite athletes.

Methods: Athletes were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 30, 21.

Enhanced vs. standard low dose dexamethasone treatment on respiratory outcomes of preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: Premature infants are particularly vulnerable to complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although systemic steroids have been used for some time, no effective alternative treatments have emerged. This has led clinicians to investigate various dosing regimens and discuss the necessity of revising systemic steroid dosages.

The Effect of Oleuropein on the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is a disease that negatively affects social and work life and sometimes does not respond to many treatments. Therefore, new treatments are needed. For the prevention and treatment of allergies, oleuropein has been emphasized, and positive results have been shown in the literature.

Blood transfusion knowledge and practice among nurses in Turkey: A scenario sample.

Background: In the maintenance of this important application, it is very important to ensure safety and to prevent complications. Therefore, it must be careful in the transfusion of blood and blood component.

Aim: The aim of the study was to define nurses' blood transfusion-related knowledge levels and applications.

The effect of pathogens in the vaginal flora on preterm birth in pregnant women with short cervical length.

Objectives: The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of pathogens in the vaginal flora on preterm birth in pregnant women with short cervical length.

Material And Methods: In our study, 418 patients with asymptomatic cervical shortening in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical data such as age, cervical length measurement, gestational age at hospital admission and delivery, and vaginal microbiological findings were evaluated for all patients.

Association of patellofemoral malalignment with early trochlear and patellar chondromalacia: a prospective T2* mapping study.

Purpose: To investigate the association between patellofemoral malalignment and early-stage trochlear and patellar chondromalacia using the T2* mapping method.

Methods: Seventy-five patients were included in the study and divided into two groups based on the presence (patient group) or absence (control group) of patellofemoral malalignment on magnetic resonance imaging. The T2* mapping measurements were evaluated by dividing patellar and trochlear cartilage into 12 quadrants on sagittal slices.

The Prognostic Value of B12/CRP Ratio (BCR) in Patients Diagnosed With Solid Cancer.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prognostic effect of the serum vitamin B12 level/CRP ratio (BCR) on patients diagnosed with solid cancer.

Methods: Patients >18 years diagnosed with solid cancer were included in the study, the data of the patients were retrospectively examined, and the cut-off values for BCR were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Accordingly, grouping was performed, appropriate statistical analyses were performed, and  < .

Protective Effects of MK-801 on Apoptosis in Immature Rats With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem and an essential cause of morbidity and mortality during childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the apoptotic effects of MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, on hippocampal damage in 10-day-old rat pups exposed to contusion injury.

Methods: Forty-two Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 14 per group): control, trauma and MK-801 treatment.

A review of nanoparticles in bioinks.

A nanoparticle is commonly referred as a particle with a diameter between one to one hundred nanometers (nm). Nanoparticles are classified into 3 main groups based on their composition which are organic (polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes), inorganic (metal-based, metal oxide-based, ceramic-based, quantum dots (QDs)), and carbon-based nanoparticles (graphene/graphene oxide, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotubes). There have been numerous studies that used nanoparticles in bioinks to prepare tissues and organs for instance cartilage, bone, osteochondral, vascular, skin, muscle, nerve, liver and tendon.

The effects of video-based and blended learning on medication dosage calculation skills of paramedic students: A randomized, quasi-experimental study.

Background: Medication dosage calculation (MDC) is a vital component of clinical competence for healthcare providers, particularly in emergency medical services, where miscalculations can lead to life-threatening outcomes. This study aimed to compare and evaluate the effects of video-based learning (VBL) and blended learning (BL) on the MDC skills of paramedic students, with the hypothesis that BL would result in higher posttest MDC performance compared to VBL.

Methods: A randomized quasi-experimental design was used.

Thoracic CT findings and patient demographics associated with traumatic pneumothorax: recommendations for the emergency department.

Background: People with thoracic trauma often present to the emergency department with low-energy injuries and sustain rib fractures. This study aimed to assess the risk of traumatic pneumothorax in a patient cohort based on the radiological characteristics of rib fractures, along with patient and environmental variables.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of demographic characteristics, the number and nature of rib fractures, the date of trauma, and the correlation between pneumothorax and rib fractures in patients treated in the thoracic surgery departments of three centers between May 2021 and August 2024.

Second-victim experience in anesthesia and intensive care settings: Organizational gaps, support preferences, and recommendations for action - a cross-sectional study.

Healthcare professionals involved in the management of adverse events often experience psychological and physical distress, known as the "second victim experience." Anesthesia and intensive care settings are particularly vulnerable to such occurrences due to the high-stakes, and highly stressful work being performed by healthcare professionals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and dimensions of second-victim experiences among anesthesia and intensive care professionals in Türkiye, while also identifying support preferences and organizational deficiencies.

Effect of Work Stress and Eating Behavior: A Study Among Academicians in Türkiye.

Occupational stress is a common issue among academics. This study aims to determine the level of work stress experienced by academics depending on their titles and the relationship between this stress and eating behaviors. The data for the study were collected through an online survey from 649 academicians working in universities in Türkiye between January and February 2025.

The mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between alexithymia, somatosensory amplification, and functional impairment in fibromyalgia.

Objective: Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is a chronic multifaceted condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, cognitive difficulties, and emotional distress, predominantly affecting women. Although psychological factors are frequently implicated, their interrelations remain unclear. Key variables include alexithymia (particularly the difficulty identifying feelings [DIF] subdimension), somatosensory amplification (SSA), and mood symptoms.

Evaluation of the relationship between dry eye syndrome severity and corneal sensitivity.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the objective severity of dry eye disease subjective symptoms, and corneal sensitivity.

Methods: The study included 62 eyes from 31 healthy volunteers and 150 eyes from 75 patients diagnosed with dry eye disease . Participants underwent the Schirmer I test, tear break-up time assessment, and corneal staining evaluation using the Oxford Scale.

Team Collaboration Experiences of Nurses and Physicians Working in Inpatient Psychiatry Units Related to Physical Restraint Practices: A Qualitative Study.

AIM: To investigate team collaboration experiences of the nurses and physicians working in inpatient psychiatry units related to physical restraint practices in Türkiye. METHODS: The present study was conducted in the Adult Psychiatry Inpatient Unit of a university hospital in a province in western Türkiye between May 2022 and January 2023. The study data were collected through 11 individual, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews.

Accuracy of ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and Claude to Blepharoplasty-Related Questions.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of four large language models (LLMs)-ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and Claude-in responding to upper eyelid blepharoplasty-related questions, focusing on medical accuracy, clinical relevance, response length, and readability.

Methods: A set of queries regarding upper eyelid blepharoplasty, covering six categories (anatomy, surgical procedure, additional intraoperative procedures, postoperative monitoring, follow-up, and postoperative complications) were posed to each LLM. An identical prompt establishing clinical context was provided before each question.

Effects of safranal on antidiabetic and endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Objectives: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder that requires ongoing treatment. While oral hypoglycemic drugs are commonly used, they do not provide a permanent cure and can have adverse effects. In order to find more effective treatments with fewer adverse effects, researchers are focusing on herbal sources.

Factors Associated With Early Recurrence in Non-Surgically Managed Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax.

Background: The indications for surgery in primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) at first episode are clearly defined. Despite the indications, some patients avoid surgical treatment. This study examines the factors affecting early recurrence in patients who have not undergone surgical intervention.

Is There Any Relationship Between Idiopathic Scoliosis and Pineal Gland, Pituitary Gland, and Brain Ventricles?

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: This paper aims to contribute to the determination of the possible factors that may be associated with idiopathic scoliosis (IS) by assessing the dimensions in the pineal and pituitary gland volumes, and brain ventricle morphometry.

Summary Of Background Data: The role of hormones in growth and development is known.