Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylome and transcriptome reveals the epigenetic regulation of nitric oxide treatment in delaying apricot fruit senescence.

Apricot produces climacteric fruit, which are perishable after harvest. To elucidate the regulatory role of NO treatment through DNA methylation in post-harvest senescence, apricot fruits were treated with 0.2 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution for 10 min, with distilled water treatment serving as the control.

Characterization of the structure and properties of carboxymethyl sesbania gum and its antioxidant activity evaluation.

Carboxymethylation is a widely recognized method for modifying galactomannans, often employed to enhance their solubility, stability, and biological activities. In this study, carboxymethyl sesbania gum (CMSG) was synthesized under different reaction conditions, and the influence of these conditions on the degree of substitution was systematically assessed. Alkaline conditions were crucial for carboxymethylation, with reaction temperature, time, and etherifying agent concentration significantly affecting the degree of substitution.

Plant-derived bioactives in early-life complementary foods: a nutritional blueprint for lifelong health.

Background: The initial 1,000 days of life represent a critical window for determining long-term health. Nutrition in early life has a significant impact on developmental programming of metabolism, immunity, and gut microbiota, with long-term implications for chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Aim Of The Review: This review compiles evidence for the role of plant-derived bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, genistein, carotenoids, and chlorophyll, in early-life nutritional programming.

Factors influencing the effect of melatonin on sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication. The prevalence of ASD has risen globally. Sleep disturbances exacerbates the core symptoms of children with ASD, and numerous studies demonstrated that melatonin is efficacious in treating autism-related insomnia in children.

Therapeutic efficacy of a galactoglucan from in constipation: modulation of aquaporin signaling and intestinal barrier.

Introduction: Constipation is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder demanding effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of polysaccharide (PCP-g), a novel galactoglucan, against sucralfate-induced constipation murine model, focusing on intestinal motility, fecal parameters, aquaporin signaling, and gut microbiota modulation.

Methods: PCP-g was purified from and its physicochemical properties were characterized.

Mechanisms of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: The Role of NRF2 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Metabolic Reprogramming.

Cisplatin (Cis) is a widely used chemotherapy drug, but its nephrotoxicity limits its clinical application. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication, restricting long-term use. This study investigates the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced AKI and explores potential therapeutic targets.

Improvement in the aroma of watermelon juice by vacuum blending with linoleic acid addition.

Watermelon juice is favored by a large number of consumers as a summer heat-relieving tool. This paper aims to analyze the effect and improvement of linoleic acid combined with vacuum blending on the aroma of watermelon juice using modern molecular sensory technology. A total of 100 volatile organic compounds were identified, mainly small-molecule aldehydes, alcohols and ketones.

Effects of pectin with distinct structural characteristics on gut microbiota composition and metabolite profiles in naive mice.

Pectin, a dietary polysaccharide, has been proven to have numerous health benefits. However, the relationship between pectin's structure characteristics-specifically degree of esterification (DE) and molecular weight (MW)- and their influence on gut microbiota ecology remains incompletely understood. This study investigated the effects of four structurally distinct citrus pectins varying in DE (T26: 26 %, T36: 36 %, T52: 52 %, and T71: 71 %) and corresponding MW (T26: 394 kDa, T36: 752 kDa, T52: 929 kDa, and T71:1099 kDa) on intestinal microbiota composition in healthy murine models.

Transcriptome reveals the role of in the regulation of glucosinolate metabolism in broccoli.

To investigate role of () in the regulation of glucosinolate (GSL) metabolism, we conducted RNA-seq on overexpression line B42OE, knockout line B42CR, wild-type B42WT. plays a negative regulatory role in the transcription of transcription factors (TFs) and GSL pathway genes. Furthermore, overexpression reduces the content of aliphatic GSLs (especially glucoraphanin), but increases the content of indolic GSLs (especially glucobrassicin).

Evaluation of the nutritional, protein digestive and bioactive characteristics of a quinoa-based protein beverage.

This study investigated the nutritional, digestive properties and potential health effects of a quinoa-based protein beverage (QBPB). In terms of nutrition, QBPB demonstrated superior nutritional estimates than a commercial oat-based liquid beverage, with a higher essential amino acids/total amino acids ratio (40.69 %), essential amino acids/non-essential amino acids ratio (68.

Exploring the influence of rice proteins on the gel and digestive properties of rice noodles: based on the interaction with starch.

The structural interactions between starch and rice proteins play a pivotal role in shaping the textural and nutritional properties of rice noodles. This study systematically explored the multi-scale interactions between fractionated rice starch particles (classified by mesh size) and rice proteins during gel network formation, with a particular focus on their combined effects on rheological behavior and enzymatic digestibility. Results demonstrated that rice proteins significantly reduced starch pasting viscosity (from 3160 cP to 1628 cP) while enhancing shear stability, especially in systems containing smaller starch granules (<75 μm).

Interfacial adsorption and lubrication dynamics of β-lactoglobulin and MCT on the mucin layer.

It is important to understand the interactions between salivary mucin and food-origin proteins or lipids, which play key roles in food oral lubrication and sensory perception. This study investigates the roles of β-lactoglobulin (BLG, at different pHs) and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) on the adsorption and lubrication behavior of mucin in oral conditions. Lubrication tests suggested that BLG at pH 3.

Deciphering the interplay between pectin structural variability, intestinal bioavailability and gut microbiota metabolism: A review.

Pectins are parts of fruits, vegetables and other plant-based foods in the human daily diet. They are resilient to gastric digestion but undergo fermentation primarily in the large intestine, peaking in the cecum. The depolymerization of the pectins induced by the gut microbiota generally facilitates the subsequent fermentation of sugar monomers, during which SCFAs are primarily generated to exert multiple beneficial functions.

Understanding the processing and digestibility attributes of rice noodles supplemented with acetylated cassava starch.

This study investigated the impact of cassava modified starch (CMS), specifically acetylated cassava starch, on rice noodle quality, aiming to enhance texture and reduce starch digestibility. The effects of CMS addition on rice noodle gel texture and digestibility were analyzed using microstructure and spectral analysis. Results showed that the addition of CMS improved texture and processing characteristics up to an incorporation level of 20 %.

Isolation, Identification, and Potential Biotechnological Application on Soil Porosity of the Microbial Exopolysaccharides (EPS) from .

Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPS) exhibit high viscosity, offering significant potential for reducing soil porosity. In this paper, a kind of producing EPS was selected and its chemical and physical properties, including the morphology, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, structure, and rheological properties, were studied. Subsequently, the effect of EPS on soil porosity was investigated by the permeability coefficient and X-ray computed tomography (X-CT), and the mechanism by which EPS reduced soil porosity was elucidated.

Synergistic effect of lactopeptide and ectoine on delaying yellowing and maintaining the postharvest quality of pak choi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis).

Lactase peptide maintains food quality and ectoine stabilizes cell structure and function. The present study investigated the synergistic effect of 0.5 % lactopeptide and 0.

Correlation of physicochemical properties and volatile profiles with microbiome diversity in cucumber during lightly-pickling in seasoning liquid.

Lightly-pickled cucumber is a popular pickled product in Asian countries. However, its quality and microbial alteration during pickling and its correlation between microorganisms and quality are still unclear. Changes in physicochemical properties, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and microbial community during lightly-pickling cucumbers in seasoning liquid and their relationships were investigated.

Comprehensive characterization of the complexes of exopolysaccharides produced by Lactobacillus helveticus MB2-1 with polyphenols.

Background: Polyphenols have attracted widespread attention owing to their excellent biological activities. However, their low solubility and poor stability limit their bio-accessibility. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the complexation of polysaccharides with polyphenols represents an efficacious strategy to overcome these limitations.

Roles of different polysaccharides on the structures of alginate-based Bigel beads and co-delivery of bioactives.

Bigels are novel soft-solid materials, which attract increasing attentions in the food industry. In this study, bigel beads based on alginate hydrogel and monoglyceride oleogel were developed, and their structures were modified by adding various polysaccharides (pectin, carrageenan, chitosan, xanthan gum and konjac gum). The inclusion of polysaccharides generally increased bead size and decreased hardness, with chitosan reducing the shrinking rate and swelling ratio during simulated gastric-intestinal digestion.

Metabolome insights into nutrients and glucosinolates in broccoli and lacinato kale.

To elucidate differences in nutritional components and glucosinolates between broccoli and lacinato kale leaves, and to promote consumption of broccoli and kale leaves for human nutrition, food development, and by-product utilisation, this study used UPLC-MS/MS and HPLC for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of their metabolome and glucosinolate profiles. In broccoli leaves, 11 glucosinolates were identified, notably including high concentrations of glucoraphanin, glucobrassicin, and neoglucobrassicin. In contrast, lacinato kale leaves contained seven glucosinolates, with glucoraphasatin being the most abundant.

Combined genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the fruit development of bottle gourd ().

Bottle gourd ( (Molina) Standl) is a widely distributed Cucurbitaceae species, but gaps and low-quality assemblies have limited its genomic study. To address this, we assembled a nearly complete, high-quality genome of the bottle gourd (Pugua) using PacBio HiFi sequencing and Hi-C correction. The genome, being 298.

Gut microbiota and metabolic profile affected by pectic domains during in vitro rat fecal fermentation: A comparative study between different glycans rich in pectic monosaccharides.

This study aimed to investigate in vitro rat fecal fermentation behavior of pectic polymers and glycans that constitute typical pectic fragments, i.e. homogalacturonan (HG), arabinan (AB), arabinogalactan (AG), rhamnogalacturonan (RG), and xyloglucan (XG).

Overall quality changes of fresh-cut cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) during storage: Correlation of packaging materials and quality.

Various packaging materials significantly impact the quality of cowpeas, but the variations in quality are still unclear. This study investigated the quality of fresh-cut cowpeas in three kinds of polyethylene (PE) packaging materials (PE1, PE2, and PE3). Results showed that the quality deteriorated during storage, including the increase in total bacteria count and weight loss, texture softening, browning, and flavor changes.

In vitro simulated digestive properties of Monascus vinegar melanoidins, and cytoprotective functions on Caco-2 cells.

Monascus vinegar melanoidins (LVM), the primary constituents of Monascus vinegar, were subjected to in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion to assess their digestibility and bioactivity. While LVM underwent partial degradation, its core melanoidin structure remained intact. Structural characterization and chemical analysis revealed that carbohydrates, proteins, and phenols within LVM were affected during digestion.