Unleashing Superior Hydrogen Storage of Magnesium Hydride via Vanadium-Doped Bimetallic MXene.

Magnesium hydride (MgH) has been recognized as a promising hydrogen storage material because of its low cost and high hydrogen capacity. However, the sluggish kinetics and high operating temperature hindered its utilization. Herein, vanadium-substituted titanium-based bimetallic MXene (TiVC) was prepared to boost the hydrogen storage efficiency of MgH.

CGLoop: a neural network framework for chromatin loop prediction.

Background: Chromosomes of species exhibit a variety of high-dimensional organizational features, and chromatin loops, which are fundamental structures in the three-dimensional (3D) structure of the genome. Chromatin loops are visible speckled patterns on Hi-C contact matrix generated by chromosome conformation capture methods. The chromatin loops play an important role in gene expression, and predicting the chromatin loops generated during whole genome interactions is crucial for a deeper understanding of the 3D genome structure and function.

Study on the degradation mechanism of mechanical properties of red sandstone under static and dynamic loading after different high temperatures.

To study the effect of high temperature on the mechanical properties of red sandstone, YNS600 electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine and pneumatic separating Hopkinson press bar (SHPB) device were respectively used to conduct static and dynamic load loading tests on red sandstone after 500~1000 ℃ action, and X diffraction detection. The damage pattern and mechanical property index changes before and after high temperature action were compared, and the relationship between mineral composition, microstructure and mechanical parameters of the specimens and temperature was analyzed, and a theoretical model was constructed. With the increase of temperature, the peak strength and elastic modulus under static and dynamic loading decreased significantly, and compared with the static stress-strain curve, the dynamic stress-strain curve did not have an obvious compaction phase, and the mass loss rate, volume expansion rate, and longitudinal wave velocity attenuation rate increased above 600 ℃.

Quantitative characterization of damage characteristics of coal using evaluation parameters considering the spatial structural characteristics of fractures.

Stable underground tunnels and gas drainage boreholes are important guarantees for safe and efficient coal mining. The stability of these structures is closely related to the mechanical properties of coal and rock damage. Accurate quantification of coal and rock damage factors is a prerequisite for objective evaluation of damage mechanics.

Development and application of high-performance drilling hole protection materials.

The instability and collapse of the extraction borehole seriously affects the gas extraction effect, and it is of great significance to study the efficient borehole protection technology to improve the stability of the borehole and ensure the gas extraction effect. The purpose of this study is to develop an environmentally friendly borehole protection material with high strength, high permeability and controllable setting time, and then propose a borehole synergistic protection technology for in-hole screen protection and grouting reinforcement. The foaming agent mother liquor was obtained by hydrolysis of human slag, the composite protein foaming agent was prepared by improving the compounding of the mother liquor, pulverized coal was used instead of fly ash as mineral admixture, the water-cement ratio, material ratio and foaming agent addition amount of the optimal grouting material were determined by orthogonal tests, and the foam concrete with high strength and high permeability was prepared, and its on-site construction feasibility was verified by the dynamic curing characteristics experiment of coagulation time and fluidity.

Theoretical Exploration of a Noble Metal-Decorated Black Arsenic-Phosphorus Monolayer as a Highly Sensitive Gas Sensor for Dissolved Gas Detection in Power Transformers.

The aging or failure of power transformers poses a significant threat to both production and daily life, and employing characteristic dissolved gas detection offers an effective early warning system to mitigate such risks. In this study, we conducted first-principles simulations to investigate the adsorption and sensing characteristics of two-dimensional intrinsic and noble metal-decorated AsP monolayers toward four characteristic gases (CH, H, CH, and CO). Additionally, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the electronic structure and its impact on the sensing performance within the adsorption systems.

DconnLoop: a deep learning model for predicting chromatin loops based on multi-source data integration.

Background: Chromatin loops are critical for the three-dimensional organization of the genome and gene regulation. Accurate identification of chromatin loops is essential for understanding the regulatory mechanisms in disease. However, current mainstream detection methods rely primarily on single-source data, such as Hi-C, which limits these methods' ability to capture the diverse features of chromatin loop structures.

Error control method using crossed axes strategy in the five-axis thread milling process.

Thread milling plays a critical role in the machining of aviation components. However, for parts with complex shapes and high precision requirements, traditional three-axis milling often results in significant errors, making it difficult to meet the stringent machining specifications. In this paper, an error control method based on a crossed axes strategy for five-axis thread milling is proposed.

Deformation-resistant coaxial fiber photoelectrochemical sensor with vertical anchoring of graphene nanosheets for ultrasensitive glucose detection.

Endowing microelectrode architecture with eminent light-absorbing, analyte-trapping and mechanical robustness is pivotal but challenging for state-of-the-art photoelectrochemical monitoring. Herein, an effective tactic to tackle these issues was proposed for building coaxial fiber-shaped photoelectrochemical sensor, with multiscale vertically oriented channels created by highly ordered arrangement of molecule-recognized graphene (G) nanosheets serving as photoexcitation initiator along the direction perpendicular to the core-layer carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber acting as supporting and conductive matrix. The unique architectural features enabled rapid analyte diffusion and ready light spreading to photoactive and specific recognition sites situated at all channel walls, and meanwhile rendered the device with robust structural integrity, thereby showcasing impressive glucose-assaying capability with rapid response (0.

NHC-ligated gold nanoparticles derived from cluster precursors for carbon monoxide oxidation reactions.

Trinuclear gold clusters functionalized with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were thermally decomposed to form NHC-stabilized gold nanoparticles. By systematically adjusting the substituents and electronic structures of the N-heterocyclic carbenes, the size and Au active sites of the resulting gold nanoparticles were controlled, thereby modulating their catalytic performance in the conversion of CO to CO at the minimum temperature of 50 °C with an excellent efficiency.

SHOX2 and RASSF1A methylation in diagnosing malignant pleural effusion induced by lung cancer.

Background: Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a thoracic complication disease characterized by tumors, predominantly resulting from advanced lung cancer. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of SHOX2 and RASSF1A methylation as a supplementary diagnostic tool for lung cancer-induced MPE with uncertain pathological diagnoses.

Materials And Methods: Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) was used to assess SHOX2 and RASSF1A methylation levels in 98 pleural effusion samples.

Quantifying multi-sphere impacts on mountain runoff of a Third Pole River.

Understanding the changes in mountain runoff and their driving forces across multiple spheres (e.g., atmosphere, glaciers, and vegetation) is crucial for water resource management in global mountain regions and their dependent downstream areas.

The coupling relationship and driving mechanism between ecological environment and high-quality economic development in the Middle Yellow River Basin.

Promoting the dynamic balance between economic development and ecological environment is key to achieving the "dual carbon" goals and sustainable development. The Middle Yellow River Basin, characterized by severe soil erosion and intensive resource utilization, serve as a critical area for advancing ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. This study examines the spatial-temporal differentiation and coupling coordination characteristics of the ecological environment (EE) and high-quality economic development (HQED) across 226 counties in the Middle Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2020.

Morphological and environmental varieties of the Cambrian stromatolites in Western Henan, North China Craton.

Morphological varieties of Cambrian stromatolites in western Henan, North China Craton were essentially related to palaeoenvironmental parameter changes of the marine-floor. Small plexiform, hemispherical-smooth wavy, small columnar, irregular small columnar stromatolites, and stromatolites that surrounding flat-pebble conglomerate limestones are identified, in which the last type of stromatolite is unique, and they possess different macromorphology and micromorphology characteristics. A large number of Girvanella fossils, which were distributed in prostrate or horizontal and winding or overlapping patterns, were preserved in the laminae of stromatolites, and the dark laminae were formed by combined effect of Girvanella and precipitation of calcium carbonate.

Migration of heavy metals and microbial metabolic regulation mechanisms in the co-fermentation of coal slime and sawdust.

Heavy metals (HMs) significantly affect the anaerobic fermentation of coal slime (CS), while sawdust serves as a promising substrate for methane bioconversion and an effective adsorbent for HMs. To explore the migration of HMs and improve the conversion efficiency of CS and sawdust to biomethane, experiments were conducted on the co-fermentation of CS and sawdust with different mass ratios. FT-IR, ICP-MS, SEM-EDS, and metagenomic sequencing were employed to elucidate the regulation mechanism of microorganisms after adding sawdust in altering the toxicological environment.

Universal Single Atom Engineering Enhances Coulombic Efficiency of Ion Storage in Carbon Materials.

Metal single atoms are widely used to optimize the microstructure of carbon materials to improve their ion storage capacity and rate performance, but the impact on another key parameter, Coulombic efficiency (CE), is not sufficiently addressed and confirmed. Herein, a universal phenomenon is reported that carbon-loaded asymmetric sulfur-modified metal-N moiety (MN-S, M = Zn, Fe, Cu, and Ni) possesses higher CE than the symmetric MN moiety, and this phenomenon is applicable to various of carbon matrices, ions (Li, Na, and K), charge and discharge rates, and electrolyte formulations. The carbon-loaded asymmetric MN-S moiety exhibits larger CEs (0.

Surface Characteristics and Fatigue Resistance of Ultrasonic Rolling-Treated 20Cr1Mo1V1A Valve Stem.

The valve stem made of 20CrMo1V1A has low surface resistance and high susceptibility to corrosion, significantly curtailing its service life. To address these issues, a high-quality ultrasonic rolling (USR) technology was applied to the 20CrMo1V1A stainless steel valve stem to enhance its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Subsequently, fatigue and corrosion tests were conducted on the valve stem.

Analysis of urban subway construction collapse disaster chain and research on chain breaking and disaster reduction.

In recent years, China 's major cities set off a climax of subway construction, but also brought an endless stream of safety accidents. In order to analyze the impact of the evolution process of urban subway construction collapse disaster on residents ' life and social economy, by collecting typical cases of subway construction collapse disaster, combined with disaster chain and complex network theory, the network model of subway construction collapse disaster chain is constructed, and the key node events and key propagation paths are analyzed. Based on this, targeted chain-breaking disaster reduction measures are proposed.

Study on the effect of surface cracks in overburden on radon exhalation in uranium tailings ponds under freeze-thaw cycles.

Freeze-thaw (F-T) climate causes cracking in the soil cover of uranium tailing ponds, and the exhalation of the carcinogenic gas radon needs to be monitored under the phenomenon. In laboratory experiment, cracking tests under 5 F-T cycles were carried out on 3 soil uranium tailing pond models, including Gansu loess (GS-L), Hengyang laterite (HY-L), and Hebei loess (HB-L). Each cycle consisted of -15 °C, 12 h of freezing and 15 °C, 12 h of thawing.

deepTAD: an approach for identifying topologically associated domains based on convolutional neural network and transformer model.

Motivation: Topologically associated domains (TADs) play a key role in the 3D organization and function of genomes, and accurate detection of TADs is essential for revealing the relationship between genomic structure and function. Most current methods are developed to extract features in Hi-C interaction matrix to identify TADs. However, due to complexities in Hi-C contact matrices, it is difficult to directly extract features associated with TADs, which prevents current methods from identifying accurate TADs.

GrainNet: efficient detection and counting of wheat grains based on an improved YOLOv7 modeling.

Background: Seed testing plays a crucial role in improving crop yields.In actual seed testing processes, factors such as grain sticking and complex imaging environments can significantly affect the accuracy of wheat grain counting, directly impacting the effectiveness of seed testing. However, most existing methods primarily focus on simple counting tasks and lack general applicability.

Development rule of ground fissure and mine ground pressure in shallow burial and thin bedrock mining area.

With the increase of coal seam mining intensity in the western mining area, which has the typical mining geological characteristics of shallow burial depth, thin bedrock and thick loose layer, the structure of overburden rock has also changed greatly. When there is only one key layer structure in the thick bedrock and it is close to the coal seam, the strata pressure and surface crack development law of the working face are different from those of previous research results. Based on the research background of 52,307 large mining height working face in Daliuta Coal Mine, this paper adopts similar simulation and numerical simulation techniques to systematically study the strata pressure and surface crack development laws of the working face under the roof condition of such main key layer.

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and evolution of traditional villages in the Qihe River Basin of China.

The Qihe River Basin, renowned as one of the cradles of Chinese civilization and a river that flows in the Psalms, boasts a rich cultural heritage. River basins have historically been the cradle of civilization, nurturing the prosperity and enduring cultures that have supported sustained human civilization. This research focuses on investigating the temporal and spatial transformations of traditional villages in the Qihe River Basin.

Co-Sensitization of ZnCoO Hierarchical Microspheres with MoO and Ag Nanoparticles for Chemiresistive Detection of Acetone.

Recently, the detection of acetone by using a gas sensor fabricated with metal oxide semiconductors has stimulated intense research enthusiasm, owing to its promising application in the noninvasive diagnosis of diabetes by monitoring human exhaled breath. In this work, a potential acetone sensor was fabricated by comodification of the nanosheets-assembled ZnCoO hierarchical microspheres (HMSs) with MoO and Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The ZnCoO HMSs were synthesized via a solvothermal route and then sequentially modified with MoO and Ag NPs via immersion, calcination, and photoreduction routes.

Trichostatin A augments cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through / endoplasmic reticulum-stress pathway.

Background: The causes of death in patients with advanced esophageal cancer are multifactorial, with tumor metastasis being one of the important factors. Histone acetylation promotes the migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells, while the histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) shows complex effects on tumor functions.

Aim: To comprehensively elucidate the impact and molecular mechanisms of trichostatin A (TSA), an HDACi, on cell migration in ESCC through bromodomain-containing protein (BRD4)/cellular myelocytomatosis oncogene (c-Myc)/endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress.