Rice Wine Fermentation: Unveiling Key Factors Shaping Quality, Flavor, and Technological Evolution.

Rice wine, as a traditional fermented beverage, has its quality and flavor influenced by a combination of multiple factors. This review provides an overview of the key aspects of rice wine production, including raw material selection and processing, the regulation of quality by brewing techniques, the mechanisms of microbial community interaction during fermentation, and the types and formation mechanisms of major compounds in rice wine (including flavor compounds and non-volatile components). The study highlights that different raw materials and processing methods significantly impact the fundamental flavor profile of rice wine, while fermentation conditions and dynamic changes in microbial communities determine its flavor complexity and stability.

Recent Advances in Liquid Metal-Based Reconfigurable Functional Materials Enabled by Dynamic Interfacial Design.

Liquid metals, recognized for their advantages such as room-temperature fluidity and chemical reactivity, hold significant potential as emerging cutting-edge reconfigurable functional materials in advanced technologies. However, owing to their high surface tension, low shape stability, and susceptibility to oxidation, the achievement of elaborate structural regulation and functional construction during compositing is highly challenging, in which the interfacial design is one of the core issues. Herein, this mini-review briefly outlines the latest advances in LMs-based soft materials with high mechanical properties and reconfigurability, focusing on supramolecular interfacial design strategies for achieving dynamic and multifunctional materials through inorganic-organic interactions, including hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and metal coordination bonds and, furthermore, dynamic interfacial phases construction.

The critical role of arachidonic acid on molting in spiders.

Spiders frequently suffer abnormal molting and subsequent death when sustained on a monotypic diet of fruit flies . The fruit flies lack arachidonic acid (AA), a nutrient that may be critical for successful molting of spiders. To test this hypothesis, we compared the survival rates of juvenile wolf spiders, , fed on three kinds of diets, midges ( sp.

Sperm depletion and mate choice of the crab spider, (Fahricius).

Mounting evidence suggests that male sperm may be gradually depleted after consecutive matings, resulting in the decline of female reproductive output in insect species. It is predicted that females may employ adaptive strategies to avoid the sperm-depleted males, such as mating multiply with different males and/or discriminating against previously mated males (MMs). Similarly, males may exhibit adaptive behaviors toward females varying in mating status.

The Combination of Safety, Attractiveness, and Accessibility Lead to Bias in Inventory of Wetland Plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Assessments of inventory incompleteness often focus on terrestrial taxonomic groups, with less attention given to freshwater ecosystem groups. In this study, we constructed a wetland plant database for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and evaluated the inventory incompleteness of wetland plants. By combining three types of variables: safety, attractiveness, and accessibility, we identified the key drivers of inventory incompleteness and established priority areas for further investigation.

An adaptive non-equidistant grey model with four parameters and its applications in deformation monitoring.

The processing and analysis of deformation monitoring data, as well as the establishment of effective forecasting models, form the foundation for assessing whether deformation is within a safe range and for selecting appropriate preventive and disaster reduction measures. Conventional forecasting models are difficult to accurately forecast future phenomena by analyzing deformation data with non-equidistant characteristic, so a non-equidistant grey model has emerged. The article optimizes the traditional non-equidistant grey model from three aspects, thus proposing an adaptive non-equidistant grey model with four parameters, which contains nonlinear and linear terms as well as stochastic perturbation term.

Facile synthesization of NaOH activated hierarchical porous biochar from cucumber straw for the effective removal of doxycycline in aqueous solution.

The effective utilization of biomass waste for the fabrication of biochar adsorbents has aroused significant interest. In this work, a novel hierarchical porous biochar (HPBC) was successfully synthesized by dry mixing combined with one-step pyrolysis method using cucumber straw as a raw material and NaOH as an activator. The prepared HPBC was then applied to remove doxycycline (DOX) from aqueous solutions.

The HNRNPC/CELF2 signaling pathway drives glycolytic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction in drug-resistant acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive cancer with high treatment resistance, often leading to poor patient outcomes. Metabolic reprogramming plays a critical role in AML progression, influencing drug resistance (DR) and tumor survival. This study investigates the HNRNPC/CELF2 signaling pathway and its impact on AML cell metabolism and DR.

Chain mediating effect of frailty and depression between nutrition and quality of life in elderly stroke patients.

Elderly stroke patients generally have a lower quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of frailty and depression in the relationship between nutrition and quality of life in elderly stroke patients. The researcher used the convenience sampling method to select 193 cases of elderly stroke patients who were admitted to the Department of Neurology of a tertiary general hospital in Qingdao from July 2023 to March 2024, and the questionnaires were investigated using the General Information Questionnaire, the Tilburg Frailty Assessment Index Scale (TFI), the Depression Screening Scale (PHQ-9), the Simplified Quality of Life Scale for Stroke Patients (SV-SS-QoL), and the Mini-Nutrition Assessment Scale (MNA-SF).

MAZ-induced lncRNA H19 regulates proliferation and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells via sponge miR-935/miR-296-5p and the p38 MAPK pathway.

Skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation are important stages in skeletal muscle development, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in both stages. We previously determined the basal functions of lncRNA H19 (H19) and the drebrin 1 (DBN1) gene in porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs). However, the mechanisms for H19 and DBN1 regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of PSCs are still unclear.

GrainNet: efficient detection and counting of wheat grains based on an improved YOLOv7 modeling.

Background: Seed testing plays a crucial role in improving crop yields.In actual seed testing processes, factors such as grain sticking and complex imaging environments can significantly affect the accuracy of wheat grain counting, directly impacting the effectiveness of seed testing. However, most existing methods primarily focus on simple counting tasks and lack general applicability.

BO-CNN-BiLSTM deep learning model integrating multisource remote sensing data for improving winter wheat yield estimation.

Introduction: In the context of climate variability, rapid and accurate estimation of winter wheat yield is essential for agricultural policymaking and food security. With advancements in remote sensing technology and deep learning, methods utilizing remotely sensed data are increasingly being employed for large-scale crop growth monitoring and yield estimation.

Methods: Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a new remote sensing metric that is closely linked to crop photosynthesis and has been applied to crop growth and drought monitoring.

Self-Healing Yet Strong Actuator Materials with Muscle-Like Diastole and Contraction via Multilevel Relaxations.

Skeletal muscles represent a role model in soft robotics featuring agile locomotion and incredible mechanical robustness. However, existing actuators lack an optimal combination of actuation parameters (including actuation modes, work capacity, mechanical strength, and damage repair) to rival biological tissues. Here, a biomimetic structural design strategy via multilevel relaxations (α/β/γ/δ-relaxation) modulation is proposed for mechanical robust and healable actuator materials with muscle-like diastole and contraction abilities by orientational alignment of dendritic polyphenol-modified nano-assembles in eutectogels.

A d-Cd Cluster Containing Sandwich-Type Arsenotungstate Exhibiting Fluorescent Recognition of Carcinogenic Dye in Methanol.

A d-Cd cluster containing sandwich-type arsenotungstate [CHN][CdCl(B--AsWO)] was synthesized and its structure characterized through elemental analyses, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), IR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray analysis revealed that the molecular unit of the compound consists of a captivating tetra-Cd-substituted sandwich-type polyoxoanion, accompanied by six elegantly protonated 1,2-diaminopropane as counter ions. The further novelty of the tetranuclear cadmium cluster lies in its occupied chlorine atom sites.

Field test and numerical research on explosion crater in calcareous sand.

The explosion in foundation poses a significant threat to people and buildings. Currently, a unified empirical prediction formula for crater in calcareous foundation has not been established. In this paper, analyzed the types and sizes of explosion crater with different scaled burial depths through field tests and numerical simulation.

Cold Exposure Alleviates T2DM Through Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Purpose: Anecdotal reports have praised the benefits of cold exposure, exemplified by activities like winter swimming and cold water immersion. Cold exposure has garnered acclaim for its potential to confer benefits and potentially alleviate diabetes. We posited that systemic cold temperature (CT, 4-8°C) likely influences the organism's blood components through ambient temperature, prompting our investigation into the effects of chronic cold exposure on type 2 diabetic (T2DM) mice and our initial exploration of how cold exposure mitigates the incidence of T2DM.

Precision estimation of winter wheat crop height and above-ground biomass using unmanned aerial vehicle imagery and oblique photoghraphy point cloud data.

Introduction: Crop height and above-ground biomass (AGB) serve as crucial indicators for monitoring crop growth and estimating grain yield. Timely and accurate acquisition of wheat crop height and AGB data is paramount for guiding agricultural production. However, traditional data acquisition methods suffer from drawbacks such as time-consuming, laborious and destructive sampling.

Analysis of bZIP transcription factors in Rhododendron simsii and functional study of RsbZIP6 in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis.

The basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play a critical role in various plant biological processes, including anthocyanin biosynthesis. This study focuses on Rhododendron simsii, a notable ornamental species with insufficiently explored bZIP transcription factors. We identified 66 bZIP transcription factors in the R.

Vascular wall microenvironment: Endothelial cells original exosomes mediated melatonin-suppressed vascular calcification and vascular ageing in a m6A methylation dependent manner.

Vascular calcification and vascular ageing are "silent" diseases but are highly prevalent in patients with end stage renal failure and type 2 diabetes, as well as in the ageing population. Melatonin (MT) has been shown to induce cardiovascular protection effects. However, the role of MT on vascular calcification and ageing has not been well-identified.

Monomer Trapping Synthesis Toward Dynamic Nanoconfinement Self-healing Eutectogels for Strain Sensing.

The rapid advancement in attractive platforms such as biomedicine and human-machine interaction has generated urgent demands for intelligent materials with high strength, flexibility, and self-healing capabilities. However, existing self-healing ability materials are challenged by a trade-off between high strength, low elastic modulus, and healing ability due to the inherent low strength of noncovalent bonding. Here, drawing inspiration from human fibroblasts, a monomer trapping synthesis strategy is presented based on the dissociation and reconfiguration in amphiphilic ionic restrictors (7000-times volume monomer trapping) to develop a eutectogel.