Effects of Immunostimulants on Physiological Performances, Immune Gene Expression, Liver, and Intestinal Protection Against Infection in Juvenile Asian Seabass ().

The present study aims to develop a more valuable innovative aquaculture feed for the sustainable aquaculture industry. An experiment with a completely random design was developed with five groups containing 0% immunostimulant and 0.5% ginger, 1.

Glymphatic dysfunction associated with cortisol dysregulation in major depressive disorder.

Cortisol dysregulation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of depression, but its exact impact on the brain remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 210 participants, including 164 depressed patients and 46 healthy controls (HCs), were assessed. Glymphatic circulation was evaluated on Magnetic Resonance Imaging via choroid plexus (CP) volume fraction, perivascular space (PVS) volume fraction, fractional volume of extracellular-free water (FW), and diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index.

ScaleFormer architecture for scale invariant human pose estimation with enhanced mixed features.

Human pose estimation is a fundamental task in computer vision. However, existing methods face performance fluctuation challenges when processing human targets at different scales, especially in outdoor scenes where target distances and viewing angles frequently change. This paper proposes ScaleFormer, a novel scale-invariant pose estimation framework that effectively addresses multi-scale pose estimation problems by innovatively combining the hierarchical feature extraction capabilities of Swin Transformer with the fine-grained feature enhancement mechanisms of ConvNeXt.

Fruit-Fly-Optimized Weighted Averaging Algorithm for Data Fusion in MEMS IMU Array.

The weighted averaging algorithm is a widely adopted high-efficiency data fusion approach for micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) inertial measurement unit (IMU) array, where the configuration of weighting coefficients plays a critical role in improving measurement accuracy. In this study, an optimal weighted averaging algorithm based on the fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) is proposed by analyzing the data fusion mechanism of the MEMS IMU array. Firstly, a measurement model for the MEMS IMU array is constructed, and the principles of data fusion are systematically investigated.

Associations of Metal Mixtures with Lipid Profiles: Exploring the Mediating Role of Testosterone in a Cross-Sectional Study.

Metal exposure is a critical driver for dyslipidemia, yet the associations and underlying mechanisms between them remain uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between metal exposure, lipid profile, and total testosterone (TT) and to explore the mediating role of TT in 548 manganese-exposed male workers. We quantified 15 blood metals alongside serum lipid profiles [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] and TT levels.

Preparation of nanocellulose from bagasse and its application in chitosan composite films.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are promising for preparing composite materials for food packaging and preservation; however, few studies have utilized nanocellulose from sugarcane bagasse for developing composite membranes. In this study, CNC from bagasse was prepared, CNC/chitosan (CS)/glycerol composite membranes were obtained by the mixing and extensional flow method, and the formulations were optimized using single-factor and orthogonal tests to investigate the effects of CNC, CS and glycerol on the mechanical properties, barrier properties, structure and thermal stability of the composite films. The composite film prepared showed better performance at CNC, CS and glycerol concentrations of 1, 1.

Iron(III)-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Annulation of 2-Arylindoles with 1,2-Diaminoarenes and -Butyl Nitrite (TBN) to Prepare 2-Aminoaryl Quinoxalines.

A variety of 2-aminoaryl quinoxaline derivatives were prepared in moderate to excellent yields through the iron(III)-catalyzed ring-opening of 2-substituted indoles and sequential annulation with 1,2-diaminoarenes in the presence of -butyl nitrite (TBN) as the oxidant. Experimental results revealed that the reaction might undergo TBN-mediated nitrosation, tautomerization, iron(III)-catalyzed condensation, intramolecular cyclization, and aromatization via selective C-N bond cleavage in one pot. More importantly, a paracyclophane-derived 2-aminoaryl quinoxaline could be synthesized in 38% total yield over three steps from paracyclophane.

Effects of flour addition on the food quality, microstructure, digestibility and antioxidant capacity of rice noodles.

flour (PCF) is rich in active substances such as flavonoids, polysaccharides, and trace elements, which can be added to food to enhance its nutritional value while imparting product quality. In this study, we investigated the effects of PCF on the quality and characteristics of rice noodles. The addition of PCF to rice noodles conferred a yellow colour, while increasing cooking quality.

Residency trainees' perceptions and attitudes towards faculty evaluation: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Residency trainees' evaluations of faculty are recognized as a crucial component for enhancing teaching quality in medical education. This study aimed to investigate the perceptions and attitudes of residency trainees towards faculty evaluation.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among residency trainees in a hospital in southwest China from July to August 2024.

Lateral Rutile/Anatase Biphase TiO Superlattice: Its Step-Assisted Controllable Growth and Interfacial Structure.

Rutile/Anatase (R/A) biphase TiO has superior photocatalytic performance than its single-phase counterpart due to the effect of interface band alignment. However, two crucial issues remain unresolved: First, the controllable growth of epitaxial R/A TiO with unburied interfaces is extremely challenging. Second, the direction of electron flow is full of controversy since the atomic and electronic structures of the R/A interface have not been experimentally obtained.

Insights into Rh size-dependent reactivity of CO methanation over Rh-AlO catalysts.

The hydrogenation of CO to methane at atmospheric pressure is a significant chemical approach to achieve carbon neutrality and gain renewable energy. However, developing catalysts with high selectivity and high methane yield remains challenging. In this study, a series of Rh-AlO catalysts with varying Rh particle sizes were prepared by modulating the Rh loading amounts.

Prevalence and associated factors of depressive symptoms among older adult diabetic patients in China: a nationally representative cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetes and depressive symptoms exhibit a high comorbidity in the older adult population, and their combined effects significantly reduce patients' quality of life. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among older adults with diabetes in China and identify key associated factors, providing evidence-based insights for the development of targeted intervention strategies.

Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2015, 2018, and 2020 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), including older adults aged 60 years and above who have been diagnosed with diabetes ( = 3,609).

Experimental Study on Shear Performance of Longitudinal Joints in Prefabricated Invert Arch for Mountain Mining Method Tunnels.

In order to improve the efficiency of highway tunnel construction and ensure the construction quality, the design concept of a prefabricated inverted arch and partial cast-in-place lining of highway tunnels by a mining method is put forward. During the assembly of prefabricated tunnel invert arches, the longitudinal joints between adjacent invert sections were subjected to shear forces due to the combined effects of the invert's self-weight and construction equipment loads. This study investigated the shear performance of these longitudinal joints under construction loads, with a particular focus on the influence of bolt-tightening torque.

A Carbon Nanofiber Electrochemical Sensor Made of FeMn@C for the Rapid Detection of Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone in Edible Oil.

Overuse of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) as a food antioxidant has the potential to pollute the environment and threaten human health. Therefore, it is imperative to develop precise and rapid methods to detect TBHQ in food products. In this study, Fe- and Mn-doped Prussian blue analogs (FeMn-PBAs) were prepared by co-precipitation, FeMn-PBAs/PAN was prepared by electrostatic spinning, and a novel FeMn@C/CNFs composite was prepared by carbonization in nitrogen.

Antioxidant and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activities of (T. Nees) C.A. Meyer.

Obesity and its associated complications, including oxidative stress, pose significant global health challenges. Natural products offer a promising avenue for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the potential of (T.

Dual-Check CRISPR-SERS strategy for sensitively detecting Monkeypox DNA and its single-base mutated DNA.

This study presents a convenient and efficient dual-check strategy for detecting Monkeypox DNA utilizing the SERS (Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy)-CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) system. The Monkeypox plasmid DNA (mpDNA) is recognized by the CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-Cas12a protein complex, where crRNA encompasses a targeting complementary sequence. Upon recognition, the trans-cleavage activity of Cas12a is activated and trans-cleaves the probe DNA (Cy3-ssDNA) which is modified on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs).

Study on the interactive evolution mechanism of residents' energy use behavior in shared living spaces.

Guiding residents of shared living spaces to implement energy-saving behaviors can help improve building energy efficiency and promote the realization of the Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals. Since there are different subjects with different energy-use behaviors in shared living spaces, exploring how these heterogeneous subjects interact with each other is the key to guiding the energy-saving behaviors of residents in shared living spaces. Therefore, based on the evolutionary game theory, this study quantifies the utility of heterogeneous subjects under different combinations of strategies from five dimensions: social, environmental, economic and comfort needs, and effort, and constructs a mechanism model of the interaction and evolution of energy-use behaviors of heterogeneous subjects in shared living spaces.

Light-Induced 1,4-Difunctionalization of Doubly Activated Cyclopropanes for the Synthesis of 3-Ethylacylamino-2-quinolones.

Two methods for the synthesis of 3-ethylacylamino-2-quinolones through the light-induced 1,4-difunctionalization of doubly activated cyclopropanes were described. These methods were conducted under mild, oxidant-free, and transition-metal-free conditions, with a broad scope of substrates and good functional group tolerance, leading to the synthesis of 3-ethylacylamino-2-quinolones that can be easily scaled up to the gram scale. Studies on the reaction mechanism indicate that the reaction involves the propagation of radical chains and the combination of Ritter-type and Combes/Conrad-Limpach-type reaction pathways.

Comparative outcomes of image-guided percutaneous catheterization versus direct visualization catheterization for peritoneal dialysis: A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Debate persists on the optimal catheterization method for peritoneal dialysis (PD). This meta-analysis aimed to compare the outcomes of image-guided percutaneous catheterization (IGPC) versus direct visualization catheterization (DVC) for peritoneal dialysis.

Materials And Methods: From the inception of the database until July 16, 2024, four databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the central database) were searched for literature comparing IGPC versus DVC for peritoneal dialysis.

Stillbirth increase long-term health risks of diabetes, CVD, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality.

Background: Fewer studies on association of single stillbirth exposure with long-term health outcomes in women. In this study of cohort data from UK Biobank, we aim to explore the association of stillbirth with the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and stroke.

Methods: We initially included 502,366 participants aged 40-69 years.

The association between the incident risk of Parkinson's disease and depression in middle-aged and older adults, and the moderating role of lifestyle: evidence from the CHARLS.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) and depression frequently coexist in middle-aged and older populations, potentially influencing each other. This study explores the relationship between depression and PD risk and investigates the association between lifestyle score and PD risk.

Methods: Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) for adults aged 45 and above were analyzed.

An explainable machine learning model for early warning of hypertensive and hypotensive anomalies in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Background: Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and intradialytic hypertension (IDHTN) are major complications of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) that significantly impact patient morbidity and mortality. Effective, explainable prediction of IDH and IDHTN can improve their management.

Methods: This study introduces a dual-model system for predicting IDH and IDHTN, using SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) to enhance explainability.

Rapid Detection of Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Human Blood and Urine Samples Based on NiCoP/PVP/PAN/CNFs Electrochemiluminescence Sensor.

Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) is a first-generation antihistamine that is frequently used to treat allergic reactions. However, excessive consumption presents potential health risks. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a quick and precise technique for identifying CPM levels.

Integrated Electrochemical and Computational Elucidation of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Chloride as an Efficient Leveler for Copper Microvia Superfilling.

Levelers are indispensable additives for achieving void-free, bottom-up superconformal copper filling of microvias. Establishing the molecular-level correlation between leveler structure and performance is therefore essential to the continued advancement of microelectronic copper-plating technology. Herein, nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) is identified as an efficient leveler for copper microvia superfilling.