Cerebral network topology and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity changes associated with cognitive impairment in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

Objectives: To characterize the network topology and peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) and their correlation with cognitive impairment in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and to assess whether such impairments are reversible after treatment.

Methods: Ninety-one OSA patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) participated. Patients were classified into mild group (n = 37) and moderate-severe group (n = 54) based on apnea-hypopnea index.

Glymphatic dysfunction associated with cortisol dysregulation in major depressive disorder.

Cortisol dysregulation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of depression, but its exact impact on the brain remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 210 participants, including 164 depressed patients and 46 healthy controls (HCs), were assessed. Glymphatic circulation was evaluated on Magnetic Resonance Imaging via choroid plexus (CP) volume fraction, perivascular space (PVS) volume fraction, fractional volume of extracellular-free water (FW), and diffusion tensor imaging along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index.

Development of diffusion analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index during childhood and adolescence: Evidence from two longitudinal cohorts.

Brain glymphatic activity, as indicated by diffusion analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index, has been discovered to participate in the pathogenesis of atypical development. However, little is known about the physiological developmental trajectory of the DTI-ALPS index during childhood and adolescence. Here, we evaluated DTI-ALPS index developmental characteristics and investigated its potential association with sex in 627 participants from two longitudinal cohorts.

All-Solution-Processed IGZO Optoelectronic Synaptic Transistor with Dual-Mode Operation toward Artificial Vision Applications.

Realizing the dual-mode electric and optical synaptic plasticity within one neuromorphic device is impressive for the construction of a compact artificial visual system. Here, we proposed indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) photoelectric synaptic transistors utilizing all-solid-state electrolytes (Li-doped ZrO) as gate dielectric layers. The device was fabricated by using a facile and cost-effective all-solution method.

Inflammation and psychomotor retardation in depression: The moderating role of glymphatic system.

Background: Psychomotor retardation (PMR) is a predominant symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The relationship between inflammation and PMR is the subject of ongoing debate. The glymphatic system (GS) is a waste clearance system in the brain that interacts with the immune system.

Decoupling of global signal and cerebrospinal fluid inflow is associated with cognitive decline in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea.

Objectives: The role of cortical glymphatic dysfunction in the cognitive impairment of the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) requires further study. To compare the coupling between the resting-state blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signals (BOLD-CSF coupling), a proxy for the cortical glymphatic function, across patients with differing severities of OSA and relate them with disease characteristics and treatment.

Methods: A total of 153 participants (89 OSA patients and 64 matched controls) were prospectively included.

Symptom-based depression subtypes: brain dynamic specificity and its association with gene expression profiles.

At least 227 combinations of symptoms meet the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). However, in clinical practice, patients consistently present symptoms in a regular rather than random manner, and the neural basis underlying the MDD subtypes remains unclear. To help clarify the neural basis, patients with MDD were clustered by symptom combinations to investigate the neural underpinning of each subtype using functional resonance imaging (fMRI).

Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Nanosheets with Rich Free Oxygen Atoms for NO Sensing.

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are under fast development in broad applications but have not been well explored for chemiresistive gas sensing yet primarily due to insufficient active sites. Herein, a new porphyrin-based HOF-199 is constructed by OH···O hydrogen bonds featuring layered networks and rich free oxygen (O) atoms, which is further exfoliated into few-layer nonosheets with more dangling O sites through an ultrasound-assisted liquid exfoliation method (namely L-HOF-199). Benefiting from rich electron-donor sites, L-HOF-199 demonstrates exceptional NO sensing properties under ambient conditions, achieving a remarkable 3.

Bio particle swarm optimization and reinforcement learning algorithm for path planning of automated guided vehicles in dynamic industrial environments.

Automated guided vehicles play a crucial role in transportation and industrial environments. This paper presents a proposed Bio Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) algorithm for global path planning. The BPSO algorithm modifies the equation to update the particles' velocity using the randomly generated angles, which enhances the algorithm's searchability and avoids premature convergence.

Modified stochastic diffusion particle-tracking model (MSDPTM) incorporating energy cascade theory and eddy intermittency for suspended sediment transport in open channel flow.

This study presents a modified stochastic diffusion particle tracking model (MSDPTM) that incorporates energy cascade theory to more accurately simulate suspended sediment transport. The impact of turbulent eddies on sediment particles is an intermittent process, which is also considered in this study. The study examines the time correlation between eddies using eddy turnover time and finds that closer-scale eddies exhibit higher correlations than those farther apart.

Glymphatic System in Preterm Neonates: Developmental Insights Following Birth Asphyxia.

Background: Birth asphyxia (BA) and germinal matrix hemorrhage-intraventricular hemorrhage (GMH-IVH) are common clinical events in preterm neonates. However, their effects on the glymphatic system (GS) development in preterm neonates remain arcane.

Purpose: To evaluate the developmental trajectory of the GS, and to investigate the effects of BA and GMH-IVH on GS function in preterm neonates.

Spatiotemporal discoordination of brain spontaneous activity in major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread mental health issue, impacting spatial and temporal aspects of brain activity. The neural mechanisms behind MDD remain unclear. To address this gap, we introduce a novel measure, spatiotemporal topology (SPT), capturing both the hierarchy and dynamic attributes of brain activity in depressive disorder patients.

Evaluation of Glymphatic System Development in Neonatal Brain via Diffusion Analysis along the Perivascular Space Index.

Objective: Glymphatic system is a recently discovered macroscopic waste clearance system associated with numerous neurological diseases. However, little is known about glymphatic system development in neonates. We sought to evaluate diffusion along the perivascular space (ALPS) index, a proxy for glymphatic system function, in neonates and investigate its potential associations with maturation, sex, and preterm birth.

Association of MRI Indexes of the Perivascular Space Network and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Background The role of perivascular space (PVS) dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) requires further study. Purpose To compare MRI indexes of PVS across patients with differing severities of OSA and relate them with disease characteristics and treatment. Materials and Methods This single-center prospective study included healthy controls (HCs) and patients with complaints of snoring who underwent MRI and cognitive evaluation between June 2021 and December 2022.

VisualSphere: a Web-based Interactive Visualization System for Clinical Research Data.

Clinical research data visualization is integral to making sense of biomedical research and healthcare data. The complexity and diversity of data, along with the need for solid programming skills, can hinder advances in clinical research data visualization. To overcome these challenges, we introduce VisualSphere, a web-based interactive visualization system that directly interfaces with clinical research data repositories, streamlining and simplifying the visualization workflow.

Tailoring atomically local electric field of NiFe layered double hydroxides with Ag dopants to boost oxygen evolution kinetics.

The demand for clean energy sources has driven focus towards advanced electrochemical systems. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) constrain the energy conversion efficiency of relevant devices. Herein, a one-step method is reported to grow oxygen vacancies (V) rich NiFeAg layered double hydroxides nanoclusters on carbon cloth (V-NiFeAg-LDH/CC) for serving as the self-supporting electrode to catalyze OER.

Green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide by using tropical microalgae and its application in biophotovoltaic devices.

The successful commercialization of algal biophotovoltaics (BPV) technology hinges upon a multifaceted approach, encompassing factors such as the development of a cost-efficient and highly conductive anode material. To address this issue, we developed an environmentally benign method of producing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), using concentrated sp. UMACC 313 suspensions as the reducing agent.

Reduced coupling between global signal and cerebrospinal fluid inflow in patients with depressive disorder: A resting state functional MRI study.

Background: Depressed patients often suffer from sleep disturbance, which has been recognized to be responsible for glymphatic dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the coupling strength of global blood‑oxygen-level-dependent (gBOLD) signals and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflow dynamics, which is a biomarker for glymphatic function, in depressed patients and to explore its potential relationship with sleep disturbance by using resting-state functional MRI.

Methods: A total of 138 depressed patients (112 females, age: 34.

Comparative effects of modified rotary scarf osteotomy and traditional scarf osteotomy in treating moderate to severe hallux valgus: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Traditional Scarf osteotomy (TSO) is an effective procedure with a good record in moderate to severe hallux valgus (MSHV) surgery. In order to overcome shortcomings of TSO, Modified Rotary Scarf osteotomy (MRSO) was introduced in this study, which aimed to compare the clinical and radiological outcome in the patients treated with MRSO or TSO.

Methods: Of 175 patients (247 feet) with MSHV, 100 patients (138 feet) treated with MRSO and 75 patients (109 feet) treated with TSO were evaluated according to relevant indicators in twenty-four months follow-up.

Nonplanar π-Conjugated Sulfur Heterocyclic Quinone Polymer Cathode for Air-Rechargeable Zinc/Organic Battery with Simultaneously Boosted Output Voltage, Rate Capability, and Cycling Life.

π-conjugated organic compounds with a good charge transfer ability and rich redox functional groups are promising cathode candidates for air-rechargeable aqueous Zn-based batteries (AAZBs). However, the output voltage of even the state-of-the-art π-conjugated organic cathodes lies well below 0.8 V, resulting in insufficient energy density.

A Dual-Layer Weight-Leader-Vicsek Model for Multi-AGV Path Planning in Warehouse.

Multiple automatic guided vehicles are widely involved in industrial intelligence. Path planning is crucial for their successful application. However, achieving robust and efficient path planning of multiple automatic guided vehicles for real-time implementation is challenging.