Genetic dissection of yield and yield-related traits in mungbean based on QTL meta-analysis.

As an important food crop and nutritional source, mungbean has prioritized yield improvement as a key objective in breeding programs. In present study, we conducted a QTL meta-analysis to integrate 660 QTLs related to yield and yield-related traits in mungbean published over the past 20 years. A total of 590 initial QTLs were mapped onto a high-density consensus map, resulting in the identification of 72 meta-QTLs (MQTLs).

Preparation of a precursor complex containing lignin/silica hybrids and styrene-butadiene rubber via a one-pot method to fabricate high-performance rubber materials.

Lignin/silica hybrids are promising rubber-reinforcing fillers because of their low cost and renewability. Phosphorylated kraft lignin (PKL), NaSiO·9HO, and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were used in this study to prepare a PKL-SiO/SBR complex via a simple one-pot method. The PKL-SiO/SBR complex was subsequently processed to produce rubber composite materials.

Engineering of an L-threonine aldolase from Firmicutes bacterium for the stereoselective synthesis of Droxidopa.

Adol condensation mediated by L-threonine aldolase (LTA) is a promising route to synthesize β-hydroxy-α-amino acids, such as the anti-Parkinson's disease drug L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (L-threo-DOPS; droxidopa). However, the biocatalytic approach generally suffered from poor stereoselectivity at the C chiral center. Herein, several LTAs from diverse microorganisms were examined for the stereoselective synthesis of L-threo-DOPS, and an LTA from Firmicutes bacterium (FbLTA) was identified with relatively high stereoselectivity.

Identification and engineering of a sucrose synthase from Stevia rebaudiana for glycosylation applications.

Sucrose synthase (SuSy) is a unique glycosyltransferase that can be utilized in the production of nucleoside monosaccharides, such as diphosphate (UDP)-glucose, which serve as essential sugar donors for the glycosylation reactions catalyzed by UDP-dependent glycosyltransferases (UGTs). The selection of an appropriate SuSy coupled with a UGT is crucial for achieving the efficient synthesis of glycoside products. In this study, three candidate SuSy genes were identified from the transcriptome sequencing of Stevia rebaudiana, among which SrSUS1 was found to be expressed and active in Escherichia coli.

Synergistic Interface Engineering and Band Alignment Enable High-Temperature Capacitive Performance in PAEK-Based Polymer Nanocomposites.

Polymer dielectric capacitors are crucial devices of high-power electrical systems for capacitive energy storage. The large conduction loss of polymer dielectrics at elevated temperatures and electric fields is the main challenge. Herein, dielectric nanocomposites of BNNS/poly(aryl ether ketone) (PAEK) regulated by interfacial engineering and band alignment are presented, significantly restraining the conduction loss and greatly enhancing the energy storage density at high temperatures and high electric fields.

Scale up of fermentation of recombinant Escherichia coli for efficient production of spider drag silk protein MaSp1s and its dimers.

Background: Spider dragline silk exhibits ultrahigh tensile strength and excellent ductility, making it one of the best-performing natural biomaterials. The major ampullate spidroin (MaSp1) has promising applications in the biomedical, chemical, and military industries owing to its good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. The generation of recombinant spidroin can significantly facilitate its scaled production but has several challenges, including the high cost of the downstream spidroin solubilization process and the resulting toxicity due to the use of organic solvents.

From formate oxidation to CO₂ reduction: The role of formate dehydrogenase in sustainable carbon utilization.

The escalation of global climate change and environmental degradation has made it imperative to develop innovative strategies to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions and enhance its utilization. Formate dehydrogenase (FDH) is a key enzyme capable of catalyzing the reversible conversion between CO₂ and formate. Due to its critical role in sustainable carbon recycling processes, FDH has garnered significant attention in recent times.

Enhancing Cordycepin Biosynthesis in via Lipid Droplets Compartmentalization Engineering and Optimized Fermentation Strategies.

Cordycepin, a physiologically active nucleoside compound with broad applications in healthcare, is biosynthesized in through a protein complex formed by CmCns1 and CmCns2. To enhance cordycepin heterologous production in , this study confirmed the colocalization of CmCns1 and CmCns2 on lipid droplets, with CmCns1 dominating this process by recruiting CmCns2 from the cytoplasm to lipid droplets via strong interactions. Critical lipid-droplet-targeting motifs within CmCns1 were identified.

Comparative Transcriptomics and Intestinal Microbiome Analysis Provide Insights into the Semi-Terrestrial Adaptation of .

, a Grapsidae family member, can adapt to terrestrial and semi-terrestrial environments. This study used transcriptomic and microbiome analyses to explore its adaptation mechanisms. Transcriptome analysis showed gene changes related to cytoskeleton-motor, water-osmotic pressure, and energy metabolism.

Insights into the molecular mechanism on high salt tolerance of electroactive microorganisms collaborated by biochar supported cerium dioxide.

Electroactive microorganisms are a promising approach for treating high-salinity organic wastewater, however, they are highly susceptible to salt stress, which can compromise their metabolic activity. In this paper, biochar supported nano-cerium dioxide catalyst (BC-CeO) was prepared to strengthen electroactive microorganisms in high salt environment. It was found that BC-CeO significantly improved the bioelectrochemical and metabolic activity of microorganisms in high salt environment (600 mM NaCl) compared with the Control.

Improving ergothioneine content in Pleurotus citrinopileatus through two-stage oxidative stimulus strategy.

Mushroom is an important agricultural crop, rich in various nutrients and bioactive compounds. Ergothioneine (EGT), a naturally occurring antioxidant, is found in mushrooms that offers significant health benefits. This study developed a two-stage oxidative stimulus strategy to enhance the EGT content.

Multi-fingerprint analysis for interpretation of the quality differences in polysaccharides during Dendrobium huoshanense traditional processing.

The interpretation of the chemical quality differences during Dendrobium huoshanense (D. huoshanense) traditional processing into 'Fengdou' is critical for scientifically evaluating the medicinal value, optimizing the processing methods, and ensuring the stability and predictability of its efficacy. In this study, the quality differences of polysaccharides during the processing of D.

The new strategies for high efficiency removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes by direct bio-drying of biogas slurry: Microbiological mechanisms.

High levels of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) still exist in biogas slurry after anaerobic digestion of cow manure. In this study, direct bio-drying strategies of cow manure biogas slurry without solid-liquid separation for the removal of antibiotics and ARGs were explored. The results showed that, after direct bio-drying of biogas slurry, the moisture contents decreased to 25.

Exploring biosynthetic potential of the endophytic BLH34 using whole-genome sequence analysis and molecular networking.

An in-depth genomic and metabolomic investigation was conducted on the endophytic fungus BLH34, isolated from . Hybrid sequencing (Illumina-Nanopore) generated a high-quality 27.9 Mb genome (GC 48.

Supramolecular Entanglement Driven Emissive Aggregate Densification Enabling Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Hydrogels with Ultrastretchability and Crack-Tolerance.

Polymeric room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) hydrogels are emerging candidates for many advanced photonic applications. Unfortunately, phosphorescence of the introduced RTP chromophores can easily be quenched in water-swollen hydrogel networks, limiting their luminescence performance and application adaptability. Herein, we propose a supramolecular confinement-entanglement synergy strategy to produce ultrastretchable RTP hydrogels by in-situ polymerizing high-concentration 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride (AETC) in the presence of preassembled 4-biphenylboronic acid@β-cyclodextrin (4-BB@β-CD) emissive aggregates.

Preparation of polylactic acid/chitosan oligosaccharide films loaded metal-organic framework composite L-theanine and eugenol and its antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

In this study, based on the porous characteristics of the metal-organic framework, the inclusion complex of L-theanine (L-the) and Eugenol (Eug) was prepared, and polylactic acid (PLA)/chitosan oligosaccharide (CSO) was used as polymer scaffold to fabricate fibrous films by electrospinning. The results showed that with the addition of inclusion complexes, the solution viscosity and the diameter of the fiber increased, the thermal stability improved, hydrophobicity enhanced, water vapor permeability reduced, mechanical properties destroyed, and brittleness increased. The surface of the plate inhibition zone showed a high inhibition effect on Escherichia coli (E.

High-yield spidroin mimics for bioinspired fibers via computational design.

The exceptional mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of spider silk make it a promising biomaterial, yet large-scale production remains hindered by challenges in heterologous expression. Existing prokaryotic systems face bottlenecks due to spidroins' high molecular weight, repetitive sequences, and GC-rich motifs, leading to low yields, premature transcription termination, and insoluble inclusion bodies. Addressing these challenges, the study integrates deep learning and bioengineering to design water-soluble, β-sheet-rich spidroin mimics optimized for efficient prokaryotic expression.

Synthesis of pyridino[2,1-]quinazolinones a visible light-induced functionalization of alkynes/nitrile insertion/cyclization tandem sequences in continuous-flow technology.

We successfully developed an unprecedented route to pyridino[2,1-]quinazolinone synthesis through a visible light-induced functionalization of alkynes/nitrile insertion/cyclization tandem sequences in a microchannel reactor. The yield of the template reaction under optimized conditions is 91%. This photocatalytic reaction provides rapid, facile, and practical access to valuable polycyclic quinazolinone, and is amenable to the gram scale.

Biofilm engineering to improve succinic acid production in Escherichia coli by enhancing extracellular polysaccharide synthesis.

Biofilms play crucial roles in enhancing microbial tolerance to environmental stress. Biofilm engineering in industrial microorganisms has been a promising and efficient approach to improve the production of metabolites. In this study, the psl gene cluster from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, for extracellular polysaccharide synthesis, was first introduced in a succinic acid (SA) producing Escherichia coli strain to enhance the biofilm formation ability.

A self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere based paper assay for sensitive glucose detection.

Glucose detection plays a crucial role in health monitoring, and the development of efficient and convenient detection platforms is highly desired. This study presents a sensitive and convenient detection system for non-invasive glucose detection in sweat, which is formed by combining the self-assembled gold-spiked nanosphere (GSN) nanozyme with paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The GSN nanozyme exhibits excellent glucose oxidase-like catalytic activity, significantly enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of glucose detection.

Klebsiella pneumoniae under xylose pressure: the growth adaptation, antimicrobial susceptibility, global proteomics analysis and role of XylA and XylB proteins.

Klebsiella pneumoniae can be cultured in medium with xylose as the sole carbon source. However, the effect of xylose exposure on its growth adaptation, virulence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and proteomic response remain unclear. Here, we show that low concentrations of xylose (≤ 2%) promote the planktonic growth of three K.

Engineering strategies for producing medium-long chain dicarboxylic acids in oleaginous yeasts.

Medium-long chain dicarboxylic acids (DCAs, C ≥ 6) are essential chemical raw materials, with wide applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical, material and food industries. However, the traditional chemical synthesis methods cause environmental pollution and are not in line with goals of sustainable development. With the development of synthetic biology, high-value-added DCAs can be biosynthesized from hydrophobic substrates (HSs) using suitable microorganisms.

Self-cascade reaction triggered colorimetric detection of choline in triple-negative breast cancer.

Achieving a simple process, detailed information, and visual response for cancer diagnosis and treatment is desirable but challenging. Herein, we develop a self-cascade system-triggered colorimetric array for the sensitive detection of choline, a promising biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The system utilizes a ChOx-Ce probe, where ChOx catalyzes the oxidation of target choline to betaine, generating HO, which then in situ reacts with Ce to form a CeO nanozyme.

Dialkylation of 1,3-Dienes with Aldehydes and Cyclopropanols toward Homoallylic Alcohols by Dual Photoredox and Chromium Catalysis.

A visible-light-induced three-component coupling of aldehydes, 1,3-dienes, and cyclopropyl alcohols using dual photoredox and chromium catalysis is herein described. This efficient protocol achieves the dialkylation of 1,3-dienes toward 1,4-disubstituted homoallylic alcohols in moderate to good yields with excellent regioselectivity, featuring mild reaction conditions, good functional group tolerance, and gram-scale synthesis. Mechanistic study suggests that photoinduced sequential ring opening of cyclopropyl alcohol and radical and nucleophilic cascade addition are involved in the catalytic cycle.