Shortwave Infrared Hemicyanine-6 for Cancer-Activated and Shaving-Free Preclinical Imaging of Lung Metastasis.

Fluorescence imaging in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) window enables deeper tissue and higher-contrast visualization of pathological events compared to that in the conventional near-infrared (NIR) window. However, specific SWIR detection of biomarkers of interest remains challenging because few fluorophore scaffolds are available to be further modified into biomarker-activatable SWIR probes. Herein, we employ a highly efficient approach to synthesize six hemicyanine derivatives with emissions extending to the SWIR region and structural amenability for construction of activatable probes.

Transcriptomic profiling reveals the adaptive mechanisms of Penaeus vannamei alkali-tolerant families under combined pH and alkalinity stress.

Soil salinization is an increasingly critical global issue for which fishery-based utilization has emerged as a promising mitigation strategy. Penaeus vannamei is an ideal species for aquaculture in saline-alkali waters; however, the differences in alkali tolerance among various families and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, alkali-tolerant families were identified through median lethal time (LT) assays under high alkalinity and elevated pH.

Factors influencing elbow function after internal fixation of complex distal humeral fractures in adults.

Background The study aimed to analyze the clinical factors influencing the surgical outcomes of distal humeral fractures in adults, providing a reference for improving prognosis. Methods from January 2017 to December 2023, clinical data from 130 patients were collected; 91 met inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Factors such as age, gender, BMI, laterality, causes of injury, whether the injury was open, fracture classification, use of arch support, and the quality of fracture reduction were analyzed for their impact on outcomes.

Gamma-tocopherol vitamin E enhances the cytotoxicity of p-cresyl sulfate to renal tubular cells.

Background: The protein-bound uremic toxins p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) are commonly found at elevated levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and can promote oxidative stress leading to the progression of renal disease. However, whether PCS or IS can directly cause renal-cell damage remains unknown. Vitamin E is comprised of eight major forms, one of which (gamma-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol) is commonly found in various cooking oils such as corn oil and soybean oil.

Q221K mutation in VP2 drives antigenic shift of infectious bursal disease virus.

Introduction: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a severe immunosuppressive disease caused by the infection of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in chicken. Recently, an emerging mutant named novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV) has rapidly spread in China and become a prevalent strain. However, little is known about the unique antigenic sites of nVarIBDV escaped from current IBDV vaccines.

Donor liver natural killer cells ameliorate liver allograft rejection via inducing apoptosis of alloreactive CD8 T cells generating CD4CD25 regulatory T cells.

The roles of donor liver natural killer (NK) cells in allogeneic liver transplantation remains controversial. Herein, we investigated the effects of liver NK cells on liver allograft tolerance by using liver NK cells and allogeneic spleen T cell co-culture in vitro experiments and the rat orthotopic liver transplantation model. CD8 T cells exhibited higher apoptotic rate and up-regulated expression of CD95 molecules when co-cultured with allogeneic liver NK cells in vitro, indicating that liver NK cells might induce the apoptosis of CD8 T cells via CD95 in vitro.

The SOX18-OTUB1-YAP1 axis: a new endometriosis target.

Background: EMS (Endometriosis) is characterized by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside the uterus and is one of the most common gynecological disorders. SOX18 (SYR-related high-mobility group box 18) is a transcription factor whose expression is higher in ectopic endometrial tissues than in eutopic endometrial tissues. However, its role in EMS has not been confirmed.

Isolation and molecular characteristic of subgroup J avian leukosis virus in Guangxi and Jiangsu provinces of China during 2022-2023.

Subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) has significantly affected the global poultry industry, with rapid mutations and frequent outbreaks in the poultry industry of China, challenging the current eradication strategies. In this study, virus isolation, identification, and complete genome sequencing of suspected ALV-J-infected samples collected from Guangxi and Jiangsu provinces during 2022-2023 were performed. Four ALV-J strains (designated as, GXZM01, GXZM02, JSZM02, and JSZM963) were successfully isolated and sequenced, with genome lengths ranging from 7487 to 7636 bp and a homology of 82.

A base-stacking-driven ratiometric electrochemical biosensor using dsDNA-mediated MB-and-cholesterol co-immobilization: A model of hydrophobic versatile platform for biosensing.

It remains a huge challenge to integrate the stability, reproducibility, and sensitivity of electrochemical DNA biosensors (E-sensors) for practical applications in a simplistic yet cost-effective way. In this work, we present a versatile and inclusive hexanethiol self-assembled monolayer (HT SAM) platform that strategically recruits cholesterol and methylene blue (MB) through double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) coordination, incorporating immobilization and reference functionalities onto the HT SAM. Systematically augmented anchoring sites substantially enhanced interfacial DNA probe immobilization stability and efficiency.

Klebsiella pneumoniae under xylose pressure: the growth adaptation, antimicrobial susceptibility, global proteomics analysis and role of XylA and XylB proteins.

Klebsiella pneumoniae can be cultured in medium with xylose as the sole carbon source. However, the effect of xylose exposure on its growth adaptation, virulence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and proteomic response remain unclear. Here, we show that low concentrations of xylose (≤ 2%) promote the planktonic growth of three K.

Crystallinity- dependent heteroaggregation and co-sedimentation between polystyrene nanoplastics and iron (hydro)oxides.

Iron (hydro)oxides (IOs) with different crystallinities are widespread in the aquatic environment. They coexist with nanoplastics (NPs) and tend to interact with each other. The properties of minerals can greatly influence the heteroaggregation of minerals and NPs, being manifested not only in the heteroaggregation capacity but also in the interaction mode.

APOC1 expressed in macrophages promotes the pulmonary metastasis of colorectal cancer via CCL2/CCL5.

Metastasis is the main cause of death in colorectal cancer (CRC), and the lungs are common sites of metastasis. However, there is little effective target to intervene colorectal cancer pulmonary metastasis (CCPM), especially on its unique immune microenvironment. In this study, sixteen genes were identified as core CCPM-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CRC and CCPM.

Ectodysplasin-A deficiency exacerbates TMJOA by upregulating ATF4/Ihh signaling in mice.

Objective: Ectodysplasin-A (EDA) has been reported to be involved in mouse condylar development, but the specific functions of EDA in maintaining homeostasis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the underlying roles and related mechanisms of EDA in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA).

Design: The TMJOA mouse model was established by unilateral discectomy and the alteration of EDA expression was detected.

Nuclear-Targeted Material Enabled Intranuclear MicroRNA Imaging for Tracking Gene Editing Process.

Gene editing technology based on clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) systems serves as an efficient tool in cancer therapy. Tracking the gene editing process can help identify the progress of cancer treatment. However, existing techniques for monitoring the gene editing process rely on lysed cells, which can not reflect the dynamic changes of nucleic acid in living cells.

Capsanthin inhibits migration and reduces N-linked glycosylation of PD-L1 via the EZH2-PD-L1 axis in triple-negative breast cancer brain metastasis.

Breast cancer metastasis to the brain, occurring in about 15-25% of cases, represents a major obstacle in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The molecular mechanisms driving this form of metastasis are still largely unknown. PD-L1, an immune checkpoint protein, is central to tumor immune evasion and has become a focus for immunotherapy development.

The clinical impact of galectin-8 in drug resistant breast cancer.

Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally. A significant challenge in lowering breast cancer death rates is multidrug resistance. This resistance arises through various mechanisms, such as heightened drug efflux, improved DNA repair, escape from senescence, epigenetic modifications, tumor heterogeneity, alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Insights into the role of dissolved organic matter derived from paddy soils with different parent materials in the environmental behavior of heavy metal adsorbed by ferrihydrite.

The interaction between dissolved organic matter (DOM) and ferrihydrite (Fh) is a crucial process to control the environmental behavior of heavy metals (HMs) in soil environments, with DOM playing a particularly strong role in HMs fate. Since chemical properties of DOM vary based on different soil parent materials, the underlying impact of DOM-Fh associations on HMs binding remains unclear. This study systematically investigated the interactions between DOM from three soil parent materials (fluvial alluvium: FDOM, sand-shale: SDOM and granite: GDOM) and Fh, and meanwhile understand their effects on the environmental behavior of Cd and Pb under various environmental conditions.

Primary tumor resection might improve outcomes in metastatic thoracic esophageal cancer.

The study aims to evaluate the survival impact of primary tumor resection (PTR) on thoracic esophageal cancer with distant metastasis(TECDM). Data of patients with TECDM was collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database(SEER) from 2010 to 2020. A 1:1 propensity-score matching(PSM) analysis was employed to minimize heterogeneity between the groups.

Identification and validation of pyroptosis patterns with a novel quantification system for the prediction of prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The role of pyroptosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains unclear. This study aimed to screen pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) and construct a model to investigate the immune infiltration, gene mutations, and immune response of patients of LUSC.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of pyroptosis patterns in patients with LUSC with 51 PRGs.

Genomic characterization reveals distinct mutational landscape of acral melanoma in East Asian.

Acral melanoma, the most common melanoma subtype in East Asia, is associated with a poor prognosis. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the genomic characteristics of acral melanoma in East Asians. We conduct whole-genome sequencing of 55 acral melanoma tumors and perform data mining with relevant clinical data.

Protective Efficacy of an Inactivated Recombinant Serotype 4 Fowl Adenovirus Against Duck Adenovirus 3 in Muscovy Duck.

Background: Duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) is an emerging pathogen that has caused severe economic losses to the duck industry in China. Recently, the infection of ducks with serotype 4 fowl adenovirus (FAdV-4) has also been reported in China. Therefore, an efficient bivalent vaccine to control the diseases caused by DAdV-3 and FAdV-4 is extremely urgent.

Hypoxia-tolerant polymeric photosensitizer prodrug for cancer photo-immunotherapy.

Although photodynamic immunotherapy represents a promising therapeutic approach against malignant tumors, its efficacy is often hampered by the hypoxia and immunosuppressive conditions within the tumor microenvironment (TME) following photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we report the design guidelines towards efficient Type-I semiconducting polymer photosensitizer and modify the best-performing polymer into a hypoxia-tolerant polymeric photosensitizer prodrug (HTPS) for cancer photo-immunotherapy. HTPS not only performs Type-I PDT process to partially overcome the limitation of hypoxic tumors in PDT by recycling oxygen but also specifically releases a Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) inhibitor (Niclosamide) in response to a cancer biomarker in the TME.

SOCS1: A potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for aggressive gliomas and a new target for immunotherapy.

Gliomas, the most common and deadly cancers of the central nervous system, present a unique immunological barrier that severely undermines the effectiveness of immunotherapies. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), belonging to the SOCS protein family and playing a pivotal role in various cancer treatment strategies and is abundant in high-grade gliomas. This study conducted a comparative analysis of SOCS1 and glioma immune checkpoints.

Sonodynamic Nano-LYTACs Reverse Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Extracellular and transmembrane proteins, which account for the products of approximately 40% of all protein-encoding genes in tumors, play a crucial role in shaping the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). While protein degradation therapy has been applied to membrane proteins of cancer cells, it has rarely been extended to immune cells. We herein report a polymeric nanolysosome targeting chimera (nano-LYTAC) that undergoes membrane protein degradation on M2 macrophages and generates a sonodynamic effect for combinational cancer immunotherapy.