Fresh Genetic Insights Into Micronutrients Influences on Restless Legs Syndrome Risk.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has a multifactorial etiology, and current treatments are suboptimal. Micronutrients influence neuromuscular and dopaminergic function, yet their causal role in RLS is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate whether circulating micronutrients causally influence the risk of RLS by applying an integrated two-sample, bidirectional, and multivariable Mendelian Randomization (MR) strategy.

Bronchial pyroptosis promotes Th17 inflammation in steroid-insensitive asthma mouse.

Bronchial cell pyroptosis and IL-17 respectively contribute- to the pathogenesis of steroid-insensitive asthma. In this study, we aim to explore the relationship between bronchial cell pyroptosis and Th17 in airway inflammation of steroid-insensitive asthma. The steroid-insensitive asthma model of mice was induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI), which was also intraperitoneally injected with NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inhibitor MCC950.

Successful live birth via in vitro fertilization in a patient with lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a case report.

Background: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a rare, estrogen-sensitive multisystem disorder that predominantly affects women of reproductive age. Pregnancy and fertility interventions present a unique challenge in patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis, as an elevated estrogen level during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and pregnancy may exacerbate the disease.

Case Presentation: We describe a 43-year-old Han Chinese female patient diagnosed with sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis because of recurrent pneumothorax and diminished ovarian reserve who had a strong desire for pregnancy.

Virtual reality is emerging training applications for anesthesia simulation.

As rapid development of medical technology, virtual reality (VR) technology has been extensively applied in anesthesiology training. Anesthesia simulation base on virtual reality technology offers an innovative teaching method for the professional training of anesthesiologists, both anesthesia technical training and improving teaching efficiency. The anesthesia technical training, include airway management, spinal/epidural anesthesia, nerve block skill training, and pain management.

Exercise and the organ-brain axis: Regulation of neurological disorders by emerging exerkines.

Research on exercise and brain disorders has traditionally focused on its direct regulatory effects on neurons and synapses, neglecting peripheral organ-mediated pathways. To address this gap, this review proposes the novel concept of the "multi-organ-brain axis." This concept posits that during brain disorders, functional alterations in peripheral organs such as skeletal muscle, heart, liver, adipose tissue, and spleen can disrupt metabolic and immune homeostasis, thereby bidirectionally modulating brain function via signaling molecules and metabolites.

Improving the luminous efficiency of GaN-based micro-LEDs by integrating micro-nanostructures.

The significant reduction in chip size introduces severe sidewall etching damage, leading to reduced quantum efficiency of micro-LEDs. Furthermore, luminous efficiency is limited by the refractive index mismatch at the p-GaN/air interface and optical losses induced by surface metal electrodes. In this work, we numerically and experimentally investigated the effects of integrating microlens arrays and nanolens arrays on the luminous efficiency of conventional micro-LEDs.

Multiomics Profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Supports Their Involvement in Endothelial Senescence-Associated Vascular Dysfunction.

Dysfunction of vascular endothelium is characteristic of many aging-related diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD). Although it is widely posited that endothelial cell dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis and/or progression of AD/ADRD, it is not clear how. A plausible hypothesis is that intercellular trafficking of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from senescent vascular endothelial cells promotes vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.

How and when servant leadership affect public employees' innovative behavior.

Drawing on job demands-resources theory, this study explains the underlying mechanism by which servant leadership affects public employees' innovative behaviors. Building upon this foundation, the study constructs a hypothesized theoretical model positioning psychological safety as the mediator and public service motivation as the moderator. Through institutional cooperation with graduate schools at two universities in Yunnan Province, China, a survey was administered to 680 Master of Public Administration students, yielding 642 valid responses for analysis.

Genetic Insights Into the Link Between Restless Legs Syndrome and Diabetic Nephropathy Risk.

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neuro-sensory disorder associated with various metabolic diseases, including diabetes mellitus and its complications. Observational studies suggest a potential association between RLS and diabetic complications; however, the causal relationship remains unclear due to confounding factors and reverse causation. This study aims to assess the causal relationship between RLS and diabetes, including its complications, using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Differential Predictability of Preterm Birth Types: Strong Signals for Indicated Cases versus Limited Success in Spontaneous Preterm Birth.

Background: Preterm birth, defined as birth occurring before 37 weeks of gestation, poses a significant and enduring public health challenge, with substantial emotional and financial burdens on families and society. To identify preterm births early in pregnancy, we investigated the predictive ability of machine learning models in a nulliparous (first-time pregnancy) study cohort. Preterm births are categorized into two major types: indicated preterm birth, which occurs due to medical conditions such as preeclampsia or other maternal/fetal complications requiring early delivery, and spontaneous preterm birth, which involves the natural onset of preterm labor.

Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of 1031 patients with peripheral T cell lymphoma in china: a multicenter, real-world study.

Background: The data about the clinical features and outcomes of Chinese patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are limited.

Method: This retrospective study included 1031 patients of PTCL from January 2014 to March 2022 at 21 centers in China. The clinical features, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of the Chinese PTCL population were reported.

Suppressing the Precursor Aging for Efficient Formamidinium-Based Dion-Jacobson Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells.

For the quasi-two-dimensional (Q-2D) perovskites containing formamidinium cations (FA), the chemical reaction between FA and amine-based organic spacers deteriorates the phase purity and repeatability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but it has attracted little attention so far. In this work, the aging process of the 1,3-propanediamine- (PDA-) and FA-based Dion-Jacobson (DJ) type Q-2D perovskite precursor has been investigated. The deprotonated PDA interacts with the FA via its two terminal amines successively to form a ring molecule, giving rise to a highly insoluble complex with lead iodide and causing reversible precursor aging.

The 90% minimum effective volume and concentration of lidocaine for ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion blocks in adults: a biased-coin design, up-and-down sequential allocation trial.

Background: As ultrasound imaging technology matured, stellate ganglion blocks (SGBs) have become increasingly precise and safe, and their use in clinical practice has become widespread. However, the 90% minimum effective volume (MEV90) and concentration (MEC90) of lidocaine for ultrasound-guided SGB remain unclear. We aimed to determine the MEV90 and MEC90 of lidocaine used in ultrasound-guided SGBs.

Online scenario simulation teaching in airway management for undergraduate anesthesia students.

Background: The rapid growth of online education has led to the extensive exploration of innovative teaching methods to improve learning outcomes in medical training. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of online scenario-based simulation in an airway management course for undergraduate anesthesia students.

Methods: A total of 130 undergraduate students participated in an online airway management course.

Real-world data on clinical outcomes and validation of prognostic models for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a multicentric retrospective study in Southern China.

Background: This study aimed to elucidate the treatment outcomes and prognosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) patients in a real-world setting.

Objectives: The clinical efficacy of new drug applications was evaluated, alongside the predictive accuracy of prognostic models, to inform future research.

Methods: In this study, 82.

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of etrasimod in healthy Chinese adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-escalation phase 1 study.

Objectives: Etrasimod is an investigational, oral, once-daily, selective S1P receptor modulator in development for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. We present safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic results of etrasimod treatment in healthy Chinese adults.

Methods: In a Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study, healthy Chinese adult subjects were randomly assigned to 3 cohorts.

Estimation and Inference for the Additive Mean Residual Life Model With Change Point in the Continuous Covariate.

The mean residual life model offers comprehensive insights into the relationship between a patient's remaining life expectancy and various covariates. In cancer research, a patient's lifespan may dramatically change when a covariate exceeds a threshold. Accurately detecting and estimating this change-point is crucial for predicting the patient's life expectancy and preventing diseases.

Uncovering stage-specific neural and molecular progression in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for early screening.

Introduction: Understanding molecular, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological changes in cognitive decline is crucial for comprehending Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression and facilitating objective staging and early screening.

Methods: We enrolled 277 participants and employed a multimodal approach, integrating genomics, metagenomics, metabolomics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electroencephalogram (EEG) to investigate the AD continuum, from subjective cognitive decline (SCD) through mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to advanced AD.

Results: Key markers and mechanisms were identified for each stage: initial neurophysiological deficits in SCD with compensatory metabolomic responses, gut-brain axis dysregulation in MCI, and extensive metabolic disruption and multisystem breakdown in AD.

Application of a novel thermal/pH-responsive antibacterial paeoniflorin hydrogel crosslinked with amino acids for accelerated diabetic foot ulcers healing.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), a severe and common complication of diabetes, present significant treatment challenges due to the limitations of conventional dressings, such as poor mechanical properties, bioactivity, and limited functionality, which hinder fast and effective wound healing. To address these issues, we developed a novel natural amino acid-based hydrogel loaded with paeoniflorin (PF@PNMA1) and comprehensively evaluated its properties and functions. The nanogel particles (NGs) were synthesized via emulsion polymerization using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), methacrylic acid (MAA), and chemically modified arginine (MArg).

Editorial: Advancements and Challenges in Lung Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, and Management.

The study highlights a significant issue in detecting the EGFR S768I mutation using the Idylla qPCR system, with a high false-positive rate [...

Foxo1 regulates intestinal tissue-resident memory CD8 T cell biology in an anatomic compartment- and context-specific manner.

Tissue-resident memory CD8 T (T) cells serve as a front-line defense against microbial pathogens in barrier and mucosal tissues. Accurately predicting the roles of tissue-specific transcription factors (TFs) that regulate T biology remains a challenge. Here, by applying integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses, we have identified an unexpected role for forkhead box O1 (Foxo1), a TF previously known to regulate circulating memory T cells, in intestinal T biology.

Comparison of excess deaths and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 deaths during a large Omicron epidemic in 2022 in Hong Kong.

Background: Using an elimination strategy, Hong Kong was able to minimise COVID-19 mortality in 2020 and 2021, but a large epidemic caused by the Omicron variant occurred in 2022. We aimed to estimate the overall, age-, sex-, epidemic period- and cause-specific excess mortality in 2022 in Hong Kong and compare excess mortality to laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 mortality.

Methods: We used negative binomial regression analysis to model time series of weekly all-cause and cause-specific deaths from 2010 to 2021 to predict the weekly number of deaths in 2022 against counterfactual baselines projected from the trends in the absence of a pandemic.

Identification of potential hub genes and drugs in septic kidney injury: a bioinformatic analysis with preliminary experimental validation.

Background: Sepsis-associated kidney injury (SAKI) is a prevalent complication in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis. Diagnosis currently relies on clinical assessment, urine output, and serum creatinine levels, yet effective clinical treatments remain scarce. Our objectives are to explore prospective, targeted medications for the treatment of septic kidney injury and to employ bioinformatics to identify key genes and pathways that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of SAKI.

Estimation of trajectory of COVID-19 vaccines effectiveness against infection.

Unlabelled: This large-scale cohort study conducted in Hong Kong examined the time-varying protective effects of various COVID-19 vaccines and dosing regimens against the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 variants.