Distribution of rapid pyrolysis products for Hami lignite and its light residue.

Naomaohu lignite (NL) from Hami, Xinjiang, was ultrasonically extracted with a mixed solvent of CS and acetone (in equal volumes) to obtain the extract residue (ER). The ER was then separated based on density differences with CCl to yield the corresponding light residue (NL-L). The composition and structural characteristics of the light residue were characterized by proximate, ultimate, infrared, and thermogravimetric analyses (TG-DTG).

Reusing waste biomass in crop protection-Calcinated oyster shell powder enhances rhizospheric microbial-mediated suppression of root-knot nematodes.

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs), particularly , are one of the most destructive plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) affecting crop production worldwide. Previous earlier study revealed that calcinated oyster shell powder (OSP) possessed excellent suppression of tobacco RKN disease. However, the suppression mechanism of OSP against RKNs still remains unrevealed.

Effects of gut microbiota on cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization and case-control study.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests a potential role of the gut microbiota in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relationship between the gut microbiome (GM) and PD dementia (PDD) remains debated, with their causal effects and underlying mechanisms not yet fully understood.

Methods: Utilizing data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs), this study applied bidirectional and mediating Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship and underlying mechanisms between the GM and PDD.

Structure and function of the topsoil microbiome in Chinese terrestrial ecosystems.

While soil microorganisms underpin terrestrial ecosystem functioning, how their functional potential adapts across environmental gradients remains poorly understood, particularly for ubiquitous taxa. Employing a comprehensive metagenomic approach across China's six major terrestrial ecosystems (41 topsoil samples, 0-20 cm depth), we reveal a counterintuitive pattern: oligotrophic environments (deserts, karst) harbor microbiomes with significantly greater metabolic pathway diversity (KEGG) compared to resource-rich ecosystems. We provide a systematic catalog of key functional genes governing biogeochemical cycles in these soils, identifying: 6 core CAZyme genes essential for soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition and biosynthesis; 62 nitrogen (N)-cycling genes (KOs) across seven critical enzymatic clusters; 15 sulfur (S)-cycling genes (KOs) within three key enzymatic clusters.

An efficient bacterial laccase-mediated system for polyurethane foam degradation.

Polyurethane (PU), a segmented block copolymer with chemically resistant urethane linkages and tunable architecture, presents persistent biological recycling challenges. This study presents a Bacterial Laccase-Mediated System (BLMS) derived from for efficient degradation of polyester- and polyether-PU. Utilizing the laccase CotA and mediator 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), the BLMS demonstrated effective de polymerization of both commercial and self-synthesized PU foams, including polyester- and polyether-types.

Risk analysis of microorganisms in common food spices.

Unlabelled: Spices play a ubiquitous role in the food industry, imparting distinctive flavors and exhibiting antibacterial properties. Nonetheless, microbial contamination and residues present persistent challenges to food safety within this sector. The systematic tracking of microbial input datasets in spices holds significant guiding implications and economic value for microbial control and risk assessment in the food industry.

Deficient of glycosylation site in the envelop protein attenuated Zika virus replication in mosquito cells.

Introduction: The Zika virus (ZIKV) envelope (E) protein is critical for viral replication and host interactions. Although glycosylation of the E protein is known to influence viral infectivity and immune evasion, the specific functional roles of E protein glycosylation in ZIKV infectivity in mosquito cells remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, we generated a deglycosylation mutant ZIKV with a T156I substitution in the E protein and investigated its effects on viral replication and viral-host interactions in mosquito C6/36 cells.

siRNA-Silencing of gene greatly reduced biosynthesis of swainsonine in without affecting the growth characteristics of leguminous host.

Locoism refers to a neurological disorder in livestock caused by chronic ingestion of locoweeds, which contain toxic alkaloid swainsonine produced by the fungus . Therefore, reducing swainsonine levels not only prevents locoism but may also transform these toxic plants into animal feed. In this study, we identified a pivotal role for the gene in swainsonine biosynthesis.

Pathogenicity and whole-genome analysis of a -derived strain.

A bacterial strain (No. 20230510) was isolated from the kidneys of diseased in Guangxi, China, since 2023. Artificial infection experiments demonstrated that this strain caused the observed disease in .

Spatial mapping of chiral-induced spin selectivity in chiral perovskite via spin-Schottky junction.

Chiral halide perovskite (c-HP) semiconductors exhibit on average a large chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect. Nevertheless, the microscopic details of CISS and its integration in opto-spintronic constructs remain nascent. Reliable reporting of CISS performance characteristics represents a significant challenge in providing the necessary design rules.

Smart metasurfaces enable wireless detection of hazardous liquids.

A wireless sensing platform combining smart metasurfaces, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, and artificial intelligence achieves real-time, non-invasive classification of hazardous liquids in sealed containers with high accuracy and robustness.

Flexible photonic contactless human-machine interface based on visible-blind near-infrared organic photodetectors.

Contactless human-machine interfaces (C-HMIs) are revolutionizing artificial intelligence (AI)-driven domains, yet face application limitations due to narrow sensing ranges, environmental fragility, and structural rigidity. To address these obstacles, we developed a flexible photonic C-HMI (Flex-PCI) using flexible visible-blind near-infrared organic photodetectors. In addition to its unprecedented performance across key metrics, including broad detection range (0.

Adjusting interlayer interactions and proton-conduction pathways of 2D covalent organic frameworks through the rotaxane structures.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have great potential as versatile platforms for proton conduction. However, the commonly applied 2D COFs that are easy to design and synthesize have only 1D channels for proton conduction, limiting the formation of continuous hydrogen bonds due to the anisotropy between their crystalline grains. Herein, we report a strategy to construct 3D channels in 2D COFs by using rotaxane structures and eliminate the strong interlayer π-π interactions, facilitating the formation of smooth 3D proton-transfer pathways during guest doping.

pH-responsive activation of Tet-On inducible CAR-T cells enables spatially selective treatment of targeted solid tumors at reduced safety risk.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T)-cell therapy is a promising resolution for solid tumors, but its corresponding clinical translation has been hindered by unsatisfactory therapeutic potency and severe cytokine release syndrome. Herein, tetracycline (Tet)-On inducible human epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (HER1)-targeted CAR-T (Tet-HER1-CAR-T) cells were engineered to enable spatially selective activation at tumor sites by doxycycline (Doxy), which is delivered by pH-responsive stealth liposomal calcium carbonate nanoparticles (Doxy@CaCO-PEG). Compared with the intravenous administration of conventional HER1-CAR-T cells and Tet-HER1-CAR-T cells activated by free Doxy, concurrent intravenous administration of Tet-HER1-CAR-T cells and Doxy@CaCO-PEG leads to the localized tumor activation of Tet-HER1-CAR-T cells and reduced systemic secretion of inflammatory cytokines.

Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections.

The role of cholesterol metabolism in antiviral immunity has been established, but if and how this cholesterol-mediated immunometabolism can be regulated by specific small molecules is of particular interest in the quest for novel antiviral therapeutics. Here, we first demonstrate that NPC1 is the key cholesterol transporter for suppressing viral replication by changing cholesterol metabolism and triggering the innate immune response via systemic analyses of all possible cholesterol transporters. We then use the Connectivity Map (CMap), a systematic methodology for identifying functional connections between genetic perturbations and drug actions, to screen NPC1 inhibitors, and found that bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BBAs) exhibit high efficacy in the inhibition of viral infections.

Re-Os geochronology for sulfides and organic-rich sediments.

Rhenium and osmium are both siderophilic and chalcophilic, exhibiting a strong affinity for organic-rich materials. This makes the Re-Os chronometer a valuable complement to geochronometers based on lithophile elements. In this review, we begin by discussing how the elemental abundances and isotopic compositions impact sample selection, analytical strategy, and data interpretation.

Reversible dendrite-free Li-plating/stripping electrochemistry achieved by stress-regulating carbon aerogel.

The stress distribution in Li metal strongly affects the interfacial Li-ion diffusion, thereby influencing the morphology of plated Li and the performance of the battery. Here, we report a mechano-electrochemical coupling strategy that utilizes an arched structured carbon aerogel to achieve stable Li-plating/stripping electrochemistry. The arch-structured carbon aerogel can actively regulate stress distributions in response to the compressive stresses induced by Li deposition, generating the transition of stress from compressive on the convex surface to tensile on the concave surface, which can effectively promote the Li-migration kinetics and thus suppress the non-uniform deposition of Li.

Mi-Lnc70 Regulates the Progression of Murine Pancreatic β-Cell Line and Affects the Synthesis of Insulin and Glucagon.

Background: Insulinoma, the most common type of pancreatic endocrine tumor, frequently induces hypoglycemia due to persistent hyperinsulinemia. Although Mi-Lnc70 expression progressively increases during pancreatic maturation in mice, the biological role of Mi-Lnc70 in pancreatic β cells remains elusive.

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the role of LncRNA-Mi-Lnc70 in the mouse pancreatic β-cell line MIN6.

Emerging regenerative strategies for spinal cord injury: exosome-derived mechanisms and therapeutic insights.

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often leads to severe motor and sensory impairments, and current treatment methods have not achieved complete neural repair. In recent years, exosomes have become a research focus in the treatment of nerve injuries due to their important roles in intercellular information transfer, immune regulation, and neural repair. Our study conducts a scientometric analysis to map the research landscape related to exosomes in SCI.

Hypocretin: a promising target for the regulation of homeostasis.

Hypocretin, also known as orexin, is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that regulates essential physiological processes including arousal, energy metabolism, feeding behavior, and emotional states. Through widespread projections and two G-protein-coupled receptors-HCRT-1R and HCRT-2R-the hypocretin system exerts diverse modulatory effects across the central nervous system. The role of hypocretin in maintaining wakefulness is well established, particularly in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), where loss of hypocretin neurons leads to excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy.

Monoclonal Antibody 5F1 Modulates Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Conformation for Transmembrane Signaling.

Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that mediates chemotaxis and bactericidal activities in phagocytes. The monoclonal antibody 5F1 is generated against full-length FPR1 and used widely for detection of FPR1 expression. This study aimed to characterize 5F1 for its functions.

PAPSS2-Related Brachyolmia: Clinical and Radiographic Features and Growth Hormone Therapy of One Chinese Case.

Brachyolmia type 4 (BCYM4, OMIM 612847) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by mild epiphyseal and metaphyseal abnormalities. We report a Chinese boy with brachyolmia caused by a novel compound heterozygous mutation in the gene. Prenatal ultrasound revealed shortened long bones, and his birth length was markedly reduced (45 cm, -3.

Progress on Laennec's capsule guidance for hepatobiliary surgery.

Anatomic resection remains a fundamental principle in the surgical management of hepatobiliary diseases, whether performed through traditional open surgery or advanced minimally invasive approaches such as laparoscopic or robotic-assisted techniques. However, a universally accepted and clearly defined anatomical framework for intraoperative anatomical delineation remains lacking. The growing clinical adoption of Laennec membrane-guided anatomical strategies has been associated with notable improvements in surgical efficacy and anatomical precision.

The manipulator behind "Scissors": γ -secretase and its modulators in Alzheimer's disease.

The intramembrane aspartic protease, γ-secretase, is a heterotetrameric protein complex composed of four integral membrane proteins: presenilin (PSEN), nicastrin (NCT), Anterior pharynx defective-1 (APH-1), and presenilin enhancer 2 (PEN-2). These components are sequentially assembled into a functional complex. γ-secretase is ubiquitously expressed in all cells and tissues and exhibits enzymatic activity akin to "molecular scissors" by cleaving various type I transmembrane proteins.

Brain network of athletes in motor imagery and action anticipation: an ALE meta-analysis and MACM analysis.

Understanding how athletes mentally simulate and anticipate actions provides key insights into experience-driven brain plasticity. While previous studies have investigated motor imagery and action anticipation separately, little is known about how their underlying neural mechanisms converge or diverge in expert performers. This study conducted a meta-analysis using activation likelihood estimation (ALE) and meta-analytic connectivity modeling (MACM) to compare brain activation patterns between athletes and non-athletes across both tasks.