Electrochemical C-H Hydroxylation and Alkoxylation Reactions.

The electrochemical C-H hydroxylation and alkoxylation reactions have emerged as sustainable platforms to construct valuable oxygenated compounds such as alcohols, phenols, and ethers. Compared with traditional approaches, these electrochemical strategies not only enhance the atom economy through bypassing the use of chemical oxidants but also unlock new reactivities by accessing reactive intermediates under mild conditions. In this review, we tried to provide an overview of the representative achievements in this field since 2020.

Glutathione S-transferase TcGSTu1 contributes to defense against eucalyptol in Tribolium castaneum.

Eucalyptol is one of the major insecticidal active ingredients in a variety of plant essential oils, and has good killing and avoidance effects on Tribolium castaneum. The presence of detoxifying enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST) in T. castaneum makes it resistant to a variety of insecticides.

MPE-HRNet: A Lightweight High-Resolution Network for Multispecies Animal Pose Estimation.

Animal pose estimation is crucial for animal health assessment, species protection, and behavior analysis. It is an inevitable and unstoppable trend to apply deep learning to animal pose estimation. In many practical application scenarios, pose estimation models must be deployed on edge devices with limited resource.

Microwaving plus enzymatic pretreatment of safflower seeds increases the phenolic content and oxidative stability of extracted oil.

In this paper, microwave-assisted (MW-AE), enzyme-assisted (Ene-AE) and microwaving plus enzymatic treatment (MW + Ene-AE) were used to explored their effects on the polyphenols in safflower seeds and safflower seed oil (SSO). The results showed that the introduction of MW-AE treatment prior to Ene-AE enhanced enzyme accessibility, resulting in MW + Ene-AE achieving the highest efficiency for polyphenol extraction from seeds, with a 67 % improvement compared to the control sample. Different treatments significantly altered the composition of polyphenols in the seeds, with a noticeable conversion of polyphenol glycosides to aglycones observed in Ene-AE and MW + Ene-AE.

Combination of Hollow Capsule Structure and Zn Uniform Load for the Conversion of Methanol to Aromatics over Zn/ZSM-5 Zeolites.

As an important nonoil route for acquiring aromatics, the highly efficient conversion of methanol to aromatics over Zn/ZSM-5 zeolites remains an ongoing challenge. In this work, we developed a uniform loading approach of zinc and further combined it with a hollow capsule structure to design the high-performance Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst. The electrostatic assembly among EDTA, -butylamine and negative silica-alumina gel gave rise to an "Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Sphere" in form of Na·{[(SiO)Al]/(SiO)(-butylamine)(EDTA)(-butylamine)(SiO), which further transformed into mesoporous aluminosilicates sphere (MASS) through calcination.

Transcriptional Landscape of Cotton Roots in Response to Salt Stress at Single-cell Resolution.

Increasing soil salinization has led to severe losses of plant yield and quality. Thus, it is urgent to investigate the molecular mechanism of the salt stress response. In this study, we took systematically analyzed cotton root response to salt stress by single-cell transcriptomics technology; 56,281 high-quality cells were totally obtained from 5-days-old lateral root tips of Gossypium arboreum under natural growth and different salt-treatment conditions.

Oleanolic acid attenuates obesity through modulating the lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-fed mice.

As a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, oleanolic acid has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. This work performed the in vitro experiments and animal assay to explore whether oleanolic acid alleviates lipid accumulation induced by high-fat diet by mediating PPARγ. Oil red O staining showed that oleanolic acid can reduce lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells, which were treated with oleic acid and palmitic acid.

Evaluation method and design of greenhouse pear pollination drones based on grounded theory and integrated theory.

Greenhouse cultivation promotes an efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural production model, significantly enhancing resource sustainability and advancing sustainable agriculture. Traditional greenhouse pollination methods are inefficient and labor-intensive, limiting the economic benefits of greenhouse pear cultivation. To improve pollination efficiency and achieve fully automated mechanized operations, an innovative design method for greenhouse pear pollination drones has been developed.

Two α-SiO-Related Deep-Ultraviolet Phase-Matchable Optical Nonlinear Beryllium Silicate Crystals NaBeSiO and LiBeSiO with Enhanced SHG Effect.

Deep-UV, (wavelength λ < 200 nm) nonlinear-optical (NLO) silicate crystals have long been troubled by weak second-harmonic-generation (SHG) effect and common non-phase-matchability, leading to the stagnation of silicate research, despite abundant reserves of silicates on the earth. Representative and simple α-SiO is an ideal structural prototype toward improving silicate NLO performance by exploring efficient strategies. Herein, through two-step structural modulations based on fundamental "distortion and superposition" principles of NLO response, two deep-UV NLO crystals taking α-SiO as a structural template, NaBeSiO and LiBeSiO, are synthesized successively.

Research on Gas Explosion Pressure and Flame Propagation Characteristics in Turning Pipelines.

In order to investigate the overpressure and flame propagation characteristics of gas explosions in turning pipelines, this study designed a transparent organic glass pipeline test system with different turning angles (30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150°) and conducted a series of experimental studies to analyze the explosion shock wave overpressure and flame propagation behavior. The experimental results show that with the increase of the turning angle of the pipeline, the overpressure of the explosion shock wave significantly increases. In terms of flame propagation characteristics, when the turning angle is small, the flame can adhere to the outer wall of the pipeline corner and gradually fill the entire pipeline section.

GhGRF4/GhARF2-GhGASA24 module regulates fiber cell wall thickness by modulating cellulose biosynthesis in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

Fiber elongation rate is an essential characteristic of cotton fiber in the textile industry, yet it has been largely overlooked in genetic studies. Gibberellins (GAs) and auxin (IAA) are recognized for their role in directing numerous developmental processes in plants by influencing cell differentiation and elongation. However, the degree to which GA-IAA interaction governs cellular elongation in cotton fiber cells remains to be fully understood.

Emerging Horizons in Gas Sensing: Exploring the Potential of MXenes and MBenes.

This review article is focused on the development and application of two types of emerging two-dimensional (2D) materials, namely MXenes and MBenes, in the field of gas detection. Owing to its excellent electrical conductivity, specific surface area, and tunable surface functionality, MXenes have demonstrated high sensitivity and rapid response in detecting a variety of gases, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and ammonia (NH). MBenes are relatively newly discovered materials with excellent electronic stability and gas adsorption capabilities.

Vacancy Engineering of Selenium-Vacant NiCoSe with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance for Supercapacitor.

Vacancy engineering effectively modulates the electronic properties of electrode materials, thereby improving their electrochemical performance. In this study, we prepared selenium-deficient NiCoSe (Se-NCS) using ethylene glycol as a reducing agent in NaOH alkaline environment, and investigated its potential as an electrode material for supercapacitors. Both theoretical and experimental results confirmed that the introduction of vacancies altered the morphology and electronic structure of NiCoSe, which in turn synergistically improved the conductivity and the diffusion capability of electrolyte ions.

Flexural behavior of over-reinforced beam with ECC layer: Experimental and numerical simulation study.

To optimize the brittle failure of reinforced conerete (RC) over-reinforeed beams and enhance their flexural performance, a novel structural form is proposed. To be specific, the Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) layer is installed on top of the RC over-reinforced beam (ERCOB). A total of six test beams are prepared, comprising one unreinforced beam and five reinforced beams.

A hybrid deep learning and clonal selection algorithm-based model for commercial building energy consumption prediction.

In contemporary society, commercial buildings, as a crucial component of urban development, face increasingly prominent energy consumption issues, posing significant challenges to the environment and sustainable development. Traditional energy management methods rely on empirical models and rule-based approaches, which suffer from low prediction accuracy and limited applicability. To address these issues, this study proposes a commercial building energy consumption prediction and energy-saving strategy model based on hybrid deep learning and optimization algorithms.

Evaluation of droplet deposition parameters based on the Genetic-Otsu algorithm.

Pesticide spraying is a cost-effective way to control crop pests and diseases. The effectiveness of this method relies on the deposition and distribution of the spray droplets within the targeted application area. There is a critical need for an accurate and stable detection algorithm to evaluate the liquid droplet deposition parameters on the water-sensitive paper (WSP) and reduce the impact of image noise.

Structural Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Purified Polysaccharide from Veronica persica Poir.

In this manuscript, the polysaccharide (VPP-I) from Veronica persica Poir., was characterized in detail by high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In addition, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation model of RAW264.

Effect of social support on Muslim women's sporting activities: mediating effect of psychological adjustment.

Objective: This study explores the relationship between social support and sporting activities of Muslim women and constructs a mediation model through role of psychological adjustment.

Methods: Using stratified cluster sampling, 301 Muslim women were measured in group psychology using the Social Support Scale and the Sports Activities and Psychological Adjustment Scale. The statistical software SPSS 24.

The root reinforcement on the slope under the condition of colonization of various herbaceous plants.

This study assessed root reinforcement on slopes influenced by various herbaceous species. The study examined the distribution, structural traits of these species, and their root systems, as well as their biomass. We established a quantitative model for evaluating root reinforcement at the soil interface influenced by different herbaceous colonizers.

Detection of Verticillium infection in cotton leaves using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy coupled with machine learning algorithms.

Verticillium wilt (VW) is a soil-borne vascular disease that affects upland cotton and is caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb. A rapid and user-friendly early diagnostic technique is essential for the preventing and controlling VW disease. In this study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) technology was used to detect VW infection in cotton leaves.