Structural Characteristics of Ziziphus jujuba dates Polysaccharide and Its Protective Effect Against Colitis.

The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the structural characteristics of Ziziphus jujuba dates polysaccharide (ZJP-I) and its potential activity against colitis in vivo. A series of advanced analytical techniques, including ion exchange chromatography, gel column chromatography, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used to characterize the structure of ZJP-I. The results showed that the molecular weight of ZJP-I was 2.

A vacuolar invertase gene modulates sugar metabolism and postharvest fruit quality and stress resistance in tomato.

Sugars act as signaling molecules to modulate various growth processes and enhance plant tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, sugars contribute to the postharvest flavor in fleshy fruit crops. To date, the regulation of sugar metabolism and its effect in plant growth, fruit ripening, postharvest quality, and stress resistance remains not fully understood.

Discovery of novel benzo[b][1,4]oxazine derivatives as ferroptosis inhibitors.

Ferroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death characterized by radical-driven lipid peroxidation accumulation, which is involved in various diseases, including acute organ injury and neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis is a promising strategy for treating these diseases. In this study, 16 benzo[b][1,4]oxazine derivatives were synthesized and assayed for their antiferroptotic activity.

Study on the Axial Compressive Behavior and Constitutive Relationship of Lightweight Mixed Ceramic Concrete.

To thoroughly study the stress-strain relationship of lightweight mixed ceramic concrete, this paper conducts axial compressive strength tests on three groups of lightweight mixed ceramic concrete specimens with different types and contents as the basis. It establishes the elastic modulus calculation formula and compressive stress-strain formula for lightweight mixed ceramic concrete by combining with the current standards and related research. The results show that lightweight mixed ceramic concrete, made of a mixture of different types and densities of ceramic grains, has better mechanical properties and deformation properties.

Design of walking aids for the elderly based on the Kano-AHP-FEC method.

As global populations age, ensuring the mobility safety of elderly individuals has become a prominent concern, highlighting the need for innovative designs in assistive products for seniors. This study aims to offer a scientific and practical design methodology for mobility aid designers, validated through the design of a walker for elderly users. To begin, potential user needs for walkers were identified using User Journey Mapping, with these needs categorized through the Kano model to establish a structured hierarchy of design requirements.

Identification of EXPA4 as a key gene in cotton salt stress adaptation through transcriptomic and coexpression network analysis of root tip protoplasts.

Background: Salinity stress impairs cotton growth and fiber quality. Protoplasts enable elucidation of early salt-responsive signaling. Elucidating crop tolerance mechanisms that ameliorate these diverse salinity-induced stresses is key for improving agricultural productivity under saline conditions.

Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis of and Responses to Wilt Infection.

wilt (VW) caused by (Vd) is a devastating fungal cotton disease characterized by high pathogenicity, widespread distribution, and frequent variation. It leads to significant losses in both the yield and quality of cotton. Identifying key non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and crucial genes associated with VW resistance in and , and subsequently breeding new disease-resistant varieties, are essential for VW management.

Effect of Cold Deformation on the Microstructural and Property Uniformity of AlO/Cu Composites.

Copper matrix composites (Cu-MCs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional electrical, wear-resistant, and mechanical properties. Among them, AlO/Cu composites, reinforced with AlO, are a focal point in the field of high-strength, high-conductivity copper alloys, owing to their high strength, excellent electrical conductivity, and superior resistance to high-temperature softening. Cold deformation is an effective method for enhancing the mechanical properties of AlO/Cu composites.

In Situ Synthesis of Ternary Ni-Fe-Mo Nanosheet Arrays for OER in Water Electrolysis.

Water electrolysis is a promising path to the industrialization development of hydrogen energy. The exploitation of high-efficiency and inexpensive catalysts become important to the mass use of water decomposition. Ni-based nanomaterials have exhibited great potential for the catalysis of water splitting, which have attracted the attention of researchers around the world.

Synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of novel 9‑phenyl-9-phosphafluorene oxide derivatives.

A novel series of D-A-D-type 9-phenyl-9-phosphafluorene oxide (PhFlOP) derivatives was prepared and is reported herein. The synthetic protocol involved 5 steps from commercially available 2-bromo-4-fluoro-1-nitrobenzene, featuring a noble-metal-free system, mild reaction conditions, and a good yield, especially for the final CsCO-facilitated nucleophilic substitution (77-91% yield). The characterization data obtained from IR and NMR spectroscopy (H, C, F, and P) as well as HRMS spectrometry were in full agreement with the expected structures, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted to confirm the structure of compound .

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of GhAMS11 and GhMS188 reveals key roles in tapetal development and pollen exine formation in upland cotton.

The ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS) gene is crucial for tapetal cell development and pollen formation, but its role in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) has not been previously documented. This study identified GhAMS11 as a key transcription factor, with its high expression specifically observed during the S4-S6 stages of anther development, a critical period for tapetal activity and pollen formation. Subcellular localization confirmed that GhAMS11 was located in the nucleus.

Adaptive prescribed performance estimator for Hammerstein-like system identification based on quantized observations and its application.

Prescribed performance technology is a promising methodology that has received wide attention in control communities owing to its quantitative description for the steady-state and transient performance of control systems in recent years. Simplifying controller design, reducing system regulation time and preventing system divergence can all be achieved through the improved transient performance of parameter estimation. Unfortunately, in system identification communities, few papers on the transient performance of parameter identification are published because of difficulties in designing the error variable reflecting this performance.

An isothermal recombinase polymerase assay coupled with lateral flow dipstick for differentiation of pseudorabies virus wild isolates and gE-deleted vaccine strains.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is one of the most important infectious diseases which leads to significant economic losses in the global swine industry. The gE-deleted vaccine is widely used to prevent susceptible pigs from PRV infection. There is no report of the differentiation of PRV wild strain and vaccine strain by recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) coupled with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) method.

Disrupting in the prothoracic gland induced larval development arrest in the fall armyworm .

Introduction: The juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) are the central regulating hormones of insect development. The timing of their secretion usually leads to developmental transitions.

Methods: The developmental transitions were evaluated via the starvation treatment and the expressions of two key metamorphosis inducing factor in .

Novel concept for the healthy population influencing factors.

In the rapid urbanization process in China, due to reasons such as employment, education, and family reunification, the number of mobile population without registered residence in the local area has increased significantly. By 2020, the group had a population of 276 million, accounting for over 20% of the total population, making significant contributions to urban economic development and resource optimization. However, the health status of migrant populations is affected by unique issues such as occupational risks and socio-economic disparities, which play an important role in personal welfare, social stability, and sustainable economic growth.

DeepHapNet: a haplotype assembly method based on RetNet and deep spectral clustering.

Gene polymorphism originates from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and the analysis and study of SNPs are of great significance in the field of biogenetics. The haplotype, which consists of the sequence of SNP loci, carries more genetic information than a single SNP. Haplotype assembly plays a significant role in understanding gene function, diagnosing complex diseases, and pinpointing species genes.

Carbonization test and orthogonal polynomial regression analysis of steel fiber reclaimed concrete.

To enhance the carbonation resistance of reclaimed concrete, several key factors affecting its performance were investigated. An orthogonal array (4³ × 2⁶) was employed to design the carbonation tests for steel fiber (SF) reinforced concrete. The study included varying SF volume ratios, along with considerations of different concrete ages (T) and water-cement ratios (W/R).

Ultrastructure of the ejaculatory duct of Terrobittacus implicatus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae).

The unique mating behavior of Bittacidae has been extensively studied, yet the mechanisms underlying internal sperm transport and temporary storage before mating remain enigmatic. Herein, we aim to elucidate these mechanisms by investigating the fine structure of the ejaculatory duct, which serves for sperm transport and temporary storage. The ultrastructure of the ejaculatory duct of Terrobittacus implicatus (Mecoptera: Bittacidae) was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy for the first time in this study.

The impact of green technology innovation on carbon emission reduction capacity in China: Based on spatial econometrics and threshold effect analysis.

Dual carbon targets is the key to sustainable development in China and even the world, so how to achieve green low-carbon economy is a general trend. As an important guarantee for carbon emission reduction, green technology innovation is essential for promoting the development of green economy. The analysis of the internal mechanism of green technology innovation affecting carbon emission reduction will help provide the development direction for green technology innovation, help China's carbon neutrality and carbon peak goals as soon as possible, and contribute Chinese wisdom to the sustainable development of the world.

Cold atmospheric plasma-induced alterations in the multiscale structural and functional properties of guar gum.

The use of guar gum in the food industry faces challenges owing to its large molecular weight and high viscosity. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technique that utilizes the reactive species produced by high voltage discharge to modify food ingredients. In this study, guar gum was treated with CAP at different powers and duration, and its rheological properties, molecular structure, thermal stability, emulsifying activity, and stability were evaluated.

Structural and in vitro anticancer properties of the kaempferol-lactoferrin complex.

Lactoferrin and polyphenols are common natural functional compounds. Their interactions and the consequential alterations in functional activity have received widespread attention. The work aimed to investigate the interaction between lactoferrin and kaempferol, as well as evaluate the in vitro anticancer properties of the lactoferrin-kaempferol complex.

Revealing the Potential of Star Anise Essential Oil: Comparative Analysis and Optimization of Innovative Extraction Methods for Enhanced Yield, Aroma Characteristics, Chemical Composition, and Biological Activities.

Star anise has been used for a long time in improving human health and curing diseases, owing to its unlimited components with complex chemical structures and a wide range of bioactivities. This study is aimed to investigate the influence of extraction methods (steam distillation, ethanol Soxhlet extraction, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, subcritical n-butane extraction) on the yield, aroma properties, chemical composition, and bioactivity of star anise essential oils. Electronic nose detection revealed the essential oils from subcritical extraction exhibited the most intense aroma, while the essential oils from ethanol Soxhlet extraction had a more complex aroma profile.