The effects of 5-HT on vascular endothelial dysfunction in patients with panic disorder.

Panic Disorder (PD) is a prevalent psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of acute severe anxiety. These episodes frequently present with symptoms that overlap with those of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as elevated blood pressure and chest pain. Despite the prevalence and impact of this comorbidity, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood and remain underexplored.

Association of Intraoperative Hypotension with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Surgery: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial.

Background: Few studies have examined the association between intraoperative hypotension and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and no definitive conclusions have been established. This study investigated the association between intraoperative hypotension and PONV in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.

Methods: This secondary analysis of a randomized trial included adult patients at high risk for PONV undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery.

NETs promote fibroblast-like synoviocytes producing IL-6 to enhance T follicular helper cell response in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Although neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are recognized as key contributors to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression, their immunomodulatory effects on T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation remain enigmatic. Based on the effect of NETs on RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs), our study is aimed at investigating the effect of NETs on Tfh cell differentiation in RA.

Methods: Immunofluorescence, western blotting, and flow cytometry were used to investigate whether NETs mediated the inflammatory phenotype transformation of synovium fibroblasts to produce IL-6 and promote Tfh cell differentiation through TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Exploration of the varieties differences on the volatile and non-volatile metabolites of and utilizing electronic sensing evaluation and untargeted metabolomics analysis.

There are differences in flavor, efficacy, and price between the cardamom varieties (H) and (R). It is crucial to distinguish their bioactivities and metabolites, given their high economic value and dietary frequency. This study determined total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and in vitro/cellular antioxidant activities of R and H.

Unraveling the complex relationships between anxiety, depression, and quality of life in schizophrenia: a network analysis study.

This study utilized network analysis to explore the intricate relationships between anxiety, depression, and quality of life in a cohort of hospitalized schizophrenia patients. Through a cross-sectional design, the investigation aimed to identify key symptoms and bridge connections to inform tailored clinical interventions and improve patient well-being. Symptom severity was measured using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale, with network analysis elucidating central nodes and bridging symptoms within the patient sample of 1328 individuals.

Unexpected Activities of CYP152 Peroxygenases Toward Non-carboxylic Substrates Reveal Novel Substrate Recognition Mechanism and Catalytic Versatility.

Exploring and exploiting the catalytic promiscuity of enzymes is a central topic and captivating challenge in enzymology. CYP152 peroxygenases are attractive biocatalysts for diverse reactions under mild conditions using HO as cofactor. However, their substrate scope is limited by a carboxyl group required for substrate assisted acid-base catalysis, following the well-accepted principle that heme-dependent HO-utilizing enzymes employ a carboxyl group within their active sites to facilitate HO activation.

Enhanced Anti-Migration of Organic Antioxidants via Chitosan-Encapsulated Ultrathin Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides Fabricated by a Nucleation-Encapsulation Coupling Strategy.

Antioxidants play a crucial role in inhibiting polypropylene (PP) oxidative damage and extending polymer lifetime. However, the high migration rate and limited efficiency reduced protection, often requiring overdosing, which raises environmental and health issues. Herein, a more sustainable solution involves an ultrathin antioxidant intercalated layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with chitosan (CS) encapsulation to block the antioxidants migration by tuning CS molecular weight to fully encapsulate LDH unit.

Reduction of nicotine content in tobacco through microbial degradation: research progress and potential applications.

Originally native to South America, tobacco and is now distributed worldwide as a major cash crop. Nicotine is the main harmful component of tobacco leaves, cigarette smoke and tobacco waste, which severely affects not only the flavor of the tobacco leaf, but also causes great damage to human health. As the anti-smoking movement continued to grow since the 1950s, and consumers become more aware of their health and environmental protection, the world tobacco industry has been committed to research, develop and produce low nicotine cigarette products with relatively low risk to human health.

Creating a System of Dual Regulation of Translation and Transcription to Enhance the Production of Recombinant Protein.

When constructing cell factories, it is crucial to reallocate intracellular resources towards the synthesis of target compounds. However, imbalanced resource allocation can lead to a tradeoff between cell growth and production, reducing overall efficiency. Reliable gene expression regulation tools are needed to coordinate cell growth and production effectively.

Identification of ferroptosis-related genes associated with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma via bioinformatics and machine learning approaches.

Ferroptosis has emerged as a critical mechanism in the development and progression of various tumors, particularly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, the thorough characterization of ferroptosis-related genes in DLBCL remains inadequately explored. We retrieved datasets associated with DLBCL and ferroptosis gene sets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and the Ferroptosis Database (FerrDb), resulting in the identification of 27 differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs) linked to DLBCL.

Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Elective Cancer Surgery After SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Observational Cohort Study.

Background: We evaluated the impact of preoperative SARS-CoV-2 infections on postoperative outcomes among patients undergoing elective cancer surgery.

Methods: This ambidirectional (retrospective and prospective) study was conducted among patients undergoing elective cancer surgery between December 2022 and March 2023. Patients with different time intervals between SARS-CoV-2 infection and surgery (0-6 weeks and ≥7 weeks) were compared with those without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Optimizing multicopy chromosomal integration for stable high-performing strains.

The copy number of genes in chromosomes can be modified by chromosomal integration to construct efficient microbial cell factories but the resulting genetic systems are prone to failure or instability from triggering homologous recombination in repetitive DNA sequences. Finding the optimal copy number of each gene in a pathway is also time and labor intensive. To overcome these challenges, we applied a multiple nonrepetitive coding sequence calculator that generates sets of coding DNA sequence (CDS) variants.

Exploring the interplay between core and mood symptoms in schizophrenia: A network analysis.

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by positive symptoms, negative symptoms, cognitive deficits, and co-occurring mood symptoms. Network analysis offers a novel approach to investigate the intricate relationships between these symptom dimensions, potentially informing personalized treatment strategies.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to October 2021, involving 1285 inpatients with schizophrenia in Liaoning Province, China.

Effect of postoperative oxygen therapy regimen modification on oxygenation in patients with acute type A aortic dissection.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effect of various oxygen therapy regimens on oxygenation in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAD).

Methods: A quasi-randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which patients with AAD hospitalized for surgery from June to September 2021 were assigned to the control group (patients received conventional oxygen therapy after postoperative mechanical ventilation, weaning, and extubation) and those who were admitted from October to December 2021 were assigned to the observation group [patients underwent optimally adjusted therapy based on the treatment of the control group, which mainly included prioritized elevation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and restricted use of the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO)].The postoperative oxygenation index, blood gas analysis, and duration of mechanical ventilation were compared between the two groups.

Turning waste into treasure: A new direction for low-cost production of lipid chemicals from Thraustochytrids.

Thraustochytrids are marine microorganisms known for their fast growth and ability to store lipids, making them useful for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), biodiesel, squalene, and carotenoids. However, the high cost of production, mainly due to expensive fermentation components, limits their wider use. A significant challenge in this context is the need to balance production costs with the value of the end products.

Large-n quasi-phase-pure two-dimensional halide perovskite: A toolbox from materials to devices.

Despite their excellent environmental stability, low defect density, and high carrier mobility, large-n quasi-two-dimensional halide perovskites (quasi-2DHPs) feature a limited application scope because of the formation of self-assembled multiple quantum wells (QWs) due to the similar thermal stabilities of large-n phases. However, large-n quasi-phase-pure 2DHPs (quasi-PP-2DHPs) can solve this problem perfectly. This review discusses the structures, formation mechanisms, and photoelectronic and physical properties of quasi-PP-2DHPs, summarises the corresponding single crystals, thin films, and heterojunction preparation methods, and presents the related advances.

A Library of Polymer-based Microelectrode Array Designs for Recording from the Brain of Different Animal Models.

Large-scale network recording technology is critical in linking neural activity to behavior. Stable, long-term recordings collected from behaving animals are the foundation for understanding neural dynamics and the plasticity of neural circuits. Penetrating microelectrode arrays (MEAs) can obtain high-resolution neural activity from different brain regions.

Technologies of targeting histone deacetylase in drug discovery: Current progress and emerging prospects.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the hydrolysis of acetyl-l-lysine side chains in histones and non-histones, which are key to epigenetic regulation in humans. Targeting HDACs has emerged as a promising strategy for treating various types of cancer, including myeloma and hematologic malignancies. At present, numerous small molecule inhibitors targeting HDACs are actively being investigated in clinical trials.

Cognitive function and cardiovascular health in the elderly: network analysis based on hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary heart disease.

Introduction: Cognitive decline in the elderly population is a growing concern, and vascular factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and coronary heart disease, have been associated with cognitive impairments. This study aims to provide deeper insights into the structure of cognitive function networks under these different vascular factors and explore their potential associations with specific cognitive domains.

Methods: Cognitive function was assessed using a modified Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scale, and intensity centrality and side weights were estimated by network modeling.

Guanosine-derived atomically dispersed Cu-N-C sites for efficient electroreduction of carbon dioxide.

Single-atom copper (Cu) embedded within carbon catalysts have demonstrated significant potential in the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO) into valuable chemicals and fuels. Herein, we develop a straightforward and template-free strategy for synthesizing atomically dispersed CuNC catalysts (CuG) by annealing the self-assembled guanosine. The CuG catalysts display two-dimensional morphology, tunable pore size and large surface areas that can be adjusted by changing carbonization temperature.

Estradiol and raloxifene as adjunctive treatment for women with schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.

Objectives: We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of all available trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators as adjunctive treatment for women with schizophrenia.

Methods: Multiple databases were searched from the inception until March 2022. Only randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (randomized controlled trials) were included.

KCNE4 expression is correlated with the pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer patients and associated with the radioresistance of cancer cells.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy, and radioresistance limits the effectiveness of radiotherapy for rectal cancer. This study is performed to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily E Regulatory Subunit 4 (KCNE4) in the radioresistance of CRC cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemical staining results of KCNE4 in normal tissues and CRC tissues were obtained from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database.