DAWN+: Wavelet-Based Image Deraining Meets Direction-Aware Attention and Mutual Representation.

The single-image deraining aims to restore clean scenes from rainy inputs by eliminating precipitation artifacts. Current methods often neglect the directional nature of rain streaks-a critical oversight that causes heterogeneous degradation, particularly in texture regions aligned with rain orientations. To address this issue and advance image deraining, we propose a novel direction-aware attention wavelet network (DAWN) for rain streaks removal.

H3K18 lactylation drives the progression of silica nanoparticles-induced pulmonary fibrosis via promoting macrophage M1 polarization.

The widespread application of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) presents potential health risks to humans, particularly leading to severe pulmonary fibrosis. Macrophage polarization is essential in SiNPs-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Expert-AI Collaborative Training for Novice Endoscopists: A Path to Enhanced Efficiency.

Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is essential for diagnosing upper gastrointestinal disorders. Traditional training for novice endoscopists is often inefficient and inconsistent. This study evaluates the effectiveness of an AI-assisted system (EndoAdd) in improving EGD training.

Micro-ring resonator assisted spiking neural network for efficient object detection.

Optical computing and spiking neural networks (SNNs) have garnered significant attention as next-generation technologies due to their high parallelism and low-energy consumption. However, the current implementations for realizing spiking neurons of photonic neuromorphic computing mainly rely on active devices or nonlinear effects, which pose challenges for large-scale integration and energy conservation. Moreover, most existing optical SNN applications have been limited to simple image classification tasks.

Association of Increased Epstein-Barr Virus Reactivation With Imbalanced Immunity and Myenteric Neuron Loss in Achalasia.

Background And Aim: Viral infection has been postulated as a potential etiology of achalasia, yet the definitive role of viral involvement remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate virus infections and to analyze their relationships with clinical characteristics, immunological alterations, and neuron loss.

Methods: We investigated viral infections in achalasia patients (n = 288) and controls (n = 71).

MbWRKY50 confers cold and drought tolerance through upregulating antioxidant capacity associated with ROS scavenging.

Plant growth and development can be impacted by abiotic factors, including low temperature and dryness. Numerous studies have shown that plant responses to stress are largely influenced by the WRKY transcription factors (TFs). However, there are few studies on the role of WRKY genes in the stress response of Malus plants.

Verbenalin protects against coronavirus pneumonia by promoting host immune homeostasis: Evidences for its mechanism of action.

Background: Coronavirus has caused high-mortality viral pneumonia worldwide. The pathogenesis is characterized by hyperinflammatory reactions resulting from immune homeostasis dysregulation. Verbenalin, an iridoid glucoside derived from Verbena officinalis L.

Tunable meta-device for large depth of field quantitative phase imaging.

In traditional optical imaging, image sensors only record intensity information, and phase information of transparent samples such as cells and semiconductor materials is hard to obtain. Quantitative phase imaging techniques are crucial for obtaining detailed phase information, but current methods often require complex interferometric setups or mechanical adjustments, limiting their practical applicability. Here, we proposed a novel meta-device integrating a PB phase-based meta-lens, a refractive lens, and an electronically tunable lens with a polarization camera to capture multiple defocused images simultaneously for the transport of intensity equation-based phase retrieval algorithm.

Scoring system supporting suture decision-making for duodenal submucosal tumors.

Background: In recent years, endoscopic resection (ER) has been employed for the excision of submucosal tumors (SMTs). Nonetheless, ER in the duodenum is linked to elevated risks of both immediate and delayed hemorrhagic complications and perforations. Satisfactory suturing is crucial for reducing the occurrence of complications.

Meta-Device for Field-of-View Tunability via Adaptive Optical Spatial Differentiation.

Optical edge detection is a crucial optical analog computing method in fundamental artificial intelligence, machine vision, and image recognition, owing to its advantages of parallel processing, high computing speed, and low energy consumption. Field-of-view-tunable edge detection is particularly significant for detecting a broader range of objects, enhancing both practicality and flexibility. In this work, a novel approach-adaptive optical spatial differentiation is proposed for field-of-view-tunable edge detection.

Confers Iron Homeostasis Under Iron Deficiency in .

Iron stress adversely impacts plants' growth and development. Transcription factors (TFs) receive stress signals and modulate plant tolerance by influencing the expression of related functional genes. In the present study, we investigated the role of an apple bHLH transcription factor in the tolerance to iron stresses.

Daily activities and suspected dementia among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dementia is undiagnosed among many older adults, and more than half the people in local communities live with symptoms of dementia are not properly treated.

Objective: The study aims to explore the relationship between decline of daily activities and the incidence of suspected dementia.

Methods: A two-stage sampling method was used to conduct a multicenter cross-sectional survey.

Single-pixel imaging robust to arbitrary translational motion.

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) stands out in computational imaging for its simplicity and adaptability, yet its performance has been hampered by artifacts from translational motion. Existing solutions heavily rely on accurate motion modeling, requiring additional hardware and computational costs. In this Letter, we propose translational motion-agnostic SPI (TMA-SPI), a novel, to the best of our knowledge, single-object SPI framework agnostic to arbitrary translational motion.

Wedge angle and orientation recognition of multi-opening objects using an attention-based CNN model.

In industries such as manufacturing and safety monitoring, accurately identifying the shape characteristics of multi-opening objects is essential for the assembly, maintenance, and fault diagnosis of machinery components. Compared to traditional contact sensing methods, image-based feature recognition technology offers non-destructive assessment and greater efficiency, holding significant practical value in these fields. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved remarkable success in image classification and feature recognition tasks, they still face challenges in dealing with subtle features in complex backgrounds, especially for objects with similar openings, where minute angle differences are critical.

Colorimetric Thermography by a Long-Infrared Dual-Band Metalens.

Infrared (IR) radiation thermography is extensively utilized in diverse fields due to its non-contact capability. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is often compromised by the significant emissivity variations among different objects, limiting its application to specific setups or focused object types. Colorimetric thermography is introduced as an alternative emissivity-independent method of radiation thermometry.

Geniposide attenuates influenza virus-induced pneumonia by regulating inflammatory cytokines production. Evidences to elucidate the followed pathway.

Background: Influenza virus-induced pneumonia (IVP) is an infectious pulmonary disease characterized by exacerbated pulmonary inflammation caused by invasion of the influenza virus. IVP continues to threaten public health due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. Geniposide is one of the major bioactive constituents of G.

Metalenses phase characterization by multi-distance phase retrieval.

Metalens, characterized by their unique functions and distinctive physical properties, have gained significant attention for their potential applications. To further optimize the performance of metalens, it is necessary to characterize the phase modulation of the metalens. In this study, we present a multi-distance phase retrieval system based on optical field scanning and discuss its convergence and robustness.

Shufeng Jiedu capsule alleviates influenza A (H1N1) virus induced acute lung injury by regulating the lung inflammatory microenvironment.

Background: Death caused by respiratory tract infection is one of the leading causes of death in the world today. Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used clinically for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), H1N1 influenza virus pneumonia and other diseases. Its pharmacological effect is to inhibit inflammation and improve the body's ability to clear viruses.

Prior-free 3D tracking of a fast-moving object at 6667 frames per second with single-pixel detectors.

Real-time tracking and 3D trajectory computation of fast-moving objects is a promising technology, especially in the field of autonomous driving. However, existing image-based tracking methods face significant challenges when it comes to real-time tracking, primarily due to the limitation of storage space and computational resources. Here, we propose a novel approach that enables real-time 3D tracking of a fast-moving object without any prior motion information and at a very low computational cost.

Automated Analysis of Fluency Behaviors in Aphasia.

Purpose: This study explored the use of an automated language analysis tool, FLUCALC, for measuring fluency in aphasia. The purpose was to determine whether CLAN's FLUCALC command could produce efficient, objective outcome measures for salient aspects of fluency in aphasia.

Method: The FLUCALC command was used on CHAT transcripts of Cinderella stories from people with aphasia (PWA; = 281) and controls ( = 257) in the AphasiaBank database.

Wintersweet-like Nanohybrids of Titanium-doped Cerium Vanadate Loaded with Polypyrrole for Tumor Theranostic.

Compromises between enhanced on-targeting reactivity and precise real-time monitoring in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are the main roadblocks for catalytic cancer therapy. The hallmark of a high level of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and acidic extracellular environment of the hypoxia solid tumor can underpin therapeutic and tracking performance. Herein, this work provides an activatable wintersweet-like nanohybrid consisting of titanium (Ti) doped cerium vanadate nanorods with the modification of polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles (CeVO-Ti@PPy) for combinatorial therapies of breast carcinoma.