Bioinspired twist-hyperbolic metamaterial for impact buffering and self-powered real-time sensing in UAVs.

Turbulence-induced vibrations pose substantial risks to aircraft structural integrity and flight stability, particularly in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), where real-time impact monitoring and lightweight protection are critical. Here, we present a bioinspired twist-hyperbolic metamaterial (THM) integrated with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) for simultaneously impact buffering and self-powered sensing. The THM-TENG protector exhibits tunable stiffness (40 to 4300 newtons per millimeter), ~70% impact energy absorption, and achieves a specific energy absorption of ~0.

Interface Charge Transfer Mapping for In Situ Monitoring of Contamination in Liquid Food.

In situ detection of contamination in liquid food production by intelligent sensing equipment in a factory is of great significance to ensure food safety, quality control, process optimization, and cost reduction. Current technologies require samples to be extracted and analyzed using bulky, expensive, and large instruments, which are time-consuming, complex, and cannot be realized in situ detection. In this work, a high-density array Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) probe is fabricated by combining triboelectrification and charge transfer at liquid-solid interface, and interface charge transfer mapping (ICTM) is applied to the identification and safety detection of liquid foods.

Self-Adaptive Omnidirectional Wind Domain Energy Harvesting Based on Dual-Mode Complementary Strategy of Wind-Induced Vibration.

The harvesting and utilization of vibration energy from transmission lines can effectively advance the development of smart grids. However, variations in wind direction significantly affect the vibration status of transmission lines-a problem often overlooked in research. This paper clarifies the gap problem of wind-induced vibration energy harvesting in transmission lines for the first time, and presents a dual-mode complementary strategy of wind-induced vibration for transmission lines.

Passive Monitoring to Active Regulation: Closed-Loop Piezoelectric Theranostic Platform Enabling On-Demand Vagus Stimulation for Terminating Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia.

Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST), characterized by unexplained acceleration of sinus rhythm, poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its paroxysmal and limited treatment options. This study proposes a closed-loop theranostic platform (TP-IST) based on an implantable piezoelectric fiber patch (iPFP) for on-demand vagus nerve stimulation for real-time monitoring of heartbeat and terminating IST, achieving a shift from traditional passive monitoring to revolutionary active regulation. Due to the enhanced piezoelectric response of the hot-press-treated piezoelectric fibers, the iPFP exhibits outstanding sensing performance, which can capture the heartbeats and generate synchronized electrical signals.

Breakdown Resistant Dielectrics and Self-Extinguishing Engineering for Air Breakdown.

The increasing energy demands of Internet of Things devices necessitate high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). However, the performance of TENGs is severely constrained by air and dielectric breakdown, which not only limits the energy output but also accelerates dielectric degradation and device failure. Here, a strategy is proposed to synergistically enhance the breakdown resistance and facilitate self-extinguishing of air breakdown by introducing an aluminum nitride (AlN) coating on dielectrics.

Laser-Tunable Noncontact Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Novel Approach for Surface Charge Regulation and Enhanced Lifetime.

The output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) largely depends on the density of electrons on the surface of the triboelectric materials, which is usually generated by the direct contact of two solid materials. Here, a novel method is proposed to regulate the surface charges of materials without physical contact. A laser-tunable noncontact triboelectric nanogenerator (LTNC-TENG) is fabricated, enabling the dynamic regulation of the surface states of materials through laser irradiation to optimize the performance of TENGs.

A Self-Sustainable, Ultrarobust and High-Power-Density Triboelectric Nanogenerator for In Situ Powering of Marine Internet of Things.

The sustainable operation of marine Internet of Things (IoT), as a critical enabler for marine resource utilization, is hindered by the lack of robust energy solutions capable of powering advanced functionalities in unpredictable oceanic environments. Here, a self-sustainable, highly reliable triboelectric nanogenerator system is presented that synergizes a non-contact architecture with dynamic charge supplementation and multiphase electrode design to overcome persistent limitations in durability, energy storage, and water wave adaptability. The system achieves a 3-fold enhancement in output charge with 97% performance retention over 20 million cycles-5.

Recyclable self-secreting autonomous healing dielectrics for millisecond water quality sensing.

Developing a sustainable, in-situ responsive sensing method for continuously monitoring water quality is crucial for water use and quality management globally. Conventional water quality monitoring sensors face challenges in achieving ultrafast response time and are non-recyclable. We present a self-assembly approach for a closed-loop recyclable, autonomous self-healing and transparent dielectric material with nanostructured amphiphobic surfaces (termed 'ReSURF').

Biodegradable Piezo-triboelectric Charge Nanogenerator Patch for Cartilage Regeneration.

Cartilage degradation is a hallmark of osteoarthritis. Restoring the natural bioelectric environment of osteoarthritic tissue could offer a promising treatment strategy through physical modulation. We report a microsized, biodegradable implantable patch that utilizes a piezoelectric effect-enhanced triboelectric charge generator (PTEG) to promote cartilage regeneration and osteoarthritis healing.

Tribovoltaic Effect at Liquid-MoS Interfaces and Spectral Analysis of Interfacial Charge Transfer.

Liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a viable approach for harvesting water energy to power Internet of Things systems. Semiconductor-based TENGs leveraging the tribovoltaic effect have recently emerged as a focus of research. In this paper, monolayer molybdenum disulfide (ML-MoS) is introduced as a contacting material for fabricating direct current (DC) liquid-solid nanogenerators.

Roadbed tribological energy harvester.

Roadbed tribological energy (RTE) is a promising recoverable resource with an estimated potential on the terawatt scale, generated annually by the interaction between tires and road surfaces. However, RTE remains underutilized due to the lack of effective energy harvesting technologies that can address its high-entropy characteristics. Here, we present a revolutionary harvester formed by a freestanding layer triboelectric nanogenerator array embedded in the road.

Evaluation and Rehabilitation System for Ulnar-Innervated Muscles Facilitated by Rare Earth Oxide-Enhanced Triboelectric Sensor.

Ulnar nerve injuries often lead to muscle atrophy and reduced hand function, necessitating precise monitoring and effective rehabilitation strategies. Current grip strength measurement tools rely on rigid mechanical equipment, which is inconvenient and requires frequent calibration. To address this, a muscle atrophy evaluation and rehabilitation system (MUERS) is presented, featuring a highly sensitive rare earth oxide-enhanced triboelectric sensor (RETS).

From Wave Energy to Electricity: Functional Design and Performance Analysis of Triboelectric Nanogenerators.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a self-sustaining power solution for marine regions abundant in resources but constrained by energy availability. Since their pioneering use in wave energy harvesting in 2014, nearly a decade of advancements has yielded nearly thousands of research articles in this domain. Researchers have developed various TENG device structures with diverse functionalities to facilitate their commercial deployment.

Schottky MSM-Structured Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator Enabling Over 25,000 nC Charge Transfer via Single Droplet Impact.

Using water droplets to generate electricity is an attractive approach for addressing the energy crisis. However, achieving high charge transfer and power output in such systems remains a major challenge. Here, a tribovoltaic nanogenerator (TVNG) is developed based on a specially designed Schottky metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure.

Self-powered sensing platform based on triboelectric nanogenerators towards intelligent mining industry.

Gold's crucial role in economic and technological developments has driven the industry towards underground mining, with air quality concerns challenging workers' safety. Currently, commercial solutions to assess air quality and safety in underground mines often suffer from low accuracy, high installation and maintenance costs, without providing data on noxious gases. To address these limitations, we developed a triboelectric self-powered sensing-platform (TESS) employing two distinct triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) modules to achieve power generation and wind-speed sensing function, with an ultra-low starting wind speed (0.

Feature-Reinforced Strategy for Enhancing the Accuracy of Triboelectric Vibration Sensing Toward Mechanical Equipment Monitoring.

With the advancement of intelligent and refined manufacturing, the demand for vibration sensors in smart equipment has surged. Traditional commercial vibration sensors and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based sensors are limited to basic amplitude and frequency recognition, failing to address both self-powering and diagnostic needs due to inherent design constraints. To overcome these limitations, this study introduces a novel mechanism combining interface dipole energy and vacuum level optimization in triboelectric materials to explain charge generation and separation under vibration.

TENG-Boosted Smart Sports with Energy Autonomy and Digital Intelligence.

Technological advancements have profoundly transformed the sports domain, ushering it into the digital era. Services leveraging big data in intelligent sports-encompassing performance analytics, training statistical evaluations and metrics-have become indispensable. These tools are vital in aiding athletes with their daily training regimens and in devising sophisticated competition strategies, proving crucial in the pursuit of victory.

Field emission effect in triboelectric nanogenerators.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have garnered increasing attention due to their exceptional ability to convert mechanical energy into electricity. Previous understanding is that the electric performance of TENGs is primarily restricted by contact electrification, air breakdown, and dielectric breakdown effects. Here, we have discovered the occurrence of field emission arising from contact electrification and identified its limitation on surface charge density, subsequently impacting the output performance of TENGs.

Harnessing Dynamic Electrostatic Fields for Energy Generation with Diode Cells.

Harvesting energy from distributed mechanical motions has garnered significance in future power sources for small electronics and sensors. Although technologies like triboelectric nanogenerators have shown promising results, their efficacy hinges on the alignment of motion vectors and device architectures. Here, an approach employing stationary diode cells (DiCes) to generate electricity is presented.

Neuromorphic Floating-Gate Memory Based on 2D Materials.

In recent years, the rapid progression of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has led to a significant increase in the demand for advanced computing capabilities and more robust data storage solutions. In light of these challenges, neuromorphic computing, inspired by human brain's architecture and operation principle, has surfaced as a promising answer to the growing technological demands. This novel methodology emulates the biological synaptic mechanisms for information processing, enabling efficient data transmission and computation at the identical position.

Phosphorylation enhanced OTUD3 deubiquitination ARID3A promotes the progress of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with different molecular etiologies and clinical manifestations. Post-translational modifications (PTM) such as ubiquitination and phosphorylation are widely involved in the progression of CCA. Our aim was to elucidate the effect of the deubiquitinating enzyme OTU domain-containing protein 3 (OTUD3) on the molecular pathogenesis of CAA.

Multimodal Finger-Shaped Tactile Sensor for Multi-Directional Force and Material Identification.

Multimodal tactile perception is crucial for advancing human-computer interaction, but real-time multidimensional force detection and material identification remain challenging. Here, a finger-shaped tactile sensor (FTS) based on the triboelectric effect is proposed, capable of multidirectional force sensing and material identification. The FTS is composed of an external material identification section and an internal force sensing section.

Direct observation of oxygen vacancy ordering evolution in cerium oxide at varying concentrations via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy.

Under illumination by a 300 keV electron beam, oxygen vacancy ordering structures are induced within cerium oxide grains. Our high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) study, supported by image simulation, reveals the evolution of these structures as vacancy concentration increases. The observed fluorite-type superlattice structures are identified as CeO, CeO, CeO, displaying a gradient in oxygen vacancy concentration moving away from the grain surface.

Electronic vascular conduit for in situ identification of hemadostenosis and thrombosis in small animals and nonhuman primates.

Patients suffering from coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can benefit from bypass graft surgery. For this surgery, arterial vascular grafts have become promising alternatives when autologous grafts are inaccessible but suffer from numerous postimplantation challenges, particularly delayed endothelialization, intimal hyperplasia, high risk of thrombogenicity and restenosis, and difficulty in timely detection of these subtle pathological changes. We present an electronic vascular conduit that integrates flexible electronics into bionic vascular grafts for in situ, real-time and long-term monitoring for hemadostenosis and thrombosis concurrent with postoperative vascular repair.