A pair of GPI-anchored proteins regulate soybean immunity and disease resistance in coordination with GmLMM1 and GmRALFs.

Plant cell-surface-localized pattern recognition receptors and co-receptors recognize conserved microbial patterns to initiate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), which confers moderate and broad-spectrum resistance to most pathogens. For instance, the FLS2 receptor recognizes bacterial flagellin (or epitope flg22) by forming a complex with its co-receptor BAK1. Malectin-like receptor-like kinases (RLKs) interact with several GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) to recognize rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptides, thereby regulating multiple physiological processes.

The Potential Carcinogenicity of Long-Term Polymetallic Exposure on the Development of Primary Liver Cancer: Nested Case-Control Evidence from the Jinchang Cohort Study.

With the rapid development of global metal exposure, while there is evidence indicating the toxicity of individual metals, the combined impact of mixed exposure of multiple metals on primary liver cancer (PLC) risks remains inadequately characterized. Therefore, we conducted this nested case-control study within the Jinchang cohort, including 129 incidents of PLC cases after 10 years of follow-up and 387 healthy controls matched by propensity score matching methods. Our findings showed that long-term exposure of chromium (Cr, Q2: OR = 10.

Probabilistic failure assessment of bolt-stabilized pro-dip slopes considering shear effect.

This study presents a probabilistic failure assessment model for bolt-stabilized pro-dip slopes, explicitly addressing the critical yet overlooked shear effect in conventional stability analyses. Conventional analytical approaches oversimplify the mechanical interactions between sliding slope masses and stabilizing bolts through the assumption of uniaxial tensile loading, thereby neglecting the combined tensile-shear stress states observed in real-world scenarios. To bridge this gap, the proposed model integrates force and moment equilibrium analyses, adopts the von Mises strength criterion for bolt rupture assessment, and systematically incorporates bedrock stratigraphy through differentiated parameter assignments.

Trends, patterns, and risk factors of esophageal cancer mortality in China, 2008-2021: A National Mortality Surveillance System data analysis.

Introduction: According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, China had the highest mortality burden of esophageal cancer (EC) globally in 2022.

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the national and provincial trends, patterns, and risk factors of EC deaths in China.

Methods: Data from the National Mortality Surveillance System were used to estimate national and provincial deaths, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs), and years of life lost (YLL).

LRM3 positively regulates stem lodging resistance by degradating MYB6 transcriptional repressor in soybean.

Stem lodging resistance plays a critical role in maintaining soybean yield stability, yet the molecular mechanisms governing stem development and lodging tolerance remain poorly understood. Here, we report the characterization of lodging-related mutant 3 (lrm3), a weak-stemmed soybean line exhibiting increased lodging susceptibility. Molecular cloning revealed that LRM3 encodes a U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase that physically interacts with the transcription factor MYB6, targeting it for 26S proteasome-mediated degradation.

The impact of cadmium exposure on breast cancer risk: Exploring dose-response relationships and mediating effects.

Cadmium (Cd), an endocrine disruptor, has been linked to hormone-related cancers, including breast cancer (BC). However, previous studies investigating the association between Cd exposure and BC risk have yielded inconsistent results, and the effects of Cd on BC subtypes remain poorly understood. We employed logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) to examine the relationship between Cd exposure and BC.

Ultra-high absorption efficiency of InN nanowires with a wide bandwidth in the short-wave infrared range.

The group III-V semiconductor InN is a highly promising candidate for photoelectric detectors in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) range but faces significant challenges in material quality. In recent years, one-dimensional nanowires (NWs) have allowed their high-quality growth and have added structural advantages. However, the performance potential of InN NWs is little known.

Magnetic skyrmionic structures with variable topological charges in engineered Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction systems.

Magnetic skyrmionic structures, including magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions, are characterized by swirling spin textures with non-trivial topologies. They are featured with specific topological charges, Q, which are of crucial importance in determining their topological properties. Owing to the invariance of the chiral nature, it is generally believed that Q is conserved in a given magnetic skyrmionic structure and is hard to alter.

Quantitation of global histone post-translational modifications reveal anti-inflammatory epigenetic mechanisms of liquiritigenin based on the optimized super-SILAC strategy.

Liquiritigenin (LIQ) is a dihydroflavonone monomer compound with a planar ring structure that exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity. The post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are closely associated with inflammatory diseases. To explore the relationships between the anti-inflammatory effects and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of LIQ, we optimized the super stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (super-SILAC) method combined with a compound stimulation strategy.

Does innovation policy drive rural revitalization in China? - An empirical study based on Chinese rural areas.

Innovation serves not only as the cornerstone of rural revitalization but also as the fundamental driving force behind agricultural and rural modernization in China. Since 2008, China has initiated the implementation of innovative city pilot projects, gradually expanding their scope. This study, based on mechanism analysis, employs panel data from 280 cities and local rural areas spanning from 2004 to 2018 to empirically examine the impact of pilot policies on local rural revitalization levels using methods such as the difference-in-differences model.

Shotgun and targeted proteomics of Mycolicibacterium smegmatis highlight the role of arginine phosphorylation in the functional adaptation to its environment.

Although the phosphorylation of serine (S), threonine (T), and tyrosine (Y) is well-established, arginine phosphorylation (pR) has recently garnered significant attention due to its crucial role in bacteria pathogenicity and stress response. Mycolicibacterium smegmatis, a nonpathogenic surrogate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, serves as a model for studying mycobacterial pathogenesis. A recent proteomics study identified six pR proteins in M.

Significance of TYMS Polymorphism rs3819102 as a Prognostic Marker for Nonsmoking Lung Cancer Patients of the Han Ethnicity in China.

Introduction: With high incidence and mortality rates, lung cancer is now one of the most common cancers in the world. The 5-year survival rate of lung cancer patients is very low, and predicting the prognosis of lung cancer patients and using it to develop treatment strategies and interventions is important for prolonging the survival time of patients. Folate metabolism involves various aspects such as methylation of DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.

Correlation of dyslipidemia characterized by abnormal cholesterol in first trimester with early pregnancy loss: a retrospective study.

Purpose: Dyslipidemia has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes in observational studies. This study aimed to explore how variations in lipid levels during the first trimester might influence early pregnancy loss (EPL).

Methods: Blood samples from pregnant women were analyzed to examine the relationship between EPL and lipid metabolism using logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS).

Subtle Structural Modifications Spanning from EP4 Antagonism to EP2/EP4 Dual Antagonism: A Novel Class of Thienocyclic-Based Derivatives.

The development of dual prostaglandin E receptors 2/4 (EP2/EP4) antagonists represents an attractive strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Herein, a series of 4,7-dihydro-5-thieno[2,3-]pyran derivatives with potent EP2/EP4 dual antagonism were discovered by fine-tuned structural modifications. The biphenyl side chain was found to be the key pharmacophore for the transition from EP4 antagonism to EP2/EP4 dual antagonism.

Reducing crystal symmetry to generate out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antisymmetric exchange interaction (DMI) stabilises topological spin textures with promising future spintronics applications. According to crystal symmetry, the DMI can be categorized as four different types that favour different chiral textures. Unlike the other three extensively-investigated types, out-of-plane DMI, as the last type that favours in-plane chirality, remained missing so far.

MURDA: Multisource Unsupervised Raman Spectroscopy Domain Adaptation Model with Reconstructed Target Domains for Medical Diagnosis Assistance.

Artificial intelligence combined with Raman spectroscopy for disease diagnosis is on the rise. However, these methods require a large amount of annotated spectral data for modeling to achieve high diagnostic accuracy. Annotating labels consumes significant medical resources and time.

Time-dependent cardiovascular risks following pneumonia in inpatient and outpatient settings: A register-based cohort study.

Background: The elevated long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks associated with pneumonia have been observed among inpatients, yet the risks associated with outpatients are less understood.

Methods: We used register-based data and a matched cohort design, including 98,354 pneumonia inpatients and 44,486 outpatients, as well as a 5-fold number of matched healthy controls. Associations between pneumonia presentation (in inpatient and outpatient settings) and long-term CVD risks were measured by rate difference and hazard ratio (HR) using Poisson and Cox regressions in a time-dependent manner.

Perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and the risk of breast cancer: A nested case-control study in Jinchang Cohort.

Background: As persistent organic pollutants (POPs), perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) may potentially impact human health. Our study aimed to investigate the prospective association between PFAS exposure and the incidence risk of breast cancer in females.

Methods: By fully following the Jinchang Cohort after a decade, we conducted this nested case-control study with 135 incidence cases of breast cancer (BC) and 540 bias-paired controls.

Peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ alleviates human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury in deep vein thrombosis by blocking endoplasmic reticulum stress.

The present study aimed to explore the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), as well as to discover the potential regulatory mechanism of PPARγ. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with modified glycated human serum albumin (M-HSA) to mimic DVT. PPARγ expression and activity were detected using western blot analysis and the corresponding activity detection kit, respectively.

Burden of digestive system diseases in China and its provinces during 1990-2019: Results of the 2019 Global Disease Burden Study.

Background: Evaluating the impact of digestive system diseases is vital for devising effective prevention strategies. However, comprehensive reports on the burden of digestive system diseases in China are lacking. Our study aimed to provide an overview of the burden and trends of digestive system diseases from 1990 to 2019 in China and its provinces.

Development of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in China: results from the national census in 2013 and 2020.

Background: Given the significant burden of upper digestive diseases, there has been a substantial increase in the utilization of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in China from 2012 to 2019. The objective of this study is to investigate the development, practice, and factors influencing the widespread use of EGD during this period.

Methods: Two national censuses were conducted among all hospitals in mainland China that perform gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Self-Supervised Adversarial Training of Monocular Depth Estimation Against Physical-World Attacks.

Monocular Depth Estimation (MDE) plays a vital role in applications such as autonomous driving. However, various attacks target MDE models, with physical attacks posing significant threats to system security. Traditional adversarial training methods, which require ground-truth labels, are not directly applicable to MDE models that lack ground-truth depth.

Effective surface passivation of GaAs nanowire photodetectors by a thin ZnO capping.

The III-V nanowire (NW) structure is a good candidate for developing photodetectors. However, high-density surface states caused by the large surface-to-volume ratio severely limit their performance, which is difficult to solve in conventional ways. Here, a robust surface passivation method, using a thin layer of ZnO capping, is developed for promoting NW photodetector performance.

Development and status quo of digestive endoscopy in China: An analysis based on the national census in 2013 and 2020.

Background And Objectives: Technique and practice of digestive endoscopy are undergoing speedy development all over the world. This study aimed to evaluate its status quo and development in China.

Methods: All hospitals performing digestive endoscopy in mainland China participated in the national census in 2013 and 2020.