Entrainment of rhythmic tonal sequences on neural oscillations and the impact on subjective emotion.

Music possesses a remarkable capacity to evoke a broad spectrum of subjective responses and promote healing in humans, with rhythm playing a crucial role among its various elements. Rhythmic entrainment is considered as one of the fundamental mechanisms, yet its subsequent behavioral responses and quantitative relationship remain unclear. In the study presented here, we combined behavioral and electroencephalography experiments to explore the relationship between neural entrainment and emotional responses to rhythmic auditory stimuli, focusing on the emotional dimensions of valence, arousal, and dominance.

Linking Caregivers' Evaluation of Children's Mood to Brain Network.

Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy technique, this study identified lower brain network efficiency in children with anxiety and/or depression compared to healthy controls, with caregivers' evaluation of mood correlating with brain network efficiency.

Risk factor patterns define social anxiety subtypes in adolescents with brain and clinical feature differences.

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The heterogeneity of both symptoms and etiology is an essential source of difficulties in the treatment and prevention of SAD. The study aimed to identify subtypes of adolescent SAD based on etiology-related phenotype dimensions and examine symptom and brain associations of the subtypes.

Preschoolers' deception related to prefrontal cortex activation: An fNIRS study.

Deception is an essential part of children's moral development. Previous developmental studies have shown that children start to deceive at the age of 3 years, and as age increased to 5 years, almost all children were able to deceive for their own benefit. Although behavioral studies have indicated that the emergence and development of deception are related to cognitive abilities, their neural correlates remain poorly understood.

Abnormal amygdala volume moderates parenting and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents with anxiety disorder.

Anxiety disorders (AD) usually onset in childhood or adolescence and are related to brain development and early experiences during this period. As the hub of the fear circuit, the amygdala plays a crucial role in the development of emotional processing, and abnormalities in its structure and function are associated with anxiety disorders. We aim to uncover the amygdala volume's moderation between parenting and anxiety severity in children and adolescents with AD.

A normative model of brain responses to social scenarios reflects the maturity of children and adolescents' social-emotional abilities.

The rapid brain maturation in childhood and adolescence accompanies the development of socio-emotional functioning. However, it is unclear how the maturation of the neural activity drives the development of socio-emotional functioning and individual differences. This study aimed to reflect the age dependence of inter-individual differences in brain responses to socio-emotional scenarios and to develop naturalistic imaging indicators to assess the maturity of socio-emotional ability at the individual level.

Age- and sex-dependent increase in self-harm among adolescents with mental health problems in East China during COVID-19 related society-wide isolation.

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about child and adolescent mental health issues, such as self-harm. The impact of society-wide isolation on self-harming behaviors among adolescents in China is unclear. In addition, adolescents of different ages and sexes have varying abilities to cope with environmental changes.

Amygdala's T1-weighted image radiomics outperforms volume for differentiation of anxiety disorder and its subtype.

Introduction: Anxiety disorder is the most common psychiatric disorder among adolescents, with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) being a common subtype of anxiety disorder. Current studies have revealed abnormal amygdala function in patients with anxiety compared with healthy people. However, the diagnosis of anxiety disorder and its subtypes still lack specific features of amygdala from T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Aberrant functional connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and its age dependence in children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder.

Background: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and impairing mental disorder among children and adolescents. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays a critical role in anxiety disorders, including valence surveillance and hypervigilance for potential threats. However, the role of BNST and its related functional network in children and adolescents with SAD has not been fully investigated.

Age-dependent alterations in the coordinated development of subcortical regions in adolescents with social anxiety disorder.

Subcortical brain regions play essential roles in the pathology of social anxiety disorder (SAD). While adolescence is the peak period of SAD, the relationships between altered development of the subcortical regions during this period and SAD are still unclear. This study investigated the age-dependent alterations in structural co-variance among subcortical regions and between subcortical and cortical regions, aiming to reflect aberrant coordination during development in the adolescent with SAD.

Higher Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio Is Associated With a Higher Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia.

Objective: Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a frequent complication in stroke patients. This present study aimed to investigate the association between stress hyperglycemia and SAP.

Methods: Patients were screened between February 2013 and August 2020 from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

Altered Variability and Concordance of Dynamic Resting-State fMRI Indices in Patients With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a commonly diagnosed neuropsychiatric disorder in children, which is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI), the alterations of static and dynamic characteristics of intrinsic brain activity have been identified in patients with ADHD. Yet, it remains unclear whether the concordance among indices of dynamic R-fMRI is altered in ADHD.

Psychopathological symptom network structure in transgender and gender queer youth reporting parental psychological abuse: a network analysis.

Background: This is the first study to investigate the effect of parental psychological abuse on potential psychopathological symptoms in gender minority youth subgroups, including transgender women, transgender men, and gender queer individuals.

Methods: Data was analysed from the Chinese National Transgender Survey in 2017; the survey was distributed through community-based organizations to transgender adolescents and adults residing in China, with representation from all 32 provinces and autonomous regions. A total of 1293 youth that self-identified as transgender or gender queer completed the study.

Neural Mechanism of Shentai Tea Polyphenols on Cognitive Improvements for Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study.

Background: A growing awareness about non-pharmacological intervention for cognitively impaired individuals may represent an alternative therapeutic approach that is actively accepted by patients with very early stage of Alzheimer's disease. Understanding the neural basis of non-pharmacological intervention is a crucial step toward wide use for patients with cognitive disorders.

Objective: To investigate the underlying neural mechanism of shentai tea polyphenols in subjects with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Counselling and psychotherapy service use in Chinese sexual minority populations: a nationwide survey.

Background: This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with counselling and psychotherapy service use among Chinese sexual minority populations.

Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was performed using snowball sampling method, which led to the inclusion of 18,193 participants. Participants' sociodemographic background, clinical, and psychological data were gathered.

Changes in network centrality of psychopathology symptoms between the COVID-19 outbreak and after peak.

The current study investigated the mechanism and changes in psychopathology symptoms throughout the COVID-19 outbreak and after peak. Two studies were conducted separately in China during outbreak and the after peak stages, with 2540 participants were recruited from February 6 to 16, 2020, and 2543 participants were recruited from April 25 to May 5, 2020. The network models were created to explore the relationship between psychopathology symptoms both within and across anxiety and depression, with anxiety measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.

Applications of Resting-State fNIRS in the Developing Brain: A Review From the Connectome Perspective.

Early brain development from infancy through childhood is closely related to the development of cognition and behavior in later life. Human brain connectome is a novel framework for describing topological organization of the developing brain. Resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), with a natural scanning environment, low cost, and high portability, is considered as an emerging imaging technique and has shown valuable potential in exploring brain network architecture and its changes during the development.

Mapping out a spectrum of the Chinese public's discrimination toward the LGBT community: results from a national survey.

Background: China has the world's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population. This study assessed the discrimination experienced by LGBT individuals in China in a comprehensive way, covering discrimination perpetrated by family, media, medical services, religious communities, schools, social services, and in the workplace.

Methods: The current study involved a national survey of 31 provinces and autonomous regions.

Disrupted functional brain connectivity networks in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: evidence from resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychological disease in childhood. Currently, widely used neuroimaging techniques require complete body confinement and motionlessness and thus are extremely hard for brain scanning of ADHD children. We present resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as an imaging technique to record spontaneous brain activity in children with ADHD.

Altered Functional Connectivity in the Motor and Prefrontal Cortex for Children With Down's Syndrome: An fNIRS Study.

Children with Down's syndrome (DS) might exhibit disrupted brain functional connectivity in the motor and prefrontal cortex. To inspect the alterations in brain activation and functional connectivity for children with DS, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) method was applied to examine the brain activation difference in the motor and prefrontal cortex between the DS and typically developing (TD) groups during a fine motor task. In addition, small-world analysis based on graph theory was also carried out to characterize the topological organization of functional brain networks.

The relationship between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder among college students: A structural equation model.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and the associated interaction effects of childhood trauma, depression and anxiety in college students.

Methods: Participants were enrolled full-time as freshmen at a University in the Hunan province, China. All participants reported their socio-demographic characteristics and undertook a standardized assessment on childhood trauma, anxiety, depression and IGD.