A retrospective analysis of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in pneumonectomy for locally advanced central non-small cell lung cancer.

Aims: The treatment of patients with locally advanced central non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing pneumonectomy.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent pneumonectomy with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced central NSCLC between 2014 and 2019.

Halogen anion (Cl-, Br-) and alkali metal cation (Cs+, K+, Rb+) synergistic binding behaviors using a belt shaped dual-functional hydrocarbon receptor.

The belt shaped functionalized hydrocarbon receptors have attracted great interest because of their special "frustum-like" configuration, in which the openings at the upper and lower ends (dual-functional sites) are more beneficial when used as ion recognition sites. In this paper, the binding behaviors of the belt shaped dual-functional hydrocarbon receptors for halogen anions (Cl- and Br-) and alkali metal cations (K+, Rb+, and Cs+) were investigated in depth using density functional theory calculations. It is found that anion/cation binding can be enhanced and synergistically regulated by counterion and the corresponding conformational changes of the receptor, which well reflects the electrical complementary matching and mutual reinforcement effects.

Assessment of cross-section library impact on neutron beam quality in AB-BNCT monte carlo studies.

This study investigated the impact of nuclear reaction cross-sections data from various nuclear data libraries on neutron parameters in Monte Carlo simulations using the PHITS code for accelerator-based BNCT (AB-BNCT). Specifically, it evaluated the effect of different proton data libraries-ENDF/B VII.1, ENDF/B VIII.

Ultrasensitive determination of insulin by an unlabelled fluorescent aptasensor based on FeO@SiO and an oxadiazole compound with AIEE activity.

A novel fluorescent organic compound, OBEI, exhibiting aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) characteristics was successfully synthesized. Leveraging its unique photophysical properties, a label-free fluorescent aptasensor was developed using OBEI as the fluorescent reporter and FeO@SiO magnetic beads as the adsorption substrate. The sensing mechanism relies on the formation of an INS-Apt/OBEI complex through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between OBEI and the insulin-specific aptamer (INS-Apt).

Innovative microbial strategies in atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by chronic and recurrent itching with a high burden of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs, a measure of overall disease burden). Traditional treatments mainly include corticosteroids, which have a good effect on controlling inflammation but adverse side effects. Recently, advancements in understanding the pathogenesis of AD have led to the emergence of a variety of novel therapeutic approaches, such as microbiome manipulation, offering renewed hope for more effective management of this condition.

The neurocognitive mechanism underlying math avoidance among math anxious people.

This study explores the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying math avoidance in individuals with high math anxiety (HMA), a pattern contributing to reduced practice and poor performance. Using an approach-avoid conflict paradigm and both general linear mixed model and Hierarchical Drift Diffusion Model (HDDM) regression analyses, we found their avoidance behavior is primarily driven by heightened sensitivity to task difficulty, rather than reward sensitivity. Task difficulty sensitivity also mediated the link between math anxiety and avoidance tendency.

Unraveling the role of HIF2α in melanoma progression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Melanoma is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive malignancy. Hypoxia within the tumor microenvironment is closely associated with tumor progression. However, the role of hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF2α), a key transcription factor, in melanoma remains poorly understood.

[Compound formula alleviates -induced liver fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the inflammation-fibrosis cascade via regulating the TLR4/MyD88 pathway].

Objectives: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of compound formula (CCA) for alleviating (Sj)-induced liver fibrosis in mice.

Methods: The active components and targets of CCA were identified using the TCMSP database with cross-analysis of Sj-related liver fibrosis targets. A "drug-component-target-pathway-disease" network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.

Sex effects on dynamic structure-function coupling of intrinsic brain network.

Sex differences in static structure-function coupling between structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) have been documented. However, the human brain is highly dynamic, and static coupling fails to capture the time-varying properties of neural activity. It remains unclear how sex influences dynamic SC-FC coupling over time.

Ether Rhodamines with Enhanced Hydrophilicity, Fluorogenicity, and Brightness for Super-Resolution Imaging.

Rhodamine dyes are widely used fluorophores in super-resolution fluorescence imaging due to their exceptional optical properties and "aggregation-disaggregation" induced fluorogenic activation. However, their excessive lipophilicity often reduces brightness in aqueous environments and causes off-target staining, limiting their effectiveness in high-resolution imaging. To address these challenges, we introduce an ether-decorated N-terminal modification strategy for rhodamine and silicon-rhodamine (Si-rhodamine), replacing conventional -alkyl groups.

Case Report: A Complex Multidisciplinary Surgical Approach for a Pediatric Patient With Congenital Meningoencephalocele.

Congenital meningoencephalocele is a rare condition where brain tissue and meninges protrude through a skull defect, often requiring complex surgical management. The authors report the case of a 14-year-old female with a frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele, presenting with a progressively enlarging nasal mass since birth. Preoperative imaging revealed significant cranial base defects and brain herniation.

Structure-function connectomics reveals aberrant left hemispheric developmental trajectory in autism spectrum disorder.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by structural and functional brain differences relative to typically developing individuals. Although previous work has identified abnormalities in rich-club (RC) organization and left-right asymmetry in ASD, the developmental trajectory of these anomalies remains unclear. In this study, we examined how age influences structure-function coupling and structural proportions in RC networks using data from 140 participants (aged 5-26 years) drawn from ABIDE II.

Corrigendum to "PEI-PEG-Coated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enhance the Antitumor Activity of Tanshinone IIA and Serve as a Gene Transfer Vector".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/6756763.].

Overcoming Barriers to Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in Guangdong Province, China.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains a critical public health challenge in China, particularly in Guangdong Province, where HPV-52, 16, and 58 genotypes predominate, and male infection rates exceed 40%. Despite the successful implementation of a government-funded school-based program that has achieved 88% HPV vaccine coverage among adolescent girls, several persistent barriers, including genotype mismatch (the free HPV vaccine covers < 50% of high-risk local strains), regional disparities (80% vs. 60% for first-dose coverage), and exclusion of males, thwart progress toward herd immunity.

Interpretable machine learning algorithms reveal gut microbiome features associated with atopic dermatitis.

Background: The "gut-skin axis" has been proposed to play an important role in the development and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. Therefore, we have constructed an interpretable machine learning framework to quantitatively screen key gut flora.

Methods: The 16S rRNA dataset, after applying the centered log-ratio transformation, was analyzed using five different machine learning models: random forest, light gradient boosting machine, extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine with radial kernel, and logistic regression.

Integration of gene mutations in risk prognostication for watch-and-wait follicular lymphoma patients initiating first-line treatment.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) patients with low tumor burden at diagnosis frequently undergo the watch-and-wait (W&W) strategy. The study aimed to facilitate risk assessment in predicting the time to lymphoma treatment (TLT) for W&W patients through an integrated analysis of clinical factors and genetic mutations. A retrospective study was conducted on 214 FL patients managed with W&W between 2016 and 2023.

Sensitively detecting antigen of SARS-CoV-2 by a homogeneous immunoassay based on ortho-touch reaction and graphene oxide (GO) quenched acridine esterification chemiluminescence.

In this study, a homogeneous immunoassay based on ortho-touch reaction and graphene oxide (GO) quenched acridine esterification chemiluminescence is developed for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen. The sensitivity and specificity of this method was further evaluated with viral protein, virus strains and clinical samples. Benefiting from strong chemiluminescence signal and good quenching performance of GO, this method allows enhanced signal-to-background ratio, and the limit of detection is down to 0.

Dynamic change in Epstein-Barr virus DNA predicts prognosis in early stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma with pegaspargase-based treatment: long-term follow-up and biomarker analysis from the NHL-004 multicenter randomized study.

The multi-center randomized phase 3 NHL-004 study compared etoposide, dexamethasone and pegaspargase (ESA) versus methotrexate, etoposide, dexamethasone and pegaspargase (MESA) regimen, combined with sandwiched radiotherapy, in newly diagnosed early-stage nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Here we report the long-term outcomes (median follow-up, 64 months) and biomarker analysis. 256 eligible patients aged 14-70 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to ESA or MESA arm.

Value of lung ultrasound scores in assessing extravascular lung water in septic shock patients.

The aim of this study was to explore the clinical value and accuracy of lung ultrasound in evaluating extravascular lung water (EVLW) in septic shock patients. Twenty-four septic shock patients who required mechanical ventilation and pulse indicating continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) monitoring in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of our hospital were included. Basic laboratory and demographic data for these patients were recorded.

De novo discovery of a molecular glue-like macrocyclic peptide that induces MCL1 homodimerization.

Macrocyclic peptides have emerged as promising drug candidates, filling the gap between small molecules and large biomolecules in drug discovery. The antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) is crucial for numerous cancers, yet it presents challenges for selective targeting by traditional inhibitors. In this study, we identified a macrocyclic peptide, 5L1, that strongly binds to MCL1, with a dissociation constant () of 7.

The Causal Relationship Between Acne Vulgaris and BMI: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: As an inflammatory skin condition, acne usually presents with a complex pathogenesis. Recent studies suggest that BMI may relate to the incidence of acne. Mendelian randomization is a statistical method that is used to evaluate the causal effects of exposure factors on outcome variables.

Amorphous/Crystalline Interface of Bi/BiNbOCl Heterostructure for Improved Piezo-Photocatalysis.

Efficient separation of photogenerated charges at the surface of photocatalysts is vital for achieving high photocatalytic activity. Here, a Bi/BiNbOCl heterostructure piezo-photocatalyst with an amorphous/crystalline interface (acBi/BNC) is prepared by in situ reduction using BiNbOCl as a self-sacrificial template. This ingenious design synergistically utilizes the advantages of the amorphous/crystalline interface structure, localized surface plasmon resonance effect, and piezoelectric field.

Structural and functional changes in the oral microbiome of patients with craniofacial microsomia.

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is the second most common congenital craniofacial deformity, presenting diverse clinical manifestations and treatments that may influence oral bacteria dysbiosis (OBD). However, research linking CFM to OBD is limited. Saliva samples were collected from 20 patients with CFM and 24 controls.

Identification of Chemical Constituents and Rat Metabolites of Jianpihuazhuotiaozhi Granule by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.

Jianpihuazhuotiaozhi granules (JPHZTZ) are traditional Chinese medicine formula. An analytical method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was established to characterize the chemical constituents of JPHZTZ and determine its metabolic profile in rat urine and plasma after oral administration. A total of 220 compounds were identified in JPHZTZ extract, including 61 flavonoids, 16 alkaloids, 53 organic acids, 31 terpenoids, and 59 other compounds.

Identification and validation of a novel signature based on immune‑related genes from epithelial cells to predict prognosis and treatment response in patients with lung squamous cell cancer by integrated analysis of single‑cell and bulk RNA sequencing.

Epithelial cells are associated with tumor immunity through interstitial transformation, yet the role of epithelial immune-related genes (EIGs) in this process remains unclear. Comprehending the mechanisms behind EIGs within lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) may offer an explanation to these issues. The present study aimed to explore the biological role of EIGs in patients with LUSC.