All-optical filtering of nuclear magnetic resonance logging data based on a diffractive neural network.

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) logging data is very low; filtering methods based on U-Net and MsEDNet are always employed to extract information for logging stratigraphic evaluation. Since it is difficult to adjust the parameters of U-Net and MsEDNet for logging data, the filtered results suffer from low SNR and distortion. To address the problem, this paper proposes an optical diffractive neural network (DNN)-based filtering system for NMR logging data, which can protect the signal's integrity and avoid degradation of the neural network.

The effects of twin-screw extrusion conditions on the flavor quality of sturgeon mince: Lipid metabolic pathways.

The difficulty to control the flavor quality of sturgeon meat products is a major problem that limits the development of processing industry. The twin-screw extrusion technique was used to investigate the effects of closed processing conditions on lipid, volatile compounds and flavor quality. The flavor, metabolites, and lipids of extruded surimi changed significantly after processing temperature reaching 160 °C, and the intensity of flavors at 200 rpm was higher than that in the lower rotational speed groups.

Full freedom-of-motion actuators as advanced haptic interfaces.

The sense of touch conveys critical environmental information, facilitating object recognition, manipulation, and social interaction, and can be engineered through haptic actuators that stimulate cutaneous receptors. An unfulfilled challenge lies in haptic interface technologies that can engage all the various mechanoreceptors in a programmable, spatiotemporal fashion across large areas of the body. Here, we introduce a small-scale actuator technology that can impart omnidirectional, superimposable, dynamic forces to the surface of skin, as the basis for stimulating individual classes of mechanoreceptors or selected combinations of them.

Construction of gel network based on soybean dietary fiber-sturgeon myofibrillar protein: Mechanism of influence in modification treatment on gel structure and properties.

This study discuss the influence of interactions between soybean dietary fiber and sturgeon myofibrillar protein on gel properties, thereby providing theoretical guidance for the surimi processing industry. Firstly, the physicochemical and functional properties of soybean dietary fiber treated with Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide were evaluated. Subsequently, the interactions between various dietary fibers and sturgeon myofibrillar protein, along with their effects on the enhancement of gel properties, were systematically examined.

CBX3 Downregulates HLTF to Activate PI3K/AKT Signaling Promoting Cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive cancer with poor response to chemotherapy or radiation, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Epigenetic regulation, which is reversible, plays a significant role in cancer progression. CBX3 (HP1γ), a key heterochromatin protein, regulates gene expression by interacting with histone H3 lysine 9 trimethyl (H3K9me3) markers.

Dimer-monomer transition defines a hyper-thermostable peptidoglycan hydrolase mined from bacterial proteome by lysin-derived antimicrobial peptide-primed screening.

Phage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases (i.e. lysins) are considered promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their direct peptidoglycan degradation activity and low risk of resistance development.

Bioelastic state recovery for haptic sensory substitution.

The rich set of mechanoreceptors found in human skin offers a versatile engineering interface for transmitting information and eliciting perceptions, potentially serving a broad range of applications in patient care and other important industries. Targeted multisensory engagement of these afferent units, however, faces persistent challenges, especially for wearable, programmable systems that need to operate adaptively across the body. Here we present a miniaturized electromechanical structure that, when combined with skin as an elastic, energy-storing element, supports bistable, self-sensing modes of deformation.

A young male with primary hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHEs) is a vascular endothelial-derived tumor, which can be seen in the liver, mediastinum, lung and other parts, and most often occurs in the liver. Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEHE) is rare in clinical practice. The etiology and pathogenesis of HEHE are still unclear, and it depends on imaging and pathological examination.

Unignored intracellular journey and biomedical applications of extracellular vesicles.

The intracellular journey of extracellular vesicles (EVs) cannot be ignored in various biological pathological processes. In this review, the biogenesis, biological functions, uptake pathways, intracellular trafficking routes, and biomedical applications of EVs were highlighted. Endosomal escape is a unique mode of EVs release.

Study on antimicrobial activity of sturgeon skin mucus polypeptides (Rational Design, Self-Assembly and Application).

Despite the favorable biocompatibility of natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), their scarcity limits their practical application. Through rational design, the activity of AMPs can be enhanced to expand their application. In this study, we selected a natural sturgeon epidermal mucus peptide, AP-16 (APATPAAPALLPLWLL), as the model molecule and studied its conformational regulation and antimicrobial activity through amino acid substitutions and -terminal lipidation.

Riboflavin-loaded soy protein isolate cold gel treated with combination of high intensity ultrasound and high hydrostatic pressure: Gel structure, physicochemical properties and gastrointestinal digestion fate.

Transglutaminase (TGase) was added to soy protein isolate (SPI) dispersion after the combination treatment of high intensity ultrasound (HIU) and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) to catalyze the formation of cold gel, which was used to encapsulate riboflavin. The structure, physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion characteristics of riboflavin-loaded SPI cold gel were investigated. HIU-HHP combined treatment enhanced the strength, water retention, elastic property, thermal stability and protein denaturation degree of riboflavin-loaded SPI cold gels, and improved the gel network structure, resulting in a higher encapsulation efficiency of riboflavin and its chemical stability under heat and light treatment.

A robotic system for transthoracic puncture of pulmonary nodules based on gated respiratory compensation.

Background And Objective: With the urgent demands for rapid and precise localization of pulmonary nodules in procedures such as transthoracic puncture biopsy and thoracoscopic surgery, many surgical navigation and robotic systems are applied in the clinical practice of thoracic operation. However, current available positioning methods have certain limitations, including high radiation exposure, large errors from respiratory, complicated and time-consuming procedures, etc. METHODS: To address these issues, a preoperative computed tomography (CT) image-guided robotic system for transthoracic puncture was proposed in this study.

Interlayer coupling controlled electronic and magnetic properties of two-dimensional VOCl/PtTe van der Waals heterostructure.

The coupling of hetero monolayers into van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures has become an effective way to obtain tunable physical and chemical properties of two dimensional (2D) materials. In this work, based on first principles calculations, we systematically explore the electronic and magnetic properties of a 2D VOCl/PtTe heterostructure. Our results indicate that the ground state of the VOCl/PtTe heterostructure is a ferromagnetic (FM) metal with large magnetic anisotropy energy, among which, the VOCl "sublayer" shows FM half metallic properties while the PtTe "sublayer" shows nonmagnetic metallic properties.

Transglutaminase-induced soybean protein isolate cold-set gels treated with combination of ultrasound and high pressure: Physicochemical properties and structural characterization.

Soybean protein isolate (SPI) was treated by the combined exposure to ultrasound and high pressure and then subjected to transglutaminase (TGase)-catalyzed cross-linking to prepare SPI cold-set gels. The effects of combined treatments on physicochemical and structural properties of TGase-induced SPI cold-set gels were investigated. The combination of ultrasound and high pressure promoted the covalent disulfide bonds and ε-(γ-glutaminyl) lysine isopeptide bonds as well as non-covalent hydrophobic interactions, which further improved the gelation properties of SPI compared to ultrasound or high pressure alone.

The effect of switchable electronic polarization states on the electronic properties of two-dimensional multiferroic TMBr/GaSSe (TM = V-Ni) heterostructures.

Multiferroic van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures (HSs) prepared by combining different ferroic materials offer an exciting platform for next-generation nanoelectronic devices. In this work, we investigate the magnetoelectric coupling properties of multiferroic vdW HSs consisting of a magnetic TMBr (TM = V-Ni) monolayer and a ferroelectric GaSSe monolayer using first-principles theory calculations. It is found that the magnetic orderings in the magnetic TMBr layers are robust and the band alignment of these TMBr/GaSSe HSs can be altered by reversing the polarization direction of the ferroelectric layer.

Interactions of soy protein isolate with common and waxy corn starches and their effects on acid-induced cold gelation properties of complexes.

Soy protein isolate (SPI) was mixed with different concentrations of common starch (CS) and waxy starch (WS) from corn. The interactions of SPI with CS or WS and their effects on the acid-induced cold gelation properties of complexes were investigated. Compared with WS, SPI could bind to CS more strongly and formed a tighter SPI-CS non-covalent complex, which resulted in the increased β-sheet and a more ordered secondary structure.

Gut-derived β-amyloid: Likely a centerpiece of the gut-brain axis contributing to Alzheimer's pathogenesis.

Peripheral β-amyloid (Aβ), including those contained in the gut, may contribute to the formation of Aβ plaques in the brain, and gut microbiota appears to exert an impact on Alzheimer's disease (AD) via the gut-brain axis, although detailed mechanisms are not clearly defined. The current study focused on uncovering the potential interactions among gut-derived Aβ in aging, gut microbiota, and AD pathogenesis. To achieve this goal, the expression levels of Aβ and several key proteins involved in Aβ metabolism were initially assessed in mouse gut, with key results confirmed in human tissue.

QT Prolongation and In-Hospital Ventricular Arrhythmic Complications in Patients With Apical Ballooning Takotsubo Syndrome.

Background: Takotsubo syndrome is associated with life threatening arrhythmias, and the apical ballooning pattern is characterized by a peculiar QT prolongation and particularly high-risk of arrhythmias.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the association of QT interval on electrocardiogram for ventricular arrhythmic complications in patients with apical ballooning Takotsubo syndrome in a diverse population at a large urban hospital in the U.S.

Application of a combined response surface methodology (RSM)-artificial neural network (ANN) for multiple target optimization and prediction in a magnetic coagulation process for secondary effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants.

In this study, an enhanced coagulation-flocculant process incorporating magnetic powder was used to further treat the secondary effluent of domestic wastewater from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The purpose of this work was to improve the discharged water quality to the surface water class IV standard of China. A novel approach using a combination of the response surface methodology and an artificial neural network (RSM-ANN) was used to optimize and predict the total phosphorus (TP) pollutant removal and turbidity.

Enhancement of algae ponds for rural domestic sewage treatment by prolonging daylight using artificial lamps.

Algal ponds (APs) are widely used as treatment facilities for domestic sewage in sparsely populated rural areas. However, few AP studies have focused on daylight length to enhance pollutants removal. In this study, four algae ponds were set up, daylight was prolonged by 0, 2, 4, and 6 h with an illuminating intensity of 3000 lx.

Three-dimensional reconstruction using variable exponential function regularization for wide-field polarization modulation imaging of surface texture of particles.

Shapes from the diffuse polarization method effectively realize the three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the object surface by using the polarization information of the diffuse reflection light. However, due to the nonconvexity of the particle surface, the reconstruction often falls into a local optimal solution. Indeed, the depth image obtained by the scanning electron microscope has serious stripe noise, which distorts the surface texture of the particle.