Lipid accumulation product and cardiometabolic index as indicators for sarcopenia: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 2011-2018.

Although evidence suggests that lipid accumulation product (LAP) and cardiometabolic index (CMI) may be associated with the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, their relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate their association with sarcopenia. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 4,172 adults aged 20-59 years from the NHANES 2011-2018 cycles.

Finite element analysis of percutaneous uniplanar screw fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.

Objective: To compare the biomechanical characteristics of thoracolumbar fractures treated with uniplanar screws, monoaxial screws, and polyaxial screws using finite element analysis.

Methods: CT data of the thoracolumbar spine T-L from a healthy volunteer were collected, and using finite element software, models of both normal and fractured spines were created. Three different fixation models were constructed with monoaxial screws (Mps group), polyaxial screws (Pps group), and uniplanar screws (Ups group), respectively.

ASO Author Reflections: Clinical-Radiomic Machine Learning Model Predicts Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Surgical Difficulty: A Retrospective Study.

This study developed a machine learning (ML) model combining clinical and radiomic features to predict surgical difficulty in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs), aiming to optimize preoperative planning and reduce perioperative complications. Retrospective clinical and imaging data from PPGLs patients were analyzed to construct two sets of models: clinical parameter models and clinical-radiomic models. Seven ML algorithms were tested, with the SVM-based clinical-radiomic model achieving the highest performance (training area under the curve [AUC]: 0.

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Pheochromocytomas/Paragangliomas Surgery Difficulty: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to preoperatively predict surgical difficulty for pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) using clinical and radiomic features.

Methods: In this study, 212 patients with pathologically confirmed PPGLs were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training (n = 148) and validation cohorts (n = 64). Seven ML models (Classification and Regression Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting) were trained using clinical parameters alone or combined with radiomics.

Compact Near-Infrared Imaging Device Based on a Large-Aperture All-Si Metalens.

Near-infrared imaging devices are extensively used in medical diagnosis, night vision, and security monitoring. However, existing traditional imaging devices rely on a bunch of refracting lenses, resulting in large, bulky imaging systems that restrict their broader utility. The emergence of flat meta-optics offers a potential solution to these limitations, but existing research on compact integrated devices based on near-infrared meta-optics is insufficient.

CHOP-Mediated Disruption of Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Neuronal Activity Contributes to Chronic Pain-Related Cognitive Deficits.

Objectives: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced protein homeostasis perturbation is a core pathological element in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This study aims to clarify the unique role played by C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) as a biomarker of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the etiology of chronic pain and related cognitive impairments following chronic constrictive nerve injury (CCI).

Methods: The memory capability following CCI was assessed utilizing the Morris water maze (MWM) and fear conditioning test (FCT).

Hypoxia-responsive nanoparticles for fluorescence diagnosis and therapy of cancer.

Hypoxia, caused by rapid tumor growth and insufficient oxygen supply, is a defining characteristic of numerous solid tumors and exerts a significant influence on tumor growth, metastasis, and invasion. Early diagnosis and effective killing of tumor cells are crucial for cancer treatment. In recent years, the emergence of nanomaterials has overcome the difficulties in the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs and contrast agents to tumor area.

["Facilitate" or "Hinder"： Impact of Spatial Connectivity Networks in the Digital Economy on Carbon Performance].

This study took 254 cities in China from 2011 to 2021 as samples to empirically test how the spatial correlation network characteristics and node centrality of the urban digital economy affect carbon emission performance. The research showed that ① China's urban digital economy showed an obvious network development mode, but from the perspective of network node centrality, there were still significant spatial differences, showing the hierarchical distribution law of "eastern region-central and western region" and "four core urban agglomerations-four non-core urban agglomerations." ② A significant positive correlation was observed between the digital economy spatial correlation network and carbon emission performance.

Enhanced bone cement distribution in percutaneous vertebroplasty using a curved guide wire: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) severely affect the quality of life in the aged population. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) alleviates pain and stabilizes vertebrae, but suboptimal bone cement distribution can cause complications. Hence, this study aimed to clarify whether a new technique for PVP, using a curved guide wire, enhances the distribution of bone cement and improves clinical outcomes in patients with OVCF.

Near-infrared hemicyanine photosensitizer for targeted mitochondrial viscosity imaging and efficient photodynamic therapy.

As a severe threat to human health, cancer has always been one of the most significant challenges facing the medical field. However, there is currently no effective technology or method to diagnose and treat cancer simultaneously. Therefore, developing a new approach that integrates diagnosis and treatment holds promise as a means of achieving personalized and precise cancer therapy.

Application of Antioxidant Compounds in Bone Defect Repair.

Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection, and infections are significant clinical challenges. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) usually accumulate in the defect area, which may impair the function of cells involved in bone formation, posing a serious challenge for bone repair. Due to the potent ROS scavenging ability, as well as potential anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities, antioxidants play an indispensable role in the maintenance and protection of bone health and have gained increasing attention in recent years.

A Nomogram Including Sarcopenia for Predicting Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Localized Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Because of to the removal of subclassification of papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), the survival prognostification of localized pRCC after surgical treatment became inadequate. Sarcopenia was widely evaluated and proved to be a predictive factor for prognosis in RCC patients. Therefore, we comprehensively investigated the survival prediction of the body composition parameters for localized pRCC.

An explanation of the role of pyroptosis playing in epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a severe central nervous system disorder characterized by an imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition, resulting in heightened neuronal excitability, particularly within the hippocampus. About one-third of individuals with epilepsy experience difficult-to-manage seizures, known as refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy is closely linked to inflammatory immune response, with elevated levels of inflammatory mediators observed in individuals with this condition.

Preparation and evaluation of the PD0721‑DOX antibody‑drug conjugate targeting EGFRvIII to inhibit glioblastoma.

Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) is prominently expressed in various epithelial tumors. PD0721, a single-chain antibody (scFv), has been developed to specifically target EGFRvIII. Although doxorubicin (DOX) is an essential treatment approach for glioblastoma (GBM), its toxic effects and limited targeting capabilities are a challenge.

Arithmetic Optimization AOMDV Routing Protocol for FANETs.

Flying ad hoc networks (FANETs), composed of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), possess characteristics of flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and rapid deployment, rendering them highly attractive for a wide range of civilian and military applications. FANETs are special mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), FANETs have the characteristics of faster network topology changes and limited energy. Existing reactive routing protocols are unsuitable for the highly dynamic and limited energy of FANETs.

Evidence for adaptive myelination of subcortical shortcuts for visual motion perception in healthy adults.

Conscious visual motion information follows a cortical pathway from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and on to the primary visual cortex (V1) before arriving at the middle temporal visual area (MT/V5). Alternative subcortical pathways that bypass V1 are thought to convey unconscious visual information. One flows from the retina to the pulvinar (PUL) and on to medial temporal visual area (MT); while the other directly connects the LGN to MT.

Ultrasmall RuM (Mo, W, Cr) Decorated on Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanosheet with Strong Metal-support Interactions for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Generation in Wide pH Range.

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in full pH range can promote the practical applications of hydrogen energy. In this work, nitrogen doped carbon nanosheets supported RuM (Mo, W, Cr) (RuM/NCN) are prepared through an ultrafast microwave approach. The carbon nanosheet structure coupled with the ultrasmall RuM nanoparticles can expose rich active sites to optimize the catalytic activity.

Extensible carbon emission factor database: empirical study for the Chinese construction industry.

A carbon emission factor (CEF) database is required for the basis of carbon emission calculation in construction projects. However, the default values for existing CEF databases cannot cover the complex resources involved in a construction project. Therefore, this paper proposes a three-step method to guide the establishment of an extensible CEF database for the construction industry, including (1) data collection and parser, (2) data extension, and (3) data encoding and storage.

The Effect of Asymmetrical Occlusion on Surface Electromyographic Activity in Subjects with a Chewing Side Preference: A Preliminary Study.

The relationship between asymmetrical occlusion and surface electromyographic activity (sEMG) in people with different chewing preferences is not clear. In this study, the 5 s sEMG changes in the masseter muscle (MM), sternocleidomastoid (SCM), lateral (LGA), and medial (MGA) gastrocnemius muscles were recorded in controls, and subjects with chewing side preference (CSP) during clench with bilateral (BCR), left (LCR), and right (RCR) posterior teeth placement of cotton rolls. The images of the middle 3 s were selected and expressed as the root mean square (unit: μV/s).

Discovery of an OTUD3 inhibitor for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) controls protein turnover, and its dysfunction contributes to human diseases including cancer. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) remove ubiquitin from proteins to maintain their stability. Inhibition of DUBs could induce the degradation of selected oncoproteins and has therefore become a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer.

In situ synthesis of two-dimensional graphene-like nickel-molybdenum nitride as efficient electrocatalyst towards water-splitting under large-current density.

Transition metal nitride (TMNs) electrocatalysts have attracted tremendous attentions for their unique electron structure, high activity, and excellent stability. Herein, a two-dimensional (2D) graphene-like structured nickel-molybdenum nitride (Ni-MoN) on nickel foam (NF), is prepared via facile hydrothermal and following nitridation process. The as-prepared Ni-MoN-450 (pyrolysis at 450 °C) displays good hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances in alkaline media.

Nicking mechanism underlying the DNA phosphorothioate-sensing antiphage defense by SspE.

DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification, with a nonbridging phosphate oxygen substituted by sulfur, represents a widespread epigenetic marker in prokaryotes and provides protection against genetic parasites. In the PT-based defense system Ssp, SspABCD confers a single-stranded PT modification of host DNA in the 5'-CCA-3' motif and SspE impedes phage propagation. SspE relies on PT modification in host DNA to exert antiphage activity.

C-phycocyanin alleviated cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and inflammation gut microbiota-metabolites axis in mice.

C-phycocyanin is a natural protein extracted from . We aim to investigate the preventive effect of C-phycocyanin on cisplatin chemotherapy-induced oxidative damage and inflammation. The result showed that C-phycocyanin treatment reduced cisplatin-induced mortality and inflammation including decreased levels of serum IL6, kidney MCP1, and liver IL1β.

Alginate Oligosaccharide Alleviated Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Oxidative Stress Genus-FAHFAs-Nrf2 Axis in Mice.

Alginate oligosaccharide is the depolymerized product of alginate, a natural extract of brown algae, which is associated with beneficial health effects. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanism which alginate oligosaccharides improve kidney oxidative damage and liver inflammation induced by cisplatin chemotherapy the gut microbiota. C57BL/6J mice were treated with cisplatin were administered alginate oligosaccharide gavage for 3 weeks.