Construction of Fully Conjugated Covalent Organic Frameworks via Facile Linkage Conversion for Efficient Photoenzymatic Catalysis.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with improved stability and extended π-conjugation structure are highly desirable. Here, two imine-linked COFs were converted into ultrastable and π-conjugated fused-aromatic thieno[3,2-]pyridine-linked COFs ( and ). The successful conversion was confirmed by infrared and solid-state C NMR spectroscopies.

Interfacial synthesis of crystalline two-dimensional cyano-graphdiyne.

A well-defined crystalline cyano-functionalized graphdiyne (CN-GDY) is synthesized at a liquid/liquid interface through alkyne-alkyne coupling reactions. The configurations and nanostructures of CN-GDY were well characterized by TEM, SEM, AFM, XPS, and Raman spectroscopy. HR-TEM and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) in combination with structure simulation firmly revealed a 9-fold stacking mode for CN-GDY.

Layered-Perovskite Nanowires with Long-Range Orientational Order for Ultrasensitive Photodetectors.

2D layered metal-halide perovskites combine efficient exciton radiative recombination in crystal interior with long-distance free-carrier conduction at layer edges, which are promising candidates for realizing high-performance photovoltaic, light-emission and photodetection devices. The anisotropic electrical conductivity in layered perovskites imposes an additional requirement of orientational control for enabling favorable charge transport. However, rational fabrication of single-crystalline nanostructures with pure crystallographic orientation is still elusive.

Efficient Intersystem Crossing in the Tröger's Base Derived From 4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide and Application as a Potent Photodynamic Therapy Reagent.

Intersystem crossing (ISC) was observed for naphthalimide (NI)-derived Tröger's base, and the ISC was confirmed to occur by a spin-orbital charge-transfer (SOCT) mechanism. Conventional electron donor/acceptor dyads showing SOCT-ISC have semirigid linkers. In contrast, the linker between the two chromophores in Tröger's base is rigid and torsion is completely inhibited, which is beneficial for efficient SOCT-ISC.

Complete Sequence of the 22q11.2 Allele in 1,053 Subjects with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Reveals Modifiers of Conotruncal Heart Defects.

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) results from non-allelic homologous recombination between low-copy repeats termed LCR22.

Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Generated by BAFF Silencing Ameliorate Collagen-Induced Arthritis by Modulating the Th17/Regulatory T Cell Balance.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) have received much attention because of their capacity to restore immune homeostasis. RNA interference techniques have been used in several studies to generate tolDCs by inactivating certain molecules that regulate DC maturation and immunologic function. BAFF is a key B cell survival factor that is not only essential for B cell function but also T cell costimulation, and DCs are the major source of BAFF.

GRK2 Mediated Abnormal Transduction of PGE2-EP4-cAMP-CREB Signaling Induces the Imbalance of Macrophages Polarization in Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mice.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by the massive infiltration of various chronic inflammatory cells in synovia. In synovial fluid of patients with RA, M1 macrophages are dominant among all subtypes of macrophages, the mechanisms of macrophages polarization imbalance in RA has not been fully illuminated. The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) augments M2 polarization in part via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-cyclic AMP responsive element binding (CREB) signaling.

RPS24c Isoform Facilitates Tumor Angiogenesis Promoting the Stability of MVIH in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and distant metastasis is responsible for the poor prognosis in patients with advanced-stage CRC. RPS24 (ribosomal protein S24) as a ribosomal protein, multiple transcript variant encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Our previous studies have demonstrated that RPS24 is overexpressed in CRC.

Supramolecular Nanodiscs Self-Assembled from Non-Ionic Heptamethine Cyanine for Imaging-Guided Cancer Photothermal Therapy.

Supramolecular nanomedicines, which use supramolecular design to improve the precision and effectiveness of pharmaceutical practice and optimize pharmacokinetic profiles, have gathered momentum to battle cancer and other incurable diseases, for which traditional small-molecular and macromolecular drugs are less effective. However, the lack of clinical approval of supramolecular assembly-based medicine underscores the challenges facing this field. A 2D nanodisc-based supramolecular structure is formed by a non-ionic heptamethine cyanine (Cy7) dye, which generates fluorescence self-quenching but unique photothermal and photoacoustic properties.

Structural characterization and induced copper stress resistance in rice of exopolysaccharides from Lactobacillus plantarum LPC-1.

Excessive accumulation of copper could decrease growth and quality of crops, and little information was currently available on the role of exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Lactobacillus plantarum in inducing copper stress resistance in plants. The main objective of this work was to purify and characterize the EPS produced by our isolated L. plantarum LPC-1, and evaluate its potential protection for rice against copper stress.

Regulating the Spin State of Fe by Atomically Anchoring on Ultrathin Titanium Dioxide for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Ferric oxides and (oxy)hydroxides, although plentiful and low-cost, are rarely considered for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) owing to the too high spin state (e filling ca. 2.0) suppressing the bonding strength with reaction intermediates.

Sulfur-rich Graphdiyne-Containing Electrochemical Active Tetrathiafulvalene for Highly Efficient Lithium Storage Application.

A sulfur-rich graphdiyne (TTF-GDY) material containing electrochemically active unit of tetrathiafulvalene was successfully synthesized at the liquid/liquid interface under mild conditions. The extended two-dimensional (2D) π-conjugated framework contains large in-plane cavities to accommodate defined sulfur elements and precise sulfur content. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterizations demonstrated that the TTF-GDY adopted the layered structures.

Sulfur-substituted perylene diimides: efficient tuning of LUMO levels and visible-light absorption via sulfur redox.

A series of sulfide and sulfone substituted perylene diimides (PDIs) with different LUMO levels covering a range of 0.72 eV were synthesized through simple sulfur redox chemistry. The LUMO level of phenylsulfone substituted PDI reached a record-breaking -4.

Microporous Metal-Organic Frameworks with Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Pores for Efficient Separation of CH/N Mixture.

Highly selective removal of N from unconventional natural gas is considered as a viable way to increase the heat value of CH and reduce the greenhouse effect caused by the direct emission of CH/N mixture. In this work, a three-dimensional Cu-MOF with two different types of micropores was synthesized, exhibiting a high selectivity for CH/N (10.00-12.

Graphdiyne-Based Materials: Preparation and Application for Electrochemical Energy Storage.

Graphdiyne (GDY) has drawn much attention for its 2D chemical structure, extraordinary intrinsic properties, and wide application potential in a variety of research fields. In particular, some structural features and basic physical properties including expanded in-plane pores, regular nanostructuring, and good transporting properties make GDY a promising candidate for an electrode material in energy-storage devices, including batteries and supercapacitors. The chemical structure, synthetic strategy, basic chemical-physical properties of GDY, and related theoretical analysis on its energy-storage mechanism are summarized here.

Fluorographdiyne: A Metal-Free Catalyst for Applications in Water Reduction and Oxidation.

A highly efficient bifunctional metal-free catalyst was prepared by growth of three-dimensional porous fluorographdiyne networks on carbon cloth (p-FGDY/CC). Our experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the 3D p-FGDY/CC network is highly active and it is a high potential metal-free catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as well as overall water splitting (OWS) under both acidic and alkaline conditions. The experimental and theoretical results show very good consistency; for example, in the HER process, p-FGDY/CC exhibits small overpotentials of 82 and 92 mV to achieve 10 mA cm under alkaline and acidic conditions, respectively.

Untwisted restacking of two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets for highly selective isomer separations.

The stacking between nanosheets is an intriguing and inevitable phenomenon in the chemistry of nano-interfaces. Two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets are an emerging type of nanosheets with ultrathin and porous features, which have high potential in separation applications. Here, the stacking between single-layer metal-organic framework nanosheets is revealed to show three representative conformations with tilted angles of 8°, 14°, and 30° for Zr-1, 3, 5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-benzene framework as an example.

Rationally engineered active sites for efficient and durable hydrogen generation.

The atomic-level understanding of the electrocatalytic activity is pivotal for developing new metal-free carbon electrocatalysts towards efficient renewable energy conversion. Here, by utilizing the amidated-carbon fibers, we demonstrate a rational surface modulation strategy on both structural and electronic properties, which will significantly boost the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of electrocatalysts. Theoretical calculations reveal the amidation decorated surface will promote significantly more 2D electrons towards the localization at the C=O branch.

Investigation of coal and gas outburst risk by microseismic monitoring.

In order to improve the monitoring and prediction of coal and gas outburst, this paper proposes a new method for dynamic regional prediction of coal and gas outburst using microseismic (MS) monitoring. The theoretical basis of this method is presented. An index evaluation system was established and applied, based on which field tests were carried out in a coal mine.

[Cultivation, screening, identification and transplantation of Muse cell from human umbilical cord-derived for spinal cord injury in rats].

Objective: To investigate multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring (Muse) by immunomagnetic bead screening from Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells(WJ-MSCs), and explore transplantation of Muse cell for safety and effectivensess of sub acute cord injury in rats.

Methods: Donated Wharton's Jelly-mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) were successfully derived from a human umbilical cord by a series of procedures namely physical isolation of Wharton's Jelly from cord membrane, collagenase and trypsin treatment and density gradient centrifugation. Magnetic activated cell sorting was performed to specifically select SSEA3+ Muse cells, and flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry were used to identify further.

Four novel biomarkers for bladder cancer identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis.

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most malignancies in terms of incidence and recurrence worldwide. The aim of this study is to find out novel and prognostic biomarkers for patients with BC. First, we identified 258 differentially expressed genes by using GSE19915 from Gene Expression Omnibus database.