RMRP-Induced Chemo-Resistance in Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia via Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Purpose: Relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) has a poor prognosis due to chemotherapy resistance. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to this resistance, but the role of the RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP) in R/R AML remains unclear.

Materials And Methods: Mass spectrometry identified molecules linked to chemoresistance in AML.

Super-compressible aramid fiber-reinforced carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane foams with high frequency tunable microwave attenuation and adjustable mechanical properties.

Light-weight yet mechanically robust materials remain a challenge for applications under extreme conditions. Traditional foams often suffer from either poor structural stability or low service temperature, which limit their application in extreme environments. In this work, we developed super-compressible aramid fiber (AF)-reinforced carbon nanotube (CNT)/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foams to address these issues.

Oral olsalazine/ellagic acid/ZnCl-modified in situ-forming hydrogels alleviates anxiety/depression-like symptoms and brain neural activity in colitis mice.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a kind of chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory disease, which accompanied by various abnormal psychological states, such as anxiety and depression. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of IBD with depression is still unclear. Herein, we synthesized an enable a drinkable, liquid in situ-forming hydrogel, which form directly in the stomach through sequential ingestion of a crosslinker solution of CaCl and ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PL), followed by a drug-containing polymer solution of sodium alginate (SA).

Three-Dimensional-Printed Gelatin Methacryloyl Scaffold Loaded with Extracellular Vesicles Derived from HS Preconditioned Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promotes Neuronal Regeneration in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury.

Background: spinal cord injury (SCI) causes irreversible motor and sensory deficits with limited effective treatments. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exert therapeutic effects largely through extracellular vesicles (EVs). Preconditioning MSCs with a hydrogen sulfide (HS) donor enhance the therapeutic potential of EVs.

Variants Increased Relapse Risk in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

: The role of gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of mutations on relapse risk, cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), relapse-free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS) in adult AML patients, with a particular focus on those with fusion. : the retrospective analysis was conducted on 1970 adult AML patients treated at Peking University People's Hospital.

Age-dependent effects of HS on post-traumatic stress disorder in adolescent and adult mice.

Background: Among people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there is an increased prevalence of age-related diseases. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain incompletely understood.

Methods: The expression of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), one of the main enzymes for endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) production in the brain, is age-dependent.

Interferon-dependent R-loop induction by Zika virus contributes to growth attenuation.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in human neural progenitors triggers DNA damage and activates DNA damage response, leading to cell cycle arrest that can retard brain development. Here, we link the ZIKV-induced S phase arrest to replication fork stalling and R-loop induction. DRIP-seq reveals that ZIKV infection induces R loops at specific loci strongly enriched in the interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes (ISGs).

Exploring the Interplay between Mitochondrial DNA and Lifestyle Factors in the Pathogenesis of Psychiatric Disorders.

The objectives of this study were to investigate the interaction of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and lifestyle factors in the development of psychiatric disorders and to gain greater insight into their pathogenesis and comorbidity. We analyzed data from approximately 150,000 individuals from the UK Biobank. Mitochondrial gene-by-environment interaction studies (mtGEIS) were performed to assess the relationships between mtDNA and psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and self-harm.

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Loaded with MiR-100-5p Antagonist Selectively Target the Lesioned Region to Promote Recovery from Brain Damage.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain damage poses a high risk of death or lifelong disability, yet effective treatments remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that miR-100-5p levels in the lesioned cortex increased after HI insult in neonatal mice. Knockdown of miR-100-5p expression in the brain attenuated brain injury and promoted functional recovery, through inhibiting the cleaved-caspase-3 level, microglia activation, and the release of proinflammation cytokines following HI injury.

Liposome-loaded miR-34c-5p attenuates apoptosis and oxidative stress following hypoxia-ischemia brain damage in neonatal mice by targeting Arhgap26.

Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) brain injury is considered a major cause of neonatal mortality and chronic disease morbidity worldwide. Despite its clinical importance, therapeutic options for HI injury remain limited. Here we demonstrated that miR-34c-5p expression peaks at postnatal day 10 in mice.

Aberrant neuronal excitation promotes neuroinflammation in the primary motor cortex of ischemic stroke mice.

Current treatments for ischemic stroke aim to achieve rapid reperfusion with intravenous thrombolysis and/or endovascular thrombectomy, which have proven to attenuate disability. Despite the significant progress in reperfusion therapies, functional recovery remains inconsistent, primarily due to ongoing neuronal excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. In this study we investigated the relationship between neuronal activity and neuroinflammation in an ischemic mouse model using chemogenetic techniques.

Vehicle trajectory fractal theory for macro-level highway crash rate analysis.

Vehicle trajectory data can reveal actual driving behavior patterns reflected by different road geometric designs, providing important insights for road safety analysis and improvements. This study aims to is to explore the correlation between vehicle trajectory fractal dimension (FD) and highway crash rate (CR) using large-scale telematics trajectory data. Specifically, we propose three methods to measure the FD of vehicle trajectories, and developed fractal parameter estimation technology.

Associations between environmental air pollution, greenspace and apparent biological aging: a cross-sectional study.

Aging is a driving factor of various non-communicable diseases. Air pollution and greenspace also affect human health to varying degrees. However, the relationship between air pollution, green space and aging has not been clearly studied.

PLGA nanoparticles encapsulating TSHR-A and rapamycin enhance the induction of dendritic cell-specific immune tolerance in mice with Graves' disease.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells with multifaceted functions in controlling immune activation and tolerance. Graves' disease, particularly Graves' ophthalmopathy, is recognized as a refractory autoimmune thyroid disease. Therefore, DC-targeted therapies aimed at inducing specific immune tolerance are important for the treatment of Graves' disease.

Large-scale screens identify a 19-Gene MitoScore for improved risk assessment in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: AML exhibits substantial molecular and genetic heterogeneity. Therefore, identifying key biological processes and related genes involved in the pathogenesis, as well as contributing to therapeutic resistance, is imperative for enhancing clinical outcomes. However, the assessment of mitochondrial function in AML has gradually been acknowledged but has not been widely emphasized.

Liposomes-Loaded miR-9-5p Alleviated Hypoxia-Ischemia-Induced Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress by Targeting ZBTB20 to Inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 Interaction in Neonatal Mice.

Hypoxia ischemia (HI) is a leading cause of cerebral palsy and long-term neurological sequelae in infants. Given that mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons contributes to HI brain damage, this study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of miR-9-5p in mitochondrial function following HI injury. Overexpression of miR-9-5p in HI mice or HO-exposed PC12 cells suppressed neuronal injury, associated with increased mitochondrial copy number, normalizing mitochondrial membrane potential, improved nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, and downregulation of Keap1.

Multi-Physical Lattice Metamaterials Enabled by Additive Manufacturing: Design Principles, Interaction Mechanisms, and Multifunctional Applications.

Lattice metamaterials emerge as advanced architected materials with superior physical properties and significant potential for lightweight applications. Recent developments in additive manufacturing (AM) techniques facilitate the manufacturing of lattice metamaterials with intricate microarchitectures and promote their applications in multi-physical scenarios. Previous reviews on lattice metamaterials have largely focused on a specific/single physical field, with limited discussion on their multi-physical properties, interaction mechanisms, and multifunctional applications.

Analysis of Exosomal miRNA and Hepatic mRNA Expression in the Dysregulation of Insulin Action in Perimenopausal Mice.

The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of perimenopause on insulin resistance. Specifically, insulin sensitivity was assessed in a perimenopausal mouse model treated with 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), together with the changes in exosomal miRNA and hepatic mRNA expression profiles. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was utilized to assess the status of insulin resistance, and insulin action was evaluated during menopausal transition.

Improved Risk Prediction of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease Using an Amino Acid-Assisted Model.

Patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) are at an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), particularly among older individuals. Developing a reliable model to predict AMI occurrence in these patients holds the potential to expedite early diagnosis and intervention. This study is aimed at establishing a circulating amino acid-assisted model, incorporating amino acid profiles alongside clinical variables, to predict AMI risk.

Xinkeshu formula restrains pathological cardiac hypertrophy through metabolic remodeling via AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Background: Xinkeshu (XKS) formula is a patented traditional Chinese medicine used to treat cardiovascular diseases for decades. However, little is known about its potential influence on heart metabolism under pathological conditions.

Purpose: This study sought to explore the potential role of XKS in pathological cardiac hypertrophy, with a focus on metabolic remolding.

A prospective study of associations between accelerated biological aging and twenty musculoskeletal disorders.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders pose major public health challenges, and accelerated biological aging may increase their risk. This study investigates the association between biological aging and musculoskeletal disorders, with a focus on sex-related differences.

Methods: We analyzed data from 172,332 UK Biobank participants (mean age of 56.

The effect of problem-based learning on improving problem-solving, self-directed learning, and critical thinking ability for the pharmacy students: A randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of PBL on problem-solving, self-directed learning, and critical thinking ability of pharmaceutical students through a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and meta-analysis of RCTs.

Methods: In 2021, 57 third-year pharmacy students from China Pharmaceutical University were randomly divided into a PBL group and a lecture-based learning (LBL) group. Mean scores were compared between the two groups for problem-solving, self-directed learning, communication skills, critical thinking, and final exam grades.

Occurrence and Distribution of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Tap Water System-Implications for Human Exposure from Shanghai, China.

Background: The pollution of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) is of global concern, but the site-specific data of OPFR concentrations in drinking water are scarce for many areas of the world outside of Europe and the US. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and profiles of OPFRs in the tap water treatment and delivery process in Shanghai.

Methods: In total, 106 samples were analyzed for 10 OPFRs, which were collected periodically from monitoring points of drinking water treatment plants and piped water between November 2021 and July 2023.

HS improves hippocampal synaptic plasticity in SPS rats via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe mental illness that could impose heavy burdens on individuals and society, but effective and precise treatment modalities are unknown. The level of hydrogen sulfide (HS) in the brain plays an important role in psychiatric diseases. However, it is still unclear whether PTSD exposure could affect the level of HS and whether there is a correlation between HS levels and the pathogenesis of PTSD.