Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Rare Mutations and Transmission in New York City by NGS.

SARS-CoV-2 undergoes frequent mutations that drive viral evolution and genomic diversity, influencing transmissibility, immune escape, and disease severity. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 isolates from patients in New York City and identified several globally rare mutations across multiple viral lineages. The isolates analyzed for rare mutations belonged to three lineages: B.

Machine learning based differential diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome and secondary bone tumors using whole body bone scintigraphy.

SAPHO syndrome is an inflammatory disorder with bone and cutaneous manifestations, for which whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBBS) is frequently used in diagnosis. The WBBS findings of SAPHO syndromes and secondary bone tumors (SBT) have overlapping features, posing diagnostic challenges. In this multicenter study, we aim to identify different bone and joint involvement patterns between the two disease entities through multiple methods to build machine-learning models and explore interpretable variables.

C-H Activation of Pyridines by Boryl Pincer Complexes: Elucidation of Boryl-Directed C-H Oxidative Addition to Ir and Discovery of Transition Metal-Assisted Reductive Elimination from Boron at Rh.

Experimental and theoretical techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of pyridine C-H activation by diarylboryl/bis(phosphine) PBP pincer complexes of Ir. The critical intermediate (PBP)IrCO () contains a three-coordinate, Ir-bound boron that retains Lewis acidity in the perpendicular direction. Coordination of pyridine to this boron center in leads to fast insertion of Ir into the 2-CH bond of pyridine, providing a different topology of direction than the conventional directed C-H activation where both the directing group coordination and C-H activation happen at the same metal center.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Exogenous Selenium in Alleviating Cadmium Stress in Purple Flowering Stalks ( var. ).

In China, cadmium (Cd) stress has a significant role in limiting the development and productivity of purple flowering stalks ( var. ). Exogenous selenium supplementation has been demonstrated in earlier research to mitigate the effects of Cd stress in a range of plant species; nevertheless, the physiological and molecular processes by which exogenous selenium increases vegetable shoots' resistance to Cd stress remain unclear.

CCL26 in primary biliary cholangitis - Is it a novel disease mediator?

Aim: To verify the role of CX3C chemokine ligand 1 - CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CL1-CX3CR1) pathway in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). To explore whether CCL26, a novel functional ligand to CX3CR1, participates in the immunological mechanism of PBC.

Methods: Fifty-nine PBC patients and 54 healthy controls were recruited.

Global competence of medical students: An assessment scale and preliminary investigation in China.

Introduction: The importance of global competence has been acknowledged in medical care as well as medical education. This study aims to develop a scale assessing the global competence of medical students, determine the factor structure and internal consistency of the scale and explore the underlying factors influencing the global competence of Chinese medical students in 8-year programs.

Methods: A questionnaire (Global Competence Assessment Scale for Medical Students, MS-GCAS) was developed, and a cross-sectional multicenter survey was conducted in 1062 medical students from 10 medical schools in China.

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis syndrome with mandibular involvement: Would surgical operation help?

Background: Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare autoinflammatory disease; its primary manifestation includes osteoarthropathy with skin involvement. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, were used for rheumatoid arthritis; however, due to its downregulation of immune cytokines including interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, it might be effective for SAPHO patients.

Case Summary: We report the 1st case of mandibular-related SAPHO syndrome treated with tofacitinib.

The Relative Contribution of Climatic, Demographic Factors, Disease Control Measures and Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity to Variation of Global COVID-19 Transmission.

Despite a substantial number of COVID-19 related research papers published, it remains unclear as to which factors are associated with the observed variation in global transmission and what are their relative levels of importance. This study applies a rigorous statistical framework to provide robust estimations of the factor effects for a global and integrated perspective on this issue. We developed a mixed effect model exploring the relative importance of potential factors driving COVID-19 transmission while incorporating spatial and temporal heterogeneity of spread.

Correction: Cooperative C-H activation of pyridine by PBP complexes of Rh and Ir can lead to bridging 2-pyridyls with different connectivity to the B-M unit.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D1SC01850G.].

Social Distancing in Tourism Destination Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: A Moderated Mediation Model.

While protective measures in response to infectious diseases may reduce the freedom of tourists (regarding their behaviors), few studies have documented the effects of destination protective measures on the self-protective behaviors of tourists. By applying the protection motivation theory, this study examines the effects of perceived destination protective supports on the social distancing intentions of tourists during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results reveal significant relationships among perceived destination support, coping appraisal, threat appraisal, and the social distancing intentions of tourists.

Cooperative C-H activation of pyridine by PBP complexes of Rh and Ir can lead to bridging 2-pyridyls with different connectivity to the B-M unit.

Pyridine and quinoline undergo selective C-H activation in the 2-position with Rh and Ir complexes of a boryl/bis(phosphine) PBP pincer ligand, resulting in a 2-pyridyl bridging the transition metal and the boron center. Examination of this reactivity with Rh and Ir complexes carrying different non-pincer ligands on the transition metal led to the realization of the possible isomerism derived from the 2-pyridyl fragment connecting either B-N/C-M bonds or B-C/N-M bonds. This M-C/M-N isomerism was systematically examined for four structural types.

Nonenhanced Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients With Amyloid Light-Chain Amyloidosis.

Background: Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) is an emerging metabolic MRI technique to map creatine distribution in the myocardium.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of using a contrast-free CEST technique to evaluate cardiac involvement in amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis.

Study Type: Prospective.

Reversible addition of ethylene to a pincer-based boryl-iridium unit with the formation of a bridging ethylidene.

This report examines reactions of a series of Ir complexes supported by the diarylboryl/bis(phosphine) PBP pincer ligand with ethylene: (PBP)IrH (), (PBP)IrH(CO) (), and (PBP)Ir(CO) (). The outcomes of these reactions differ from those typical for Ir complexes supported by other pincer ligands and do not give rise to simple ethylene adducts or products of insertion of Ir into the C-H bond of ethylene. Instead, the elements of ethylene are incorporated into the molecules to result in B-C bonds.

Tonsillitis as a possible predisposition to synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.

Aim: To present the prevalence of tonsillitis in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) patients, to compare the clinical characteristics and disease activities between SAPHO patients with and without tonsillitis and to preliminarily explore the efficacy of tonsillectomy in SAPHO syndrome.

Method: A total of 58 SAPHO patients were included. Clinical data were collected, including demographic characteristics and acute phase reactants (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein).

Disease activity in patients with synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome: the utility of the SPARCC MRI scoring system for assessment of axial spine involvement.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between spinal MRI findings with disease activity and other clinical and serological parameters, and to determine the importance of MRI scoring system in evaluating disease activity of SAPHO syndrome.

Methods: Thirty patients with SAPHO syndrome underwent clinical, laboratory and MRI evaluation at baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. Magnetic resonance images were analysed using modified Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) scoring system.

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. in the treatment of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis syndrome: a clinical trial.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. (TwHF) in the treatment of osteoarticular lesions in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome.

Methods: Eligible SAPHO patients were recruited to this single-center trial to receive 12-week TwHF treatment.

Reversibility of Cardiac Involvement in Acromegaly Patients After Surgery: 12-Month Follow-up Using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance.

Purpose: Cardiac comorbidity is one of the leading causes of death among acromegaly patients. We aimed to investigate the reversibility of acromegalic cardiac involvement after surgical treatment using the gold standard method, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and to explore the effects of endocrine remission and gender on reversibility.

Methods: In this single-center, prospective cohort study, fifty untreated acromegaly patients were enrolled.

Mandibular involvement in SAPHO syndrome: a retrospective study.

Background: Mandible osteomyelitis can occur in synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome, a rare chronic inflammatory disease; however, few studies have explored its characteristics and management.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of consecutive SAPHO patients with mandible involvement diagnosed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2014 to July 2019. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected at baseline.