AIM2-Silenced Dendritic Cells Possess Immunosuppressive Phenotype and Prolong Allograft Survival by Modulating the Th1/Th17/Treg Balance.

Dendritic cells (DCs) serve a pivotal and diverse role in the modulation of transplant immunity, wherein alterations in their maturation state influence the balance between promoting immunotolerance and exacerbating inflammatory responses. Recent studies have revealed a spectrum of novel mechanisms through which absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) regulates the functions of immune cells. However, the impact of AIM2 on the regulatory functions of dendritic cells in alloimmunity has not been thoroughly investigated.

Influence of Glutinous Rice Raw Material Characteristics on the Aroma Profile of Rice Wine.

Rice wine is a beverage rich in flavor, but the flavor difference caused by rice raw materials has received little attention. To determine the key aroma compounds in rice wine, four types of samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O), and sensory evaluation. Thirty-eight aroma compounds were detected in the experiment, thirteen of which were identified and quantified using the internal standard method.

One-Pot Rlock-Mediated CRISPR/Cas12a-Driven RCA Cycle for Rapid and High-Sensitive APE1 Detection.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a key enzyme involved in DNA repair and cellular redox regulation, and is frequently overexpressed in tumor cells. This highlights the urgent need for a rapid and high-sensitive point-of-care testing (POCT) strategy for APE1 to facilitate early cancer diagnosis. Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a widely used isothermal DNA amplification method; however, its application in APE1 detection remains rare.

Dual-mode fluorescence and colorimetric bimodal sensing of Baijiu based on the peroxidase activity of CDs@MOF.

Baijiu represents the pinnacle of traditional Chinese culinary culture. The role of Baijiu in rituals, banquets, dishes, healthcare, and numerous other areas is evident in various literary works. The reduction of redox-active compounds (, phenols and organic acids) critically modulates the flavor complexity, aroma evolution, and overall quality of Baijiu.

Association of oxidative stress biomarkers with primary congenital glaucoma.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between oxidative stress biomarkers and primary congenital glaucoma (PCG).

Methods: This case-control study included 40 PCG patients and 38 matched controls. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels were measured, along with eye and body exams.

An Ultrasensitive Four-Response Ratiometric Electrochemical Homogeneous Biosensor Based on a Positive MOF Biomaterial for Direct Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Types in Human Serum.

Continued development of high-performance, low-cost, in vitro diagnostic tools is critical for cancer diagnosis and therapeutic prognosis. Herein, we propose a four-response ratiometric electrochemical homogeneous biosensor based on positive MOF biomaterial for detection of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and cell proliferation index (Ki67) protein biomarkers, and for simultaneous diagnosis of 10 types of breast cancer directly in human serum using a single electrode within one system. The principle of this specific four-response ratiometric electrochemical biosensor relied on neutral red (NR), tolonium blue (TB), tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), and malachite green (MG) loaded on the surface of UiO-66-NH.

PACAP inhibits high fat-induced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in vascular endothelial cells by regulating the SIRT1/ROS pathway.

High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity leads endothelial dysfunction and contributes to cardiovascular diseases. NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis plays a key role in endothelial injury induced by HFD. Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide belonging to the secretin family, has demonstrated diverse beneficial effects.

Organic oxidation-assisted hydrogen production: glycerol electroreforming to formate on nickel diselenide nanoparticles.

The energy efficiency of water electrolysis is limited by the sluggish kinetics of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which simultaneously produces a low-value product, oxygen. A promising strategy to address this challenge is to replace OER with a more favorable oxidation reaction that yields a valuable co-product. In this study, we investigate the electrochemical reforming of glycerol in alkaline media to simultaneously produce hydrogen at a Pt cathode and formate at a NiSe₂ anode.

Postoperative adjuvant immunotherapy versus standard of care in resectable locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with intermediate- and high-risk factors: a real-world retrospective study.

Purpose: Improving the prognosis of patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC) who have intermediate- and high-risk factors has long been a priority for head and neck surgeons. This study aims to evaluate programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors administered as maintenance monotherapy after standard of care in patients with postoperative intermediate- and high-risk LA-HNSCC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 47 postoperative intermediate- and high-risk patients with LA-HNSCC who underwent operative interventions between 2016 and 2022.

Charging the Future with Pioneering MXenes: Scalable 2D Materials for Next-Generation Batteries.

MXenes, a family of two-dimensional carbide and nitride nanomaterials, have demonstrated significant promise across various technological domains, particularly in energy storage applications. This review critically examines scalable synthesis techniques for MXenes and their potential integration into next-generation rechargeable battery systems. We highlight both top-down and emerging bottom-up approaches, exploring their respective efficiencies, environmental impacts, and industrial feasibility.

The human touch in AI: optimizing language learning through self-determination theory and teacher scaffolding.

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming language education, yet its long-term impact on motivation and proficiency, particularly how AI-driven gamification and teacher scaffolding interact in culturally distinct EFL contexts, remains underexplored. This study investigates the sustained influence of AI-powered language games on Chinese EFL learners' motivation, engagement, and English proficiency.

Methods: This mixed-methods, longitudinal quasi-experimental study involved 150 intermediate Chinese EFL learners across three universities.

Synergistic association of estradiol and body roundness index with accelerated biological aging in male individuals.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of estradiol or body roundness index (BRI), respectively, or the coexistence of their changes with accelerated biological aging in male individuals.

Methods: A cross-sectional study with 1818 male individuals aged 20 to 79 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016 was conducted, in which positive phenotypic age acceleration value was defined as the occurrence of accelerated biological aging. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models were established to evaluate the independent and joint associations of estradiol and BRI with male accelerated biological aging.

Nanozyme and dye-driven paper-based sensor array: A novel convenient solution for crude baijiu quality discrimination.

The quality of crude baijiu significantly influences the flavor and overall quality of the final product. Herein, we developed a novel three-channel colorimetric sensor array integrating methylene blue, Rhodamine B, and methyl orange with reactive radicals (SO₄•) generated via a CoCu@g-C₃N₄/PMS system. The sensor accurately discriminated eight reducing substances through PCA, LDA, and HCA.

Multi-omics analysis revealed the therapeutic mechanisms of Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) water extract against ischemia-induced bladder overactivity through the inhibition of epoxide hydrolase 2.

The potential effects of Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen in Chinese) water extract (GWE) on overactive bladder (OAB) were previously demonstrated through ex vivo examination of detrusor contraction. However, the mechanisms were not fully understood. The current aim was to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of GWE against OAB in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with bladder ischemia.

Associations between four insulin resistance (IR) surrogates and the risk of small cell lung cancer (SCLC).

Insulin resistance (IR) has been shown to be correlated with increased cancer risk. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the relationship between IR and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, TyG index with body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and metabolic score for IR (METS-IR) are recognized as reliable indicators for evaluating IR.

YY1 enhances HIF-1α stability in tumor-associated macrophages to suppress anti-tumor immunity of prostate cancer in mice.

Immune checkpoint therapy for prostate cancer (PCa), a classic 'immune-cold' tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, failed previously in clinical trials, but the underlying causes remain elusive. Here we find that YY1, immunosuppressive macrophages aggregate in the hypoxic areas of PCa. Mechanistically, hypoxia promotes the phase separation of YY1 in the nucleus, where YY1 binds to NUSAP1 and promotes the SUMOylation, phase separation and stabilization of HIF-1α.

Favorable impact of zanubrutinib combined with R-CHOP regimen in MYD88-mutated new-diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a retrospective study with propensity score-matched analysis.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous disease, with MYD88 mutations associated with poor outcomes. Enhancing standard rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) therapy with targeted agents such as zanubrutinib, a selective Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, may improve patient prognosis. This retrospective study evaluated patients with MYD88-mutated DLBCL treated with zanubrutinib plus R-CHOP (ZR-CHOP).

Association between residential proximity to major roadways and nonfatal cardiovascular disease in Chinese older adults: a nationwide study.

The established association between residential proximity to major roadways and some negative health outcomes has been unequivocally substantiated. However, there is limited evidence regarding the association between residential proximity to major roadways and nonfatal cardiovascular disease (CVD). The research utilized an array of data sourced from the 2018 Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey.

Caveolin-1-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption via MMP2/9 Contributes to Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent complication following major surgery, particularly in older adults, and is associated with increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and reduced quality of life. Although blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption has been implicated in POCD pathogenesis, the molecular mechanisms remain poorly defined. In this study, we identify Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a membrane scaffolding protein highly expressed in endothelial cells (ECs), as a key regulator of BBB integrity and cognitive function following surgical trauma.

Investigation on the influence of airflow on the acoustic performance of a single-Cylinder diesel engine exhaust muffler.

The airflow in the exhaust muffler can affect the sound propagation characteristics. In this work, For a single-cylinder diesel engine, an experimental bench was set up, and the accuracy of the simulation model was verified through the mutual comparison between the experimental data and the simulation results. the transmission loss of exhaust muffler of a single-cylinder diesel engine is analyzed numerically.

Unraveling human crowd dynamics through the foot tracking of pedestrians.

Movement of pedestrian crowds is ubiquitous in human society. However, it is unclear what dynamical regimes pedestrian crowds can exhibit at different crowd densities, how pedestrians move in these different dynamical regimes, and in which dynamical regime the movement synchronization of pedestrians is most likely to occur. Here, we conducted a unidirectional crowd movement experiment, in which we tracked the movement of pedestrian crowds through foot tracking.

Continuous remission of single-mode therapy with pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy in locally advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a case report.

Hypopharyngeal carcinoma, one of the common malignant tumors of the head and neck, is associated with high tumor aggressiveness, early cervical lymph node metastasis, and a poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has been gradually introduced to treat locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC), including hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Despite survival benefit advantages, there is no consensus on the treatment mode after neoadjuvant immunotherapy, especially for patients achieving a complete response (CR).

Ischemia-free liver transplantation improves long-term outcomes in a 5-year follow-up study.

Background & Aims: Ischemia-free liver transplantation (IFLT) is a novel technique designed to avoid ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Here, we report the first detailed 5-year follow-up outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study comparing long-term outcomes between IFLT and conventional liver transplantation (CLT) recipients of livers donated after brain death (DBD).