Anticonvulsant effect of Stachydrine on pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling seizure mouse model via Notch and NMDAR signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Stachydrine (STA), the principal bioactive alkaloid of Leonurus japonicus (Motherwort/"Yi Mu Cao"), may derive its ethnopharmacological relevance for epilepsy management from the botanical origin-Motherwort's documented traditional use in treating seizures and other neurological cardiovascular diseases.

Aim Of The Study: To validate STA's ethnomedicinal claim an anticonvulsant by mechanistically interrogating its dual modulation of Notch1-driven neuroinflammation and NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity, which are two key hallmarks of chronic epileptogenesis.

Materials And Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups to evaluate the neuroprotective and an anticonvulsant effects of STA in the PTZ-induced seizure model: Control group, PTZ group, and PTZ + STA group.

Regenerative effect of human cell-derived BMP-2 cultured within a collagen bone graft in a rat calvaria defect model.

Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive factor; however, current clinical applications using -derived recombinant human BMP-2 are constrained by structural deficiencies and high-dose requirements, which increases the risk of adverse effects. In this study, we aimed to address these limitations by developing a novel approach leveraging genetically engineered human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) to synthesize human cell-derived BMP-2 (hBMP-2) within a collagen-based bone graft matrix. ARPE-19 cells were transduced using a lentiviral vector encoding BMP-2 and subsequently cultured in a porcine-collagen mixed graft material.

Hotspot Mutagenesis Strategy Yielding a Highly Sensitive Nanobody against Parathion for Immunoassay Development.

Nanobodies (Nbs) hold great potential as affinity reagents for the immunoassays of small-molecule contaminants. However, there is an urgent need for better approaches to discover higher-affinity Nbs and expand their application in food analysis. Herein, with the antiparathion nanobody (VHH9) as a model, a novel hotspot mutagenesis technique for Nb affinity maturation is reported, which targets specific motifs within Nb DNA sequences and bypasses the need for traditional 3D protein modeling to navigate candidate mutated residues.

Factors influencing proximal contact loss between fixed implant prostheses and adjacent natural teeth: a retrospective study.

Objectives: To investigate the causal factors of proximal contact loss (PCL) between an implant prosthesis and the adjacent natural teeth using cast model analysis.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent restoration using dental implants in the posterior region were analyzed. To identify factors associated with PCL incidence, cast model analyses were conducted based on sex, implant site, jaw position, Angle's classification, anterior overbite, preexisting interproximal gap between consecutive (mesial side) natural teeth adjacent to the implant, generalized gap of the full arch, and mandibular anterior crowding.

Prognostic factors influencing implant survival and marginal bone loss in patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia medication.

Objectives: To evaluate the factors that influence the survival of dental implants and marginal bone loss (MBL) in patients taking osteoporosis or osteopenia medication.

Materials And Methods: This study included patients who underwent dental implant treatment after taking medication for osteoporosis or osteopenia. Electronic medical records were used to collect data of patient age, sex, age at osteoporosis or osteopenia diagnosis, types of medications, age at medication initiation, duration of medication before implant surgery, whether the medication was paused before surgery, paused duration of medication, implant survival status, and MBL before and after prosthetic treatment.

Long-term follow-up of posterior implant restorations showing under-occlusion: a superimposition analysis of dentition change.

Under-occlusion ('infraocclusion' as defined in the natural teeth) after implant restoration in the posterior area is commonly encountered in clinical practice; however, it has rarely been reported. Most importantly, the under-occlusion change mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this case report was to analyze how the dentition of both arches changed in a patient, including teeth tilting, elongation and occlusal plane change with under-occlusion of the posterior implant restoration after long-term function.

Enhanced nanobody-driven bioluminescent immunoassay for rapid parathion detection using engineered split-nanoluciferase.

In this work, with parathion, a typical forbidden organophosphate pesticide as target drug, an enhanced nanobody-driven bioluminescent immunoassay based on the engineered split-nanoluciferase (NanoLuc) was proposed. Concretely, through labeling 11S and β10, two split-NanoLuc units onto the anti-parathion nanobody (Nb) VHH9 and the artificial antigen H1 coupled with carrier protein ovalbumin (H1-OVA) respectively, an NanoLuc Binary Technology (NanoBiT) system was firstly developed in the form of homogeneous immunoassay, in which the luminescence signal was produced by the reassembled NanoLuc after the combination of the 11S-fused VHH9 and β10-labeled H1-OVA. Subsequently, in order to enhance the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, a novel strategy of splitting 11S into two smaller subunits Δ11S and β9 was adopted so then an NanoLuc Ternary Technology (NanoTeT) system based on tri-part components of β9-fused VHH9, β10-labeled H1-OVA and Δ11S was successfully established.

Fabrication of a high-sensitivity electrochemical immunosensor by the oriented immobilization of engineered nanobody on nanofibrous membrane.

A new type of label-free electrochemical immunosensor for the high-sensitivity determination of parathion was developed based on the oriented immobilization of nanobody (VHH9) on a gold nanoparticle-loaded polyvinyl alcohol/citric acid nanofiber membrane-modified electrode. The morphology characterization and assembly process of the modified materials were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under the optimum conditions, the label-free electrochemical immunosensor for parathion exhibited a linear range of 0.

Development of Highly Sensitive Immunochromatography Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Microspheres for Amantadine Detection.

Amantadine (AMA), commonly used to treat viral infections in livestock and poultry, has been banned owing to its potential hazards to human well-being. To detect unauthorized AMA usage in livestock, we developed a polyclonal antibody with a high affinity for the specific recognition of AMA through a rational design based on a structure similar to AMA and revealed the availability of the hapten design by computational chemistry analysis. Using this antibody, we established a highly responsive time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA).

Scorpion venom heat-resistant synthesized peptide ameliorates epileptic seizures and imparts neuroprotection in rats mediated by NMDA receptors.

Finding new and effective natural products for designing antiepileptic drugs is highly important in the scientific community. The scorpion venom heat-resistant peptide (SVHRP) was purified from Buthus martensii Karsch scorpion venom, and subsequent analysis of the amino acid sequence facilitated the synthesis of a peptide known as scorpion venom heat-resistant synthesis peptide (SVHRSP) using a technique for peptide synthesis. Previous studies have demonstrated that the SVHRSP can inhibit neuroinflammation and provide neuroprotection.

Food impaction on three-dimensional printed models with periodontal ligament simulation.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate food impaction on three-dimensional (3D) printed models with periodontal ligament simulation.

Materials And Methods: Based on a commercial typodont pair, 3D maxillary and mandibular models were created with no teeth and with tooth sockets that were 1 mm wider than the original ones from 24 to 27 or 34 to 37 for periodontal ligament simulation with vinyl polysiloxane impression material. In total, 35 pairs of 7 combinations, including maxillary/mandibular typodonts in occlusion with maxillary/mandibular 3D models with/without a distal gap of canines on 3D models (tooth 23 or 33) were mounted on hinge articulators and divided into seven groups (n = 5).

A breakthrough of immunoassay format for hapten: recent insights into noncompetitive immunoassays to detect small molecules.

Immunoassay based on the antibodies specific for targets has advantages of high sensitivity, simplicity and low cost, therefore it has received more attention in recent years, especially for the rapid detection of small molecule chemicals present in foods, diagnostics and environments. However, limited by low molecular weight and only one antigenic determinant existed, immunoassays for these small molecule chemicals, namely hapten substances, were commonly performed in a competitive immunoassay format, whose sensitivities were obviously lower than the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay generally adaptable for the protein targets. In order to break through the bottleneck of detection format, researchers have designed and established several novel noncompetitive immunoassays for the haptens in the past few years.

Molecular Evolution of Antiparathion Nanobody with Enhanced Sensitivity and Specificity Based on Structural Analysis.

Nanobody (Nb) has gained significant attention in immunoassays owing to its numerous advantages, particularly its ease of molecular evolution. However, the limited understanding of how high sensitivity and specificity attained for antihapten Nbs hamper the development of high-performance Nbs. Herein, the antiparathion Nb (Nb9) we prepared previously was chosen as the model, and an approach based on X-ray crystallography, molecular docking, and rational site-directed saturation mutation for constructing a rapid and effective platform for nanobody evolution was described.

Design of an Antigen-Triggered Nanobody-Based Fluorescence Probe for PET Immunoassay to Detect Quinalphos in Food Samples.

Photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) immunoassay based on a fluorescence site-specifically labeled nanobody, also called mini Quenchbody (Q-body), exhibits extraordinary sensitivity and saves much time in the homogeneous noncompetitive mode and is therefore regarded as a valuable method. However, limited by the efficiency of both quenching and dequenching of the fluorescence signal before and after antigen binding associated with the PET principle, not all original nanobodies can be used as candidates for mini Q-bodies. Herein, with the anti-quinalphos nanobody 11A (Nb-11A) as the model, we, for the first time, adopt a strategy by combining X-ray structural analysis with site-directed mutagenesis to design and produce a mutant Nb-R29W, and then successfully generate a mini Q-body by labeling with ATTO520 fluorescein.

Food Impaction in Dentistry: Revisited.

Purpose: This review aimed to highlight the aetiology and risk factors of food impaction along with the treatment in each case.

Materials And Methods: A search was conducted in PubMed from 1947 to March 28, 2023. The search terms utilised included (food impaction) OR (interdental impaction).

Clinical Outcomes of Posterior Implants with Surveyed Crowns for Implant-Assisted Removable Partial Dentures: A Retrospective Study.

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of posterior implants with surveyed crowns in implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs). Internal-connection implants were inserted and restored with surveyed crowns at the most posterior molar regions of Kennedy class I or II in partially edentulous patients between 2007 and 2018. IARPDs were fabricated and functioned with or without clasps on the surveyed implant crowns.

A highly sensitive electrochemical immunosensor based on electrospun nanocomposite for the detection of parathion.

For monitoring of the residual of parathion pesticide in food, herein, a sensitive and reliable electrochemical immunosensor based on cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol/citric acid nanofiber membrane (PVA/CA NFM) and horseradish peroxidase labeled anti-parathion nanobody was constructed. Firstly, the cross-linked PVA/CA NFM with extra-high surface area and uniform morphology was prepared and characterized. Then, the immunosensor was assembled and its analytical performances were evaluated.

Scorpion venom heat-resistant synthetic peptide protects dopamine neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity in C. elegans.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. The main pathological feature is the degeneration and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which leads to the significant decrease of dopamine content in the striatum. Our recent studies have shown that scorpion venom heat-resistant synthetic peptide (SVHRSP) have protective effects on neuroinflammation.

Nanobodies for Accurate Recognition of Iso-tenuazonic Acid and Development of Sensitive Immunoassay for Contaminant Detection in Foods.

The accurate analysis of chemical isomers plays an important role in the study of their different toxic effects and targeted detection of pollutant isomers in foods. The mycotoxins tenuazonic acid (TeA) and iso-tenuazonic acid (ITeA) are two isomer mycotoxins with the lack of single analysis methods due to the similar structures. Antibody-based immunoassays exhibit high sensitivity and superior application in isomer-specific determination.

Low Bone Density Predictability of CBCT and Its Relation to Primary Stability of Tapered Implant Design: A Pilot Study.

Research regarding bone density assessment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in low bone density regions is sparse. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the predictability of CBCT for low bone density regions and its correlations with primary implant stability when placing tapered design implants with a stepped osteotomy. Eighteen porcine mandibular condyles were used as simulated low bone density regions.

Long-Term Social Isolation-Induced Autophagy Inhibition and Cell Senescence Aggravate Cognitive Impairment in D(+)Galactose-Treated Male Mice.

Aging is associated with physiological and pathological changes and presents health complications, such as dementia. Isolation has also been associated with the experience of growing old. Both have been linked individually to the incidence of cognitive decline.

Two-hour acute restraint stress facilitates escape behavior and learning outcomes through the activation of the Cdk5/GR P S211 pathway in male mice.

Acute stress exerts pleiotropic actions on learning behaviors. The induced negative effects are sometimes adopted to measure the efficacy of particular drugs. Until now, there are no detailed experimental data on the time-gradient effects of acute stress.

Ultrasensitive and rapid colorimetric detection of paraquat via a high specific VHH nanobody.

Rapid and quantitative detection of paraquat is crucial because of its high toxicity. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA) strip based on our synthesized variable domain of heavy chain antibody (VHH, also called Nanobody) for paraquat detection. Briefly, the specific immunogen selected from six designed antigens was employed to immunize alpaca, and a high-efficiency capacity of 1.