Dissection of genomic drivers of spike morphology changes in wheat by high-throughput phenotyping.

Spike morphology is crucial for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and environmental adaptation. We developed a high-throughput phenotyping platform to dissect spike morphology traits based on 54 traits in 1,359 wheat accessions.

Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of Echinococcus spp. in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: unraveling genetic evolution in a high-risk region for echinococcosis.

As the largest and highest plateau in the world, the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) also represents a critical endemic region for echinococcosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus spp. The disease is listed as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization (WHO). Given its high prevalence and associated socioeconomic impacts, there is an urgent need to conduct in-depth research on this problem and formulate prevention and control intervention strategies.

Exosomal tpi-miR-10a-5p from T. pisiformis cysticerci regulates the expression of inflammatory factors in rabbits by targeting MAP3K7.

Taenia pisiformis (T. pisiformis) cysticerci, belonging to Taeniidae, attaches to the wall of the mesentery and omentum of rabbits, causing cysticercosis pisiformis that can seriously affect the healthy development of the rabbit breeding industry. Helminths can produce exosomes containing proteins and RNAs.

The transcription factor MYB44 suppresses starch synthesis to negatively regulate grain weight and yield in wheat and rice.

Starch is the primary storage compound in wheat grains and is essential for both flour quality and grain weight. In this study, we identified TaMYB44, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene that controls starch content in wheat grains, through a genome-wide association study. The TaMYB44 homoeologs were predominantly expressed in developing grains, with peak levels observed 10 days after pollination.

Joint linkage and association analysis identifies genomic regions and candidate genes for yield-related traits in wheat.

Twenty-six QTLs associated with yield-related traits in wheat were identified through joint linkage and association analysis, with TraesCS5A03G0002500 being selected as a candidate gene for QGl.caas-5A.1.

TaFT-D1 positively regulates grain weight by acting as a coactivator of TaFDL2 in wheat.

FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), a multifunctional regulator in crops, modulates multiple key agronomic traits such as flowering time or heading date and plant height; however, its role in grain development regulation is unclear. Herein, through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we identified TaFT-D1, which encodes a phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP), as a candidate gene for grain weight in wheat. A one-bp insertion/deletion (InDel) (G/-) in the third exon of TaFT-D1, resulting in different protein lengths, was significantly associated with grain weight.

Wheat wide hybridization and chromosome engineering breeding in China.

As the second important staple crop next to rice in China, common wheat () plays a decisive role in national food security. Wild and semi-wild relatives of wheat provide abundant genetic resources for wheat genetic improvement. In China, wheat wide hybridization and chromosome engineering breeding initiated in the 1950s and developed into a well-defined theoretical and technical system over the next three decades through learning, exploration and practice.

TaWUS-like-5D affects grain weight and filling by inhibiting the expression of sucrose and trehalose metabolism-related genes in wheat grain endosperm.

Plant-specific WUSCHEL-related homeobox (Wox) transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanism of Wox-mediated regulation of thousand kernel weight (TKW) in crops remains elusive. In this research, we identified a major TKW-associated quantitative trait locus (QTL) on wheat chromosome 5DS by performing a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of a Chinese wheat mini-core collection (MCC) in four environments combined by bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and bulked segregant RNA-sequencing (BSR-seq) of wheat grains exhibiting a wide range of TKWs.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase TaGW2 facilitates TaSnRK1γ and TaVPS24 degradation to enhance stripe rust susceptibility in wheat.

Wheat stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), threatens global wheat production, and therefore discovering genes involved in stripe rust susceptibility is essential for balancing yield with disease resistance in sustainable breeding strategies.

A disposable microfluidic aptasensor for one-step and real-time detection of sub-femtomolar-level aflatoxin B in food.

Aflatoxin B (AFB) is a highly toxic substance found in food, necessitating rapid and sensitive detection methods. Combining interfacial capacitive sensing with AC electrothermal (ACET) enrichment, an aptasensor based on a PCB electrode array is developed for real-time detection of trace AFB. Owing to the sensitive solid-liquid capacitance with a pF-level resolution, AFB detection at sub-femtomolar level is achieved.

Complete mitochondrial genome of (Diptera: Scathophagidae) in wild plateau pika: genome descriptions and phylogenetic evolution.

As a member of the Scathophagidae family, () is widely distributed globally and is closely associated with animal feces. It is also a species of great interest to many scientific studies. However, its phylogenetic relationships are poorly understood.

Nuclear factor-Y-polycomb repressive complex2 dynamically orchestrates starch and seed storage protein biosynthesis in wheat.

The endosperm in cereal grains is instrumental in determining grain yield and seed quality, as it controls starch and seed storage protein (SSP) production. In this study, we identified a specific nuclear factor-Y (NF-Y) trimeric complex in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), consisting of TaNF-YA3-D, TaNF-YB7-B, and TaNF-YC6-B, and exhibiting robust expression within the endosperm during grain filling.

The Prevalence of spp. and in (Rodentia: Sciuridae) in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau area, China.

Background: and are well-known important intestinal zoonotic pathogens that can infect various hosts and cause diarrhoeal diseases. We aimed to determine the epidemiological prevalence and molecular characterization of and species in Himalayan marmot (, class Marmota) in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau Area of Qinghai Province, Northwest China.

Methods: Overall, 243 Himalayan marmot fecal samples were collected in 2017 and in 2019 and a two-step nested PCR technique was performed to amplify the fragments of the SSU rRNA gene of and 18S ribosomal RNA gene of .

Morphological observation, molecular identification and evolutionary analysis of Hydatigera kamiyai found in Neodon fuscus from the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau.

Hydatigera kamiyai (H. kamiyai) is a new species within Hydatigera that has recently been resurrected. Voles and cats are hosts of H.

The TaGW2-TaSPL14 module regulates the trade-off between tiller number and grain weight in wheat.

IDEAL PLANT ARCHITECTURE1 (IPA1) is a pivotal gene controlling plant architecture and grain yield. However, little is known about the effects of Triticum aestivum SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING-LIKE 14 (TaSPL14), an IPA1 ortholog in wheat, on balancing yield traits and its regulatory mechanism in wheat (T. aestivum L.

Molecular characterization of QTL for grain zinc and iron concentrations in wheat landrace Chinese Spring.

Three stable QTL for grain zinc concentration were identified in wheat landrace Chinese Spring. Favorable alleles were more frequent in landraces than in modern wheat cultivars. Wheat is a major source of dietary energy for the growing world population.

A k-mer-based pangenome approach for cataloging seed-storage-protein genes in wheat to facilitate genotype-to-phenotype prediction and improvement of end-use quality.

Wheat is a staple food for more than 35% of the world's population, with wheat flour used to make hundreds of baked goods. Superior end-use quality is a major breeding target; however, improving it is especially time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, genes encoding seed-storage proteins (SSPs) form multi-gene families and are repetitive, with gaps commonplace in several genome assemblies.