The critical role of matrix metalloproteinase 9-mediated microglial polarization in perioperative neurocognitive disorders of aged rats.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is a significant clinical syndrome and neuroinflammation is an important pathological process. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) as a Zn2+-dependent matrix enzyme, not only maintains the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and synaptic plasticity, but also plays a key regulatory factor in peripheral and central nervous inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MMP9-mediated microglial polarization on surgery-induced neuroinflammation in aged rats and to provide novel targets for prevention and treatment of PND.

Construction and Validation of a Novel Prognostic Model Based on Cervical Cancer-Related Genes.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, however, the treatment options for advanced CC are limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the clinic for reliable prognostic models to guide clinical decision-making.

Methods: We conducted differential gene expression analysis on cervical cancer samples and normal samples to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Kapβ2 attenuates post-anesthetic neurocognitive dysfunction by resolving HnRNPA2/B1 fibrillary tangles in a rat model of mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) before surgery have a higher incidence of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) and a higher rate of progression to dementia than those without MCI; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2/B1) is an RNA-binding protein (RBP) that forms fibrillary tangles via a steric zipper motif. Abnormal accumulation of HnRNPA2/B1 is strongly correlated with local neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment.

Kapβ2 Reverses Sevoflurane-Induced Hydrogel Phase Transition of hnRNPA2/B1-SG in Hypoxic Primary Rat Hippocampal Neurons.

Aims: Sevoflurane can aggravate the progression of neurodegeneration, although the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Our previous study identified a link between heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (hnRNPA2/B1) and sevoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairments. The abnormal hydrogel phase transition of stress granules (SGs) assembled via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) by hnRNPA2/B1 is a crucial element in neurodegeneration.

Assessing the short-term exposure risk and mortality burden of dust and fine aerosol PM2.5 in Central Asia.

Central Asia faces severe exposure risks to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from both wind-blown dust and anthropogenic emissions; however, the associated health effects remain poorly understood. This study assesses the short-term PM2.

Development and validation of a cancer-associated fibroblast gene signature-based model for predicting immunotherapy response in colon cancer.

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in colon cancer has been established, and there is an urgent need to identify new molecular markers for colon cancer immunotherapy to guide clinical decisions. Using the "EPIC" and "MCPcounter" R packages to conduct cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) infiltration scoring on colon cancer samples from the TCGA database and the GEO database, the WGCNA analysis was performed on the two databases' samples based on the CAF infiltration scores to screen for CAF-related genes. LASSO regression analysis was used to construct a risk model with these genes.

A biomarker framework for auditory system aging: the Aging Biomarker Consortium consensus statement.

Hearing is one of the most vital sensory functions in human beings and a crucial means of perceiving and acquiring information from the natural environment. The advancement of human society is closely linked to the development of language, with hearing serving as the foundation for verbal communication. As individuals age, the deterioration of the auditory system becomes a significant factor contributing to sensory impairments in the elderly.

Plasmonic in-situ imaging of zeta potential distributions at electrochemical interfaces of 2D materials in water.

Understanding the electrical double layer (EDL) at solid-liquid interfaces is pivotal across various fields, including energy storage, electrowetting, and electrocatalysis, yet probing its structure and heterogeneity remains a considerable challenge. Here, we report an optical method for the direct visualization and quantification of the zeta potential (ζ) across the interfaces between 2D materials and aqueous solutions. By modulating surface charge density, we map the heterogenous distribution of ζ potential across the MoS nanosheet interface, revealing how both external factors and intrinsic material properties shape interfacial charge.

Research on the influence of waterproof layer on lining mechanical performance under early temperature load.

The installation of waterproof layer in the composite lining will change the tangential constraint conditions on the initial support side of lining, affecting the lining mechanical performance under early temperature loads. Based on a loess double track railway tunnel, the influence of tangential constraints on lining mechanical performance under concrete hydration heat temperature load was studied by numerical simulation. Interactions between surrounding rock, initial support, waterproof layer and lining were taken into consideration in the simulation model.

Selict-seq profiles genome-wide off-target effects in adenosine base editing.

Adenosine base editors (ABEs) facilitate A·T to G·C base pair conversion with significant therapeutic potential for correcting pathogenic point mutations in human genetic diseases, such as sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia. Unlike CRISPR-Cas9 systems that induce double-strand breaks, ABEs operate through precise deamination, avoiding chromosomal instability. However, the off-target editing effects of ABEs remain inadequately characterized.

Different Spatial Characteristic Changes in Lumbopelvic Kinematics Before and After Fatigue: Comparison Between People with and Without Low Back Pain.

Background: The lumbopelvic region plays a pivotal role in enabling various functional activities. This study quantified and compared the kinematic changes between healthy individuals and patients with recurrent low back pain (LBP) in both rested and fatigued states to gain insight into the kinematic adaptation and mechanisms underlying kinematic variations that occur in the presence of these factors.

Methods: Participants were divided into two groups: the LBP ( = 23) and healthy control groups ( = 19).

Cost-benefit analysis of pharmacist early active consultation in patients with multidrug-resistant bacteria in China.

Background: Although Pharmacist Early Active Consultation (PEAC) has demonstrated clinical benefits in patients with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), its cost-effectiveness in China remains insufficiently studied.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of PEAC in patients with MDROs from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Method: A historically controlled study was conducted on 100 MDRO-infected patients, including 37 who received PEAC and 63 who did not.

A cross-sectional study on the association between physical activity and the risk of colon cancer based on NHANES 2007-2018.

Colon cancer poses a significant threat to global health, and studies have shown a correlation between physical activity (PA) and the incidence of colon cancer. However, existing research has not quantitatively analyzed PA to evaluate its impact on the risk of colon cancer comprehensively. Data related to the study were obtained from the NHANES database for participants aged 20 and above between 2007 and 2018.

Association of Craniofacial Skeletal and Soft Tissue Characteristics With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Age-specific and BMI-specific Patient Groups.

Purpose: To identify the key craniofacial anatomic characteristics associated with the prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patient cohorts stratified by age and body mass index (BMI).

Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital Center for Sleep Medicine and Science between December 2023 and March 2024. Patients suspected of having OSA underwent overnight polysomnography, along with computed tomography scans of the head and neck, to evaluate the skeletal and soft tissue characteristics.

Active-matrix extended-gate field-effect transistor array for simultaneous detection of multiple metabolites.

With the deepening understanding of diseases, increasing attention has been paid to personalized healthcare and precise diagnosis, which usually depend on the simultaneous monitoring of multiple metabolites, therefore requiring biological sensing systems to possess high sensitivity, specificity, throughput, and instant monitoring capabilities. In this work, we demonstrated the active-matrix extended-gate field-effect transistor (AMEGFET) array that can perform instant analysis of various metabolites in small amounts of body fluids collected during routine physiological activities. The extended gate electrodes of the AMEGFETs comprise ordered mesoporous carbon fibers loaded with both oxidoreductase enzymes for specific metabolites and platinum nanoparticles.

Improving the efficacy of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer: Targeting tumor microenvironment-associated immunosuppressive cells.

Currently, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have changed the treatment paradigm for many malignant tumors. As the most common digestive tract malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC) shows a good response to ICIs only in a small subset of patients with MSI-H/dMMR CRC. In contrast, patients with MSS/pMMR CRC show minimal response to ICIs.

Cytokine release syndrome associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study based on spontaneous reports in FAERS.

Objective: To describe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) reported in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: We obtained ICIs adverse event (AE) reports from January 2011 to September 2023 from the FAERS database. The preferred term (PT) 'cytokine release syndrome' from the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) 26.

A pharmacovigilance study of drug-reduced male semen quality based on the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Real-world big data studies on drug-reduced male semen quality are few and far between, with most studies based on animal trials, small scale retrospective studies, or a limited number of pre-market clinical trials.

Methods: This study aimed to identify culprit drugs that reduced male semen quality based on the United States Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system. The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities preferred terms and standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities queries were used to define reduced male semen quality.

A real-world pharmacovigilance study of drug-induced QT interval prolongation: analysis of spontaneous reports submitted to FAERS.

Purpose: To identify the most commonly reported drugs associated with QT interval prolongation in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and evaluate their risk for QT interval prolongation.

Methods: We employed the preferred term (PT) "electrocardiogram QT prolonged" from the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) 26.0 to identify adverse drug events (ADEs) of QT interval prolongation in the FAERS database from the period 2004-2022.

Integration of single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq to construct liver hepatocellular carcinoma stem cell signatures to explore their impact on patient prognosis and treatment.

Background: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is a prevalent form of primary liver cancer. Research has demonstrated the contribution of tumor stem cells in facilitating tumor recurrence, metastasis, and treatment resistance. Despite this, there remains a lack of established cancer stem cells (CSCs)-associated genes signatures for effectively predicting the prognosis and guiding the treatment strategies for patients diagnosed with LIHC.

List Equivalency and Critical Differences of a Mandarin Bamford-Kowal-Bench Sentence in Babble Noise Test for Adults and Preschool Children With Normal Hearing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the speech recognition equivalence of Mandarin Bamford-Kowal-Bench (BKB) sentence lists with adults and children with normal hearing.

Method: A total of 32 lists, each of nine sentences, were compiled from a corpus of BKB-like sentences with paired babble in Mandarin. Interlist equivalence, critical differences, and sensitivity of performance to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were examined.

Transcriptome-wide profiling of A-to-I RNA editing by Slic-seq.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a post-transcriptional processing event involved in diversifying the transcriptome and is responsible for various biological processes. In this context, we developed a new method based on the highly selective cleavage activity of Endonuclease V against Inosine and the universal activity of sodium periodate against all RNAs to enrich the inosine-containing RNA and accurately identify the editing sites. We validated the reliability of our method in human brain in both Alu and non-Alu elements.

Metal-Organic Framework-Modified Silver Nanowire Transparent Film with Enhanced Conductivity and Stability for Efficient Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

Silver nanowire (AgNW) is recognized as a critical material for developing the next generation of transparent conductive films (TCFs); however, poor stability remains a major issue. Herein, we demonstrate a stable AgNW TCF passivated by a metal-organic framework (MOF) via a facile solution process. The MOF is chemically bonded to the surface of the AgNWs as a chemical inhibitor, which contributes to passivating highly active sites and providing chemical protection, leading to enhanced resistance to corrosive molecules and thereby offering exceptional stability under an ambient atmosphere.