Differently Implicational Bandler-Kohout Subproduct Method.

The Bandler-Kohout subproduct (BKS) method acts as one of the two representative fuzzy relational inference (FRI) strategies. Observing the BKS method using constraint modeling, two fuzzy implications, respectively, produce expression to the factors of inference mechanism and rule base. However, these two factors normally reflect different connotations from the perspectives of artificial intelligence applications and logical meaning.

Delocalized electrolyte design enables 600 Wh kg lithium metal pouch cells.

The development of high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is essential for advances in next-generation energy storage and electric vehicle technologies. Nevertheless, the practical applications of LMBs are constrained by current electrolyte designs that inherently rely on dominant solvation structures, preventing transformative progress in performance optimization. Here, we address this limitation through a delocalized electrolyte design that fosters a more disordered solvation microenvironment, thereby mitigating dynamic barriers and stabilizing interphases.

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes mitigate acute radiation-induced intestinal oxidative damage via the Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway.

Acute radiation-induced intestinal injury (ARII), a prevalent complication of abdominal radiotherapy, remains clinically challenging due to limited therapeutic options. This study demonstrates the therapeutic efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (hucMSC-Exos) in mitigating ARII through Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway activation. In a rat model receiving 12 Gy abdominal irradiation, systemic hucMSC-Exos administration significantly restored intestinal mucosal integrity and reduced oxidative damage markers.

Beyond Conventional Doping: Sulfur-Induced Electronic and Interfacial Dynamics for Advanced Nitrate Reduction.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO RR) to ammonia (NH) offers a sustainable route for NH₃ synthesis and environmental remediation, yet it is hindered by sluggish kinetics due to inefficient proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) processes and inadequate electrocatalyst design. Conventional approaches primarily focus on the bulk electronic modulation of the electrocatalyst while neglecting interfacial water dynamics. Here, we propose a dual-functional sulfur-doping strategy in CoO (S-CoO) to simultaneously enhance bulk conductivity and optimize interfacial proton transfer.

Ultra-Soluble 1-Azaphenothiazine Additive Stabilizes High-Voltage LiCoO₂ for 500 Wh Kg Lithium Metal Pouch Cells.

High-voltage LiCoO is a promising cathode candidate for achieving high-energy lithium metal pouch cells. However, further application is still hindered by irreversible structural degradation and severe interfacial side reactions that accelerate capacity decay. Herein, 1-Azaphenothiazine (1-APT) is incorporated as a cathode slurry additive (1 g mL in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) to promote the optimization of the LiCoO interface during the electrode coating process.

Trapping effect of surface deficient cocrystal synergizes with bimetallic nanoparticles against bacterial infection in wounds.

Metal nanoparticles exert broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects through in situ generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the limited penetrability of ROS restricts the scope of antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles. Herein, we develop core-shell nanoparticles composed of a surface-defective cocrystal shell and a Cu/Zn bimetallic core.

Quantifying Asymmetric Coordination to Correlate with Oxygen Reduction Activity in Fe-Based Single-Atom Catalysts.

Precisely manipulating asymmetric coordination configurations and examining electronic effects enable to tunethe intrinsic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity of single-atom catalysts (SACs). However, the lackof a definite relationship between coordination asymmetry and catalytic activity makes the rational design of SACs ambiguous. Here, we propose a concept of "asymmetry degree" to quantify asymmetric coordination configurations and assess the effectiveness of active moieties in Fe-based SACs.

Optimizing the Coordination Energy of Co-N Sites by Co Nanoparticles Integrated with Fe-NCNTs for Boosting PEMFC and Zn-Air Battery Performance.

Enhancing the catalytic performance and durability of M-N─C catalyst is crucial for the efficient operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and Zn-Air batteries (ZABs). Herein, an approach is developed for the in situ fabrication of a MOFs-derived porous carbon material, co-loaded with Co nanoparticles (NPs) and Co-N sites and integrated onto Fe-doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs), named Co-NC/Fe-NCNTs. Incorporating polymer-wrapped CNTs improves MOFs dispersion annealing at high temperature, which amplifies the three-phase boundary (TPB) by generating much more mesopores and exposing additional active sites within the catalysts layer.

Clarifying the Active Structure and Reaction Mechanism of Atomically Dispersed Metal and Nonmetal Sites with Enhanced Activity for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Atomically dispersed transition metal (ADTM) catalysts are widely implemented in energy conversion reactions, while the similar properties of TMs make it difficult to continuously improve the activity of ADTMs via tuning the composition of metals. Introducing nonmetal sites into ADTMs may help to effectively modulate the electronic structure of metals and significantly improve the activity. However, it is difficult to achieve the co-existence of ADTMs with nonmetal atoms and clarify their synergistic effect on the catalytic mechanism.

Routes to Bidirectional Cathodes for Reversible Aprotic Alkali Metal-CO Batteries.

Aprotic alkali metal-CO batteries (AAMCBs) have garnered significant interest owing to fixing CO and providing large energy storage capacity. The practical implementation of AAMCBs is constrained by the sluggish kinetics of the CO reduction reaction (CORR) and the CO evolution reaction (COER). Because the COER and CORR take place on the cathode, which connects the internal catalyst with the external environment.

Multi-stage 3D-printed guide for precise restoration of severely inclined teeth based on target restorative space guidance: a case report.

In clinical dentistry, addressing unique conditions such as tilted, elongated, and torsion teeth during preparation can be effectively managed through digital tooth morphology design. The production of a multi-stage 3D-printed guide offered a more efficient and accurate solution. This article presented a case of significant inclination, elongation, and torsion in the maxillary and mandibular canines that were successfully treated using crown restoration modification.

A temperature compensated fiber probe for highly sensitive detection in virus gene biosensing.

This research presents an innovative reflective fiber optic probe structure, mutinously designed to detect H7N9 avian influenza virus gene precisely. This innovative structure skillfully combines multimode fiber (MMF) with a thin-diameter seven-core photonic crystal fiber (SCF-PCF), forming a semi-open Fabry-Pérot (FPI) cavity. This structure has demonstrated exceptional sensitivity in light intensity-refractive index (RI) response through rigorous theoretical and experimental validation.

In Situ Symbiosis of Cerium Oxide Nanophase for Enhancing the Oxygen Electrocatalysis Performance of Single-Atom Fe─N─C Catalyst with Prolonged Stability for Zinc-Air Batteries.

The Fenton reaction, induced by the HO formed during the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) process leads to significant dissolution of Fe, resulting in unsatisfactory stability of the iron-nitrogen-doped carbon catalysts (Fe-NC). In this study, a strategy is proposed to improve the ORR catalytic activity while eliminating the effect of HO by introducing CeO nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy and subsequent characterizations reveal that CeO nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the carbon substrate, with atomically dispersed Fe single-atom catalysts (SACs) adjacent to them.

Achieving Uniform Li Deposition and Suppressed Electrolyte Flammability in Li-Metal Batteries via Designing Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes.

The increasing need for energy storage devices with high energy density has led to significant interest in Li-metal batteries (LMBs). However, the use of commercial electrolytes in LMBs is problematic due to their flammability, inadequate performance at low temperatures, and tendency to promote the growth of lithium dendrites and other flaws. This study introduces a localized high-concentration electrolyte (LHCE) that addresses these issues by employing non-flammable electrolyte components and incorporating carefully designed additives to enhance flame retardancy and low-temperature performance.

Bioresponsive nanocomplex integrating cancer-associated fibroblast deactivation and immunogenic chemotherapy for rebuilding immune-excluded tumors.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in creating an immunosuppressive environment and remodeling the extracellular matrix within tumors, leading to chemotherapy resistance and limited immune cell infiltration. To address these challenges, integrating CAFs deactivation into immunogenic chemotherapy may represent a promising approach to the reversal of immune-excluded tumor. We developed a tumor-targeted nanomedicine called the glutathione-responsive nanocomplex (GNC).

Revolutionizing cancer treatment: enhancing CAR-T cell therapy with CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology.

CAR-T cell therapy, a novel immunotherapy, has made significant breakthroughs in clinical practice, particularly in treating B-cell-associated leukemia and lymphoma. However, it still faces challenges such as poor persistence, limited proliferation capacity, high manufacturing costs, and suboptimal efficacy. CRISPR/Cas system, an efficient and simple method for precise gene editing, offers new possibilities for optimizing CAR-T cells.

Stabilization of LiCoO Cathodes in High Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries Through 2-(Trifluoromethyl)Benzamide (2-TFMBA) Electrolyte Additives.

Increasing the charging cutoff voltage of LiCoO to 4.6 V is significant for enhancing battery density. However, the practical application of Li‖LiCoO batteries with a 4.

Synthesis of Hierarchical CF@FeO Fibers Decorated with MoS Layers Forming Core-Sheath Microstructure toward Tunable and Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Hierarchical structural design has been verified as a feasible strategy to fabricate effective electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers, so we designed hierarchical core-sheath composites with magnetic particles and dielectric layers. In this work, a hierarchical structure of carbon fiber (CF)@FeO@MoS (CPDF7-M) was prepared by introducing FeO and depositing MoS layers on the surface of fibers. Due to the synergistic effects from the CF@FeO increasing the conductive and magnetic loss and the outer MoS layers improving the impedance matching, the optimal reflection loss () value was -63.