Engineered cyclodextrin-protein domain interface modulation and application in nanoscale delivery systems development for therapeutic proteins.

With the development of molecular biology and pharmacology, proteins have been considered essential therapeutic agents that directly or indirectly participate in disease treatment. However, protein-based formulations face significant drawbacks, including low storage stability, rapid metabolism in vivo, and limited organ-selective delivery. Moreover, the internal protein also participated in drug transportation and cellular endocytosis.

The effect of green technology innovation on air pollution from a quantity-quality perspective in China's large river basins.

Green technology innovation (GTI) plays a crucial role in promoting regional sustainable development, yet its mechanisms for mitigating air pollution remain insufficiently explored. This study investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics and spatial correlations of GTI and air pollution across China's major river basins, with a particular focus on differentiating the roles of GTI quantity and quality. Using the extended STIRPAT and spatial Durbin models, we examine nonlinear relationships, basin-specific heterogeneity, and spatial spillover effects.

Identification, optimisation and production of xylooligosaccharides by heat-tolerant xylanase-producing strain.

A novel heat-resistant xylanase-producing strain ( J22) isolated from a soil sample in China can produce a high level of cellulase-free xylanase (768.32 U/mL). The conditions for xylanase production by liquid fermentation were optimised through the implementation of single factor experiments and a response surface experiment.

Impact of Hashimoto's thyroiditis on ultrasound diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and ultrasonic manifestations of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and without HT. The characteristics were analyzed to improve the accuracy of diagnosing PTC with HT via ultrasound, potentially reducing overtreatment in certain cases.

Methods: The patients were retrospectively analyzed in the Second Hospital of Shandong University from December 2015 to January 2020.

Microfluidic Laminar Flow-Based Continuous Assembly of Nanosheets Toward Ultrathin Layered Nanocomposite Films.

Assembling 2D nanosheets into layered nanocomposite films has attracted enormous interest due to their various promising applications in energy conversion, flexible electronics, and wastewater treatment. However, achieving efficient and convenient assembly of nanosheets for specific functions remains challenging. In this work, a microfluidic laminar flow-based strategy is proposed for the efficient alignment of 2D nanosheets into ultrathin, high-strength layered nanocomposite films.

Comparative studies on enzymatic changes and structure of lipases under ultrasound.

Unlabelled: The influences of ultrasound pretreatment on the catalytic activity, enzymatic properties and structure of two commercial lipases, Novozym51032 (lipase N) and Palatase20000L (lipase P), were studied by comparing the lipase kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of lipase and protein structure analysis. The experimental results showed that lipase N showed enhanced activity, while lipase P showed reduced activity under identical ultrasound conditions. Furthermore, the of lipase N increased and the free energy (Δ) decreased, whereas lipase P showed the opposite change.

Structural characterization of pure xylan from corncob and its effect on xylooligosaccharides yield after enzymatic hydrolysis.

The structure of xylan plays a significant role in the degradation rate by xylanase to product xylooligosaccharides (XOS). In this study, xylan was extracted and purified from corncob, yielding two xylan fractions (WUAX-2, WUAX-3) with purities exceeding 90 %. The structures of WUAX-2 and WUAX-3 were characterized and hydrolysis efficiency was studied in relation to their structures.

Renewable, All-Natural Flute Membrane with Excellent Mechanical Properties for Osmotic Energy Harvesting.

Ion-selective membranes serve as key materials for reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology in osmotic energy harvesting, and the search for a class of membranes that are economical, highly robust, and sustainable has been a relentless goal for researchers. In this work, all-natural biomass membranes (reed membranes) are often used as a flute diaphragm, which makes the flute produce a brighter and crisper sound, presenting high strength and elasticity. Ultrathin natural reed membranes (thickness of ≈4.

Cocrystal@protein-anchoring nanococktail for combinatorially treating multidrug-resistant cancer.

Multidrug resistance (MDR), the major mechanism by which various cancers develop specific resistance to therapeutic agents, has set up enormous obstacles to many forms of tumor chemotherapy. Traditional cocktail therapy administration, based on the combination of multiple drugs for anti-MDR chemotherapy, often suffers from inconsistent pharmacokinetic behaviors that cannot act synchronously on the lesions, leading to limited pharmacodynamic outcomes. Despite the emergence of nanomedicines, which has improved chemotherapeutic drugs' bioavailability and therapeutic effect on clinical application, these monotherapy-based nano-formulations still show poor progression in overcoming MDR.

Spray-Coated Ultrathin and Porous Films for Physiological Sensing and Force Detection.

Epidermal electronics employed on human skin for the long term require good breathability and nonforeign wearing. In this work, we combine phase separation and spray coating to fabricate a porous and ultrathin electrode within minutes as well as micrometer-scale porous pressure sensors. The resulting electrodes show a water vapor transmission rate of 18.

Theoretical and numerical investigations of the floor failure characteristics affected by coal mining near complex fault structures.

Water inrush from underlying aquifers under the synergistic action of complex faults and mining activities seriously threatens the mining of coal seams in North China. The failure characteristics of the coal seam floor under complex fault conditions are the keys to understanding the water inrush mechanism during mining. To investigate floor failure characteristics and water inrush mechanisms influenced by complex fault structures, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation were carried out.

Mechanically robust ultrathin nanofibrous films by using microfluidic-based continuous printing.

Ultrathin nanofibrous films with unique properties, such as controlled thickness, structures, and excellent mechanical robustness, play a vital role in flexible wearable devices, electronic skin, and rechargeable batteries. However, nanofibrous films are always facing limitations in their mechanical properties, even though they are strong when used as textiles, mainly owing to their structural shortcomings by using conventional fabrication methods. Herein, we present the fabrication of free-standing ultrathin nanofibrous films with good mechanical properties by using a microfluidic-based continuous printing strategy.

Intercropping changed the soil microbial community composition but no significant effect on alpha diversity.

Introduction: Enhancing the planning of the forest-agricultural composite model and increasing the efficiency with which forest land is utilized could benefit from a thorough understanding of the impacts of intercropping between forests and agriculture on soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities.

Methods: × cv. and intercrop soils, along with their corresponding monocrops, were used in this study's llumina high-throughput sequencing analysis to determine the composition and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities.

Durable anti-fog micro-nano structures fabricated by laser ablation of aluminum film on resin/glass.

This study presents a technique for processing transparent glass and resin substrates using a low-cost laser marker to create a micro-nano-structured surface with exceptional anti-fog properties. The approach involved depositing an aluminum (Al) film on the transparent substrates as an absorbing layer, followed by rapid laser marker ablation. This ablation process effectively removed the majority of the Al film, resulting in the formation of hierarchical hillock-hollow micro-structures and the dispersion of Al-based nano-particles throughout the surface.

Impacts of litter microbial community on litter decomposition in the absence of soil microorganisms.

Unlabelled: What is the effect of phyllosphere microorganisms on litter decomposition in the absence of colonization by soil microorganisms? Here, we simulated the litter standing decomposition stage in the field to study the differences in the composition and structure of the phyllosphere microbial community after the mixed decomposition of × and var. litter. After 15 months of mixed decomposition, we discovered that litters that were not in contact with soil had an antagonistic effect (the actual decomposition rate was 18.

Screening, Identification, and Fermentation Condition Optimization of a High-Yield 3-Methylthiopropanol Yeast and Its Aroma-Producing Characteristics.

A high-yield 3-methylthiopropanol (3-Met) yeast Y1402 was obtained from sesame-flavored Daqu, and it was identified as . Y1402 showed a broad range of growth temperatures and pH, as well as the maximum tolerance to glucose, NaCl, nicotine, and 3-Met at 50% (/), 15% (/), 1.2 g/L, and 18 g/L, respectively.

Superaerophilic/Superaerophobic NiFe-LDHs Electrode for Enhancing Overall Water Splitting in Alkaline Media.

Overall water splitting, as a critical approach to producing green hydrogen, is greatly impeded by the mass transfer of gaseous bubbles and dissolved gas molecules. Herein, a bifunctional superaerophilic/superaerophobic (SAL/SAB) NiFe layered-double-hydroxides (LDHs) electrode has been developed, which can drive H and O bubbles out of the reaction system by asymmetric Laplace pressure and accelerate dissolved gases diffusion through reducing their diffusion distance. Consequently, the SAL/SAB NiFe-LDHs electrode exhibits excellent HER activity with an overpotential of -76 mV at -10 mA cm and outstanding oxygen evolution reaction activity with an overpotential of 253 mV at 100 mA cm.

The Identification of a Strain for the Biological Purification of Soy Molasses to Produce Functional Soy Oligosaccharides and Optimize Purification Conditions.

Soy molasses is rich in oligosaccharides like sucrose, stachyose, and raffinose, with stachyose and raffinose being functional oligosaccharides. Harnessing soy molasses for the production of functional soy oligosaccharides (FSO) can significantly elevate its value. Biological purification, a method leveraging the selective utilization of different carbon sources by microorganisms, allows for the specific removal of sucrose from soy molasses while preserving stachyose and raffinose, thereby increasing the FSO content.

Insight into the fracture energy dissipation mechanism in elastomer composites sacrificial bonds and fillers.

Most tough elastomer composites are reinforced by introducing sacrificial structures and fillers. Understanding the contribution of fillers and sacrificial bonds in elastomer composites to the energy dissipation is critical for the design of high-toughness materials. However, the energy dissipation mechanism in elastomer composites remains elusive.

Co-delivery of indomethacin and uricase as a new strategy for inflammatory diseases associated with high uric acid.

Uric acid is the final metabolite in humans. High level of uric acid chronically induces urate deposition, aggravates kidney damage, and concomitantly causes an increase in inflammatory factors. Alleviating acute inflammation and decreasing uric acid levels are the key points in the treatment of inflammatory diseases associated with high uric acid.

Preparation and Improvement of Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Dietary Fiber from Corn Cob Fermented by .

Corn cobs were fermented with to produce soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of high quality and excellent food safety. In this work, the fermentation process was optimized by single-factor test and response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal fermentation conditions were determined to be a material-liquid ratio of 1:30, an inoculum concentration of 11%, a temperature of 32°C, a time of 6 days, and a shaking speed of 200 r/min.

High Strength MXene/PBONF Heterogeneous Membrane with Excellent Ion Selectivity for Efficient Osmotic Energy Conversion.

Layered MXene nanofluidic membranes still face the problems of low mechanical property, poor ion selectivity, and low output power density. In this work, we successfully constructed heterostructured membranes with the combination of the layered channels of the MXene layer on the top and the nanoscale poly(-phenylene-benzodioxazole) nanofiber (PBONF) layer on the bottom through a stepwise filtration method. The as-prepared MXene/PBONF-50 heterogeneous membrane exhibits high mechanical properties (strength of 221.

A Simplified Method for the Preparation of Highly Conductive and Flexible Silk Nanofibrils/MXene Membrane.

Silk nanofibers (SNF) have great applications in high-performance functional nanocomposites due to their excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and degradability. However, the preparation of SNF by traditional methods often requires the use of some environmentally harmful or toxic reagents, limiting its application in green chemistry. In this paper, we successfully prepared SNF using natural silk as raw material and solvent stripping technology by adjusting the solvent concentration and solution ratio (the diameter of about 120 nm).