Tryptamine-Functionalized Lipid Nanocarriers Co-delivering SMO/BRD4 Inhibitors for Synergistic Medulloblastoma Therapy.

The management of medulloblastoma (MB) remains a significant challenge, primarily attributed to the presence of cancer stem cells and the inadequate delivery of therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier. GLI, as a regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway in normal cerebellum development, also exerts pivotal functions in MB initiation, progression, and metastasis and maintains the stemness of MB stem cells. In this study, we devised a combined therapeutic approach by integrating the BRD4 inhibitor JQ1 with the SMO inhibitor saikosaponin B1 (SSB1) to inhibit MB via regulation of GLI activation.

Engineered cyclodextrin-protein domain interface modulation and application in nanoscale delivery systems development for therapeutic proteins.

With the development of molecular biology and pharmacology, proteins have been considered essential therapeutic agents that directly or indirectly participate in disease treatment. However, protein-based formulations face significant drawbacks, including low storage stability, rapid metabolism in vivo, and limited organ-selective delivery. Moreover, the internal protein also participated in drug transportation and cellular endocytosis.

Recent Advance on Metal Carbides Reinforced Laser Cladding Coatings.

The laser cladding technique can be adapted to fabricate composite coatings on the surface of the metal substrate, which not only effectively improves the surface properties of materials, but also greatly expands their application range. Metal carbides exhibit extremely high hardness, melting point, and outstanding chemical stability. The hardness of carbides is much higher than that of general metal materials.

Fatigue Life Prediction of 2024-T3 Clad Al Alloy Based on an Improved SWT Equation and Machine Learning.

The multi-parameter and nonlinear characteristics of the Smith Watson Topper (SWT) equation present considerable challenges for predicting the fatigue life of 2024-T3 clad Al alloy. To overcome these challenges, a novel model integrating traditional fatigue analysis methods with machine learning algorithms is introduced. An improved SWT fatigue life prediction equation is developed by incorporating key factors such as the mean stress effect, stress concentration factor, and surface roughness coefficient.

Fatigue Life Prediction of 2024-T3 Al Alloy by Integrating Particle Swarm Optimization-Extreme Gradient Boosting and Physical Model.

The multi-parameter characteristics of the physical model pose a challenge to the fatigue life prediction of 2024-T3 aluminum (Al) alloy. In response to this issue, a parameter-solving method that integrates particle swarm optimization (PSO) with extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) is proposed in this study. The fatigue performance and failure mechanism of the 2024-T3 Al alloy are analyzed.

Contrastive Prototype-Guided Generation for Generalized Zero-Shot Learning.

Generalized zero-shot learning (GZSL) aims to recognize both seen and unseen classes, while only samples from seen classes are available for training. The mainstream methods mitigate the lack of unseen training data by simulating the visual unseen samples. However, the sample generator is actually learned with just seen-class samples, and semantic descriptions of unseen classes are just provided to the pre-trained sample generator for unseen data generation, therefore, the generator would have bias towards seen categories, and the unseen generation quality, including both precision and diversity, is still the main learning challenge.

Research on the comparison of impact resistance characteristics between energy absorption and conventional hydraulic columns in fluid-solid coupling.

Rock burst disaster affects underground mining safety. The energy-absorbing hydraulic support for preventing tunnel impact has been implemented in rock burst mines. In order to compare the impact resistance characteristics of conventional columns and energy-absorbing columns, based on the derivation of energy theory, the CEL fluid-solid coupling simulation algorithm is used to simulate the process of static load 1000 kN superimposed impact load 1500 kN on φ180 mm type conventional column and energy-absorbing column.

The effect of smartphone addiction on the relationship between psychological stress reaction and bedtime procrastination in young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Previous studies on bedtime procrastination mainly focused on the influencing factors of stress and draw less attention on the role of family environment.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the effect of psychological stress reaction on bedtime procrastination in young adults, with considering the mediating effect of smartphone addiction, and the moderating effect of family cohesion during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A sample of 1217 young adults completed psychological stress reaction scale, Smartphone addiction tendency scale for young adults, bedtime procrastination scale and family cohesion scale.

White matter changes in young and middle-aged males with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Tract-based spatial statistics analysis.

The supraspinal mechanism plays a key role in developing and maintaining chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). However, it is not clear how white matter changes in young and middle-aged males with CP/CPPS. In this cross-sectional study, 23 CP/CPPS patients and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited.

Radiation-sensitive genetic prognostic model identifies individuals at risk for radiation resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The advantages of radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) depend on the radiation sensitivity of the patient. Here, we established and verified radiological factor-related gene signature and built a prognostic risk model to predict whether radiotherapy would be beneficial.

Methods: Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, Gene Expression Omnibus, and RadAtlas databases were subjected to LASSO regression, univariate COX regression, and multivariate COX regression analyses to integrate genomic and clinical information from patients with HNSCC.

The map of bone metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A real-world study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the metastatic patterns of synchronous bone metastasis (SBM) and metachronous bone metastasis (MBM) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: This study included bone metastases in NPC patients from 2005 to 2016 in a Chinese hospital. Cohort 1 was collected from 2005 to 2010 for discovery, and Cohort 2 from 2011 to 2016 for validation.

Regional shape alteration of left thalamus associated with late chronotype in young adults.

Chronotype reflects individual differences in circadian rhythms and influences individual psychology and behavior. Previous studies found altered subcortical structures are closely related to individual chronotypes. However, these studies have been conducted mainly using voxel-based morphometry and traditional volume measurement methods with certain limitations.

Phase-controlled van der Waals growth of wafer-scale 2D MoTe layers for integrated high-sensitivity broadband infrared photodetection.

Being capable of sensing broadband infrared (IR) light is vitally important for wide-ranging applications from fundamental science to industrial purposes. Two-dimensional (2D) topological semimetals are being extensively explored for broadband IR detection due to their gapless electronic structure and the linear energy dispersion relation. However, the low charge separation efficiency, high noise level, and on-chip integration difficulty of these semimetals significantly hinder their further technological applications.

Cocaine use disorder is associated with widespread surface-based alterations of the basal ganglia.

Cocaine use is a major public health problem with significant negative consequences at the individual and societal levels. Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is closely associated with brain structure alterations, which are mainly analyzed using voxel-based morphometric and traditional volumetric methods with certain limitations. This study conducted vertex-wise shape analysis to examine the effects of cocaine use on surface-based alterations of the basal ganglia in CUD.

Powder Metallurgy Route to Ultrafine-Grained Refractory Metals.

Ultrafine-grained (UFG) refractory metals are promising materials for applications in aerospace, microelectronics, nuclear energy, and many others under extreme environments. Powder metallurgy (PM) allows to produce such materials with well-controlled chemistry and microstructure at multiple length scales and near-net shape manufacturing. However, sintering refractory metals to full density while maintaining a fine microstructure is still challenging due to the high sintering temperature and the difficulty to separate the kinetics of densification versus grain growth.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI perfusion parameters are imaging biomarkers for angiogenesis in lung cancer.

Background: Quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) may have the potential to reflect angiogenesis and proliferation of pulmonary neoplasms.

Purpose: To verify whether DCE-MRI can identify pulmonary neoplasm property and evaluate the correlation of DCE-MRI perfusion parameters with microvessel density (MVD) and Ki-67 in lung cancer.

Material And Methods: This study enrolled 65 patients with one pulmonary neoplasm who underwent computed tomography-guided percutaneous lung biopsy with pathological diagnosis (43 malignant, 22 benign; mean age = 59.

1H-MR spectroscopy in grading of cerebral glioma: A new view point, MRS image quality assessment.

Background: Noninvasive preoperative prediction of histological grading is essential for clinical management of cerebral glioma.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between the image quality assessment of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and accurate grading of glioma.

Materials And Methods: 98 glioma patients confirmed by pathology were retrospectively recruited in this single-center study.

Modulation effect of acupuncture treatment on chronic neck and shoulder pain in female patients: Evidence from periaqueductal gray-based functional connectivity.

Aims: Chronic neck and shoulder pain (CNSP) is a common neurological disorder, which females are more likely to suffer from. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) plays a key role in the descending modulation of pain. This study aimed to investigate altered PAG-based functional connectivity (FC) in female patients with CNSP related to healthy controls (HCs) and the effect of acupuncture for female patients with CNSP using PAG-based FC biomarkers.

A defect-induced broadband photodetector based on WS/pyramid Si 2D/3D mixed-dimensional heterojunction with a light confinement effect.

Broadband photodetection is of vital importance for both civil and technological applications. The widespread use of commercial photodiodes based on traditional semiconductors (e.g.

Association Between Future Orientation and Anxiety in University Students During COVID-19 Outbreak: The Chain Mediating Role of Optimization in Primary-Secondary Control and Resilience.

The unfamiliar and menacing epidemic has undoubtedly increased the anxiety of students. Therefore, the strategies to reduce anxiety are urgently required. The present study principally investigated a protective mechanism of future orientation in anxiety during the low-risk period of COVID-19 outbreak.

Nomogram model to predict pneumothorax after computed tomography-guided coaxial core needle lung biopsy.

Purpose: To develop a predictive model to determine risk factors of pneumothorax in patients undergoing the computed tomography (CT)-guided coaxial core needle lung biopsy (CCNB).

Methods: A total of 489 patients who underwent CCNBs with an 18-gauge coaxial core needle were retrospectively included. Patient characteristics, primary pulmonary disease, target lesion image characteristics and biopsy-related variables were evaluated as potential risk factors of pneumothorax which was determined on the chest X-ray and CT scans.

Twisted 1T TaS bilayers by lithiation exfoliation.

We report twisted 1T TaS2 bilayers synthesized by a lithiation exfoliation method. Atomic-scale observations reveal the existence of eight twist commensurate configurations from over 50 1T TaS2 bilayer samples in the twist angle range from 0° to 30° in which commensurate atomic configurations can be distinguished by scanning transmission electron microscopy. The limited number of twist angles, rather than random ones, indicates that there are energetically favorite twist angles in the naturally formed bilayers.

Ultra-low-dose CT-guided lung biopsy in clinic: radiation dose, accuracy, image quality, and complication rate.

Background: Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous lung biopsy is usually performed by helical scanning. However, there are no studies on radiation dose, diagnostic accuracy, image quality, and complications based on axial scan mode.

Purpose: To determine radiation dose, accuracy, image quality, and complication rate following an ultra-low-dose (ULD) protocol for CT-guided lung biopsy in clinic.

Subcortical Brain Abnormalities and Clinical Relevance in Patients With Hemifacial Spasm.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS), a rare neuromuscular movement disorder, is characterized by unilateral, irregular, and paroxysmal facial muscle contractions. To explore the central neural mechanisms of HFS, we conducted vertex-wise shape analyses to investigate volume and shape alterations of subcortical structures, which could help to better understand the abnormality in distinct subcortical regions and determine alternative biomarkers of HFS. Thirty patients with HFS and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls provided written informed consent.