Rice Heat Stress Response: Physiological Changes and Molecular Regulatory Network Research Progress.

Global climate change has markedly increased the frequency of heat stress events in rice, severely threatening both yield and grain quality and posing a substantial challenge to global food security. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance in rice is therefore essential to facilitate the breeding of thermotolerant cultivars. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of heat stress on rice agronomic traits across various developmental stages.

Compressed Cells Facilitate Adhesion Through Glycocalyx.

Exposed to mechanical confinement, mammalian cells can establish remarkable unspecific adhesion, which is independent of integrins. How cells facilitate such adhesion remains unclear. Here, it is investigated how mammalian cells exposed to compression initiate unspecific and integrin-mediated adhesion.

Organ-Preserving Complete Response to Sequential Induction Chemoimmunotherapy and Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Floor of the Mouth: A Case Report.

A 52-year-old male with T4aN0M0 floor of the mouth squamous cell carcinoma who refused surgery received sequential organ-preserving therapy: induction chemoimmunotherapy (3 cycles of tislelizumab 200 mg d1, docetaxel 75 mg/m d1, cisplatin 75 mg/m d1-3) followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cisplatin 100 mg/m q21d + radiotherapy 69.96 Gy/33f). Complete clinical response was achieved.

Assessment of retinal and choroidal structural and microvascular changes in early diabetic retinopathy using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Objective: It was to assess changes in structural parameters in early diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Materials And Methodologies: This study is a retrospective analysis that included patients with early DR admitted to the Affiliated Third Hospital of Nantong University from January 2024 to December 2024. The participants were divided into the non-DR group (NDR group) and the non-proliferative DR group (NPDR group, which included mild, moderate, and severe subgroups) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) technology.

Mammalian cells measure the extracellular matrix area and respond through switching the adhesion state.

Mammalian cells adjust integrin-mediated adhesion based on the composition and structure of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, how spatially confined ECM ligands regulate cell adhesion initiation remains unclear. Here, we investigate how cells adapt early adhesion to different ECM protein areas.

A novel paradigm in cleft lip education: integration of 3D-printed simulator and problem-based learning.

Purpose: The repair of cleft lip is a highly intricate and challenging surgical procedure in plastic surgery. Consequently, it is also a pivotal and difficult subject in clinical education. Problem-based learning (PBL) is a student-centered teaching methodology that facilitates students in solving complex, practical, or real-world problems collaboratively.

A Metric Learning-Based Improved Oriented R-CNN for Wildfire Detection in Power Transmission Corridors.

Wildfire detection in power transmission corridors is essential for providing timely warnings and ensuring the safe and stable operation of power lines. However, this task faces significant challenges due to the large number of smoke-like samples in the background, the complex and diverse target morphologies, and the difficulty of detecting small-scale smoke and flame objects. To address these issues, this paper proposed an improved Oriented R-CNN model enhanced with metric learning for wildfire detection in power transmission corridors.

The genetic spectrum features of 2261 Chinese children with epilepsy and intellectual disability.

Background: Epilepsy (EP) and intellectual disability (ID) are two highly correlated diseases that seriously impact neurodevelopment in children. Precision diagnosis of EP and ID remains challenging due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity, necessitating a profound understanding of disease characteristics.

Methods: We provide a clinical and genetic landscape of 2261 Chinese patients performed chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) or next-generation sequencing to uncover causal copy number variants (CNVs) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs).

Roles of Hypoxia and Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Related Genes in Predicting the Prognosis of Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunctions are key contributors to the progression of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). This study aimed to investigate the roles of hypoxia and mitochondrial energy metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (HMEMRDEGs) in the prognosis of LIHC.

Methods: HMEMRDEGs were identified from the LIHC cohort from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset by intersecting DEGs from TCGA-LIHC with hypoxia-related genes (HRGs) and mitochondrial energy metabolism-related genes (MEMRGs).

Molecular Features Accompanying Richter's Transformation in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a highly heterogeneous tumor. Although targeted therapies such as Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) inhibitors have significantly improved patient outcomes in CLL, the disease remains incurable. A critical aspect of CLL progression is its transformation from an indolent tumor to a high-grade malignancy, a process known as Richter's Transformation (RT) or Richter Syndrome.

STAM2-mediated fine-tuning of PD-L1 secretion via small extracellular vesicles in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The secretion of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) via small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) endows this immune checkpoint protein with diverse and systemic roles. This intercellular communication mediated by sEV PD-L1 not only fosters a pro-tumorigenic niche but also induces systematic immunosuppression. Revealing the intricate mechanisms underlying sEV PD-L1 secretion is essential for understanding tumor pathology and developing targeted therapies.

Gene therapy with covalently closed-end AAV vector for spinal muscular atrophy.

Covalently closed-end adeno-associated virus (cceAAV) vector is a new generation of self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV) vector that does not utilize a mutant inverted terminal repeat (ITR) for vector production. Importantly, packaged genomes of these cceAAV vectors are markedly more intact than traditional scAAVs, which typically contain a large fraction of incomplete genomes, including many that lost their self-complementary configuration. Here, we report the first in-human experience with a cceAAV vector.

The phenotypic and genetic spectrum of AKT3-related neurodevelopmental condition.

This study was undertaken to expand the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of AKT3-related neurodevelopmental disorders and to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations. To date, more than 200 patients with AKT3-related disorders have been identified, including those with AKT3 single nucleotide variants and copy number variations affecting the AKT3 gene. Adding our three newly diagnosed patients, the total number of patients with AKT3 single nucleotide variant-related neurodevelopmental disorders is now 61.

PCBP2-dependent secretion of miRNAs via extracellular vesicles contributes to the EGFR-driven angiogenesis.

The EGFR-driven angiogenesis is crucial in solid tumors, particularly through the delivery of biomolecules via extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the mechanism by which EGFR regulates EV cargo is still unclear. First, cell co-culture and murine tumor models were employed to examine the impact of EGFR overexpression on the pro-angiogenic properties of small EVs (sEVs) derived from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Small RNA sequencing was then used to compare the miRNA profiles of OSCC-sEVs with and without EGFR overexpression, followed by functional enrichment and motif analyses of the differentially expressed miRNAs.

Multi-omics analysis and experiments uncover the function of cancer stemness in ovarian cancer and establish a machine learning-based model for predicting immunotherapy responses.

Background: The heterogeneity of cancer makes it challenging to predict its response to immunotherapy, highlighting the need to find reliable biomarkers for assessment. The sophisticated role of cancer stemness in mediating resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is still inadequately comprehended.

Methods: Genome-scale CRISPR screening of RNA sequencing data from Project Achilles was utilized to pinpoint crucial genes unique to Ovarian Cancer (OV).

Lower toxicity of HFPO-DA compared to its predecessor PFOA to the earthworm Eisenia fetida: Evidence from oxidative stress and transcriptomic analysis.

Hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), an emerging perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) that is replacing traditional PFASs, has a wide range of industrial applications and has been detected globally in the environment. However, it remains unclear whether HFPO-DA, is genuinely less toxic than perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in terms of soil environmental hazards. Therefore, this study aimed to compare differences in toxicity between PFOA and its substitute, HFPO-DA, in a common species of earthworm, Eisenia fetida.

Comparison of the combined toxicity of PFOA and emerging alternatives: A comprehensive evaluation of oxidative damage, apoptosis and immunotoxicity in embryonic and adult zebrafish.

Perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) are widely used substitutes to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Whether these substitutes are less toxic than PFOA remains unclear owing to differences in the experimental methods, test organisms, and other experimental conditions in previous studies. The present study selected 0.

Multi-omics decipher the immune microenvironment and unveil therapeutic strategies for postoperative ovarian cancer patients.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a highly aggressive and often fatal disease that frequently goes undetected until it has already metastasized. The classic treatment for OC involves surgery followed by chemotherapy. However, despite the effectiveness of surgery, relapse is still a common occurrence.

Impact of Intraoperative Nanocarbon Staining and parathyroid autotransplantation on parathyroid injury and recovery in adult thyroidectomy: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Thyroid surgeries are intricate operations that carry the risk of damaging the parathyroid glands, which can result in hypocalcemia and potential long-term hypoparathyroidism. Innovative surgical techniques including Intraoperative Nanocarbon Staining (INS), aim to enhance the preservation of parathyroid glands. This study assesses the effectiveness of INS combined with parathyroid autotransplantation in reducing postoperative complications and preserving parathyroid function.

TSG101 overexpression enhances metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma through cell cycle regulation.

The tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) was firstly identified as a tumor-inhibiting factor in 1996. Subsequent studies gradually revealed its crucial role in several important cellular processes, including cell survival, vesicle transportation, viral infection, etc. Additionally, TSG101 has been identified as an oncoprotein in certain tumorigenic processes.

Negative effects of polyvinyl chloride microplastics and the plasticizer DnOP on earthworms: Co-exposure enhances oxidative stress and immune system damage in earthworms.

Polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) are the most used plastics in agriculture. Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), a commonly used plasticizer in PVC-MPs, may be released from plastic and coexist with PVC-MPs. The effects of DnOP alone and coexisting with PVC-MPs are not known.

[Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 33 caused by gene mutation: a case report].

A boy, aged 7 months, presented with severe global developmental delay (GDD), refractory epilepsy, hypotonia, nystagmus, ocular hypertelorism, a broad nasal bridge, everted upper lip, a high palatal arch, and cryptorchidism. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous missense mutation of c.364G>A(p.