Optimization of biocatalytic production of sodium gluconate using a dual-enzyme system.

Sodium gluconate has a wide range of applications, including in the fields of construction, textiles, medicine, the chemical industry, and food, so the industrialized production of sodium gluconate is particularly important. However, the preparation process of sodium gluconate is not mature enough, and the production cost is high, which restricts the development of the industry. In this study, the optimization of process conditions for the catalytic production of sodium gluconate from glucose via a dual-enzyme system of glucose oxidase (GOD) and catalase (CAT) was investigated in detail.

Negative pressure-controlled microneedle-microfluidic hybrid chip for painless in situ detection of ovalbumin-sIgE in skin interstitial fluid.

Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a gold marker for the diagnosis of food allergy. The existing traditional diagnostic methods not only require blood collection and separation by professionals, but also are not friendly to pain-sensitive patients such as infants. Skin interstitial fluid (ISF) is highly similar to serum components, but its clinical value in the diagnosis of food allergy as an excellent sample for in situ painless detection is still unclear.

Balancing wine stability with color and phenolic quality: insights into the impact of fining agents and tartrate stabilization methods.

Achieving stability in wine without compromising its quality remains a significant challenge. This study evaluated the efficacy of industrially applied fining and tartrate stabilization techniques, focusing on their impact on wine stability, color, and phenolic composition. Inorganic fining agents demonstrated effective clarification but substantially altered the wine's phenolic profile.

Ball-milling-mediated remote asymmetric reductive coupling in air.

Dicarbofunctionalization reactions of unsaturated systems radical relay strategies are crucial for the efficient synthesis of complex molecules. Mechanochemical synthesis offers a compelling alternative to traditional solvent-based methods, providing advantages such as straightforward operation, shorter reaction times, minimal solvent use, and simplified workup. Although racemic two- and three-component solid-state cross-coupling reactions have seen significant advancements, the development of their catalytic asymmetric counterparts remains notably limited.

Epidemiology and genetic diversity of common human coronaviruses in Beijing, 2015-2023: A prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To investigate the epidemiological and genetic features of common human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in Beijing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We collected clinical samples from patients with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in 35 sentinel hospitals from 2015 to 2023. HCoVs were detected via multiple real-time PCR, and S gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were subsequently performed.

Genomic evolution reshapes cell-type diversification in the amniote brain.

Over 320 million years of evolution, amniotes have developed complex brains and cognition through largely unexplored genetic and gene expression mechanisms. We created a comprehensive single-cell atlas of over 1.3 million cells from the telencephalon and cerebellum of turtles, zebra finches, pigeons, mice, and macaques, employing single-cell resolution spatial transcriptomics to validate gene expression patterns across species.

Ultra-sensitive detection of Cu in water and infant formula using a carbon dot-embedded MIL-53 electrochemiluminescence sensor.

This study synthesises a novel N-CQDs@MIL-53 composite via a hydro-thermal method for fabricating an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor to detect Cu ions. The sensor delivers remarkable performance in detecting Cu ions, achieving a broad detection range from 5 × 10 to 1 × 10 mol/L and a remarkable limit of detection of 1.44 × 10 mol/L.

[Source Apportionment and Ecological Risk of Soil Heavy Metals in Typical Vanadium-titanium Magnetite Mining Areas Affected by Intensive Transportation Activities in Chengde].

A total of 895 surface soil samples （0-20 cm） and five road-dust samples were collected in a typical vanadium-titanium magnetite mining area of Hongqi-Damiao catchment in the Chengde City and analyzed for 12 heavy metals （Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Hg, V, Ti, Mn, As, and Co） and their chemical speciation. The accumulation and ecological risk characteristics of soil heavy metals （HMs） were clarified by geological accumulative index, potential ecological risk index （RI）, risk assessment coding （RAC）, and modified Nemerow integrated ecological risk index （mNIER）. Multiple statistical methods including principal component analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, redundancy analysis, and GIS spatial analysis were used to investigate the spatial variation response of soil HMs to the environmental impact factors （distance to the road network, land use, and soil parent material types）.

The China National GeneBank Sequence Archive (CNSA) 2024 update.

The China National GeneBank Sequence Archive (CNSA) is an open and freely accessible curated data repository built for archiving, sharing, and reutilizing of multiomics data. The remarkable advancement in sequencing technologies has triggered a paradigm shift in life science research. However, it also poses tremendous challenges for the research community in data management and reusability.

Pre-enrichment-free electrochemical detection of lead ions using functionalized tungsten oxide: Integration of surface functionalization and redox cycling mechanisms.

Methods for electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions have garnered widespread attention due to their high sensitivity, ease of operation, low cost, and suitability for on-site detection. However, these methods typically require a pre-enrichment step to improve the detection limit and sensitivity, which increases operational complexity and introduces potential errors. In this study, tungsten oxide electrodes with various functional groups were prepared by electrodeposition and high-temperature annealing, utilizing the amphoteric properties of l-alanine.

Microbial ecosystems and ecological driving forces in the deepest ocean sediments.

Systematic exploration of the hadal zone, Earth's deepest oceanic realm, has historically faced technical limitations. Here, we collected 1,648 sediment samples at 6-11 km in the Mariana Trench, Yap Trench, and Philippine Basin for the Mariana Trench Environment and Ecology Research (MEER) project. Metagenomic and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing generated the 92-Tbp MEER dataset, comprising 7,564 species (89.

Investigating genotype-phenotype correlation of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R8: association of clinical severity, protein biological function and protein oligomerization.

Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy R8 (LGMD R8) is a hereditary muscle disease caused by biallelic defects in E3 ubiquitinated ligase gene (TRIM32). LGMD R8 is featured by high genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic diversity, most pathogenic variants are missense variants located in the NHL domain, but the genotype-phenotype correlation remains unclear. We hypothesized that various missense variants in NHL domain might have different degrees of impact on the structure and function of the protein, thus resulting in disease variability.

Self-Assembled DNA/SG-I Nanoflower: Versatile Photocatalytic Biosensors for Disease-Related Markers.

DNA nanostructures have recently attracted more attention with functionalities, programmability, and biocompatibility. Herein, a novel self-assembled photocatalytic DNA/SYBR Green I (SG-I) nanoflower (DSNF) was successfully synthesized by rolling circle amplification. DSNF was self-assembled through liquid crystallization of a high concentration of DNA in the RCA products, without relying on the Watson-Crick base-pairing principle.

A large-scale integrated transcriptomic atlas for soybean organ development.

Soybean is one of the most important crops globally, and its production must be significantly increased to meet increasing demand. Elucidating the genetic regulatory networks underlying soybean organ development is essential for breeding elite and resilient varieties to ensure increased soybean production under climate change. An integrated transcriptomic atlas that leverages multiple types of transcriptomics data can facilitate the characterization of temporal-spatial expression patterns of most organ development-related genes and thereby help us to understand organ developmental processes.

Geometric Accuracy and Dimensional Precision in 3D Printing-Based Gear Manufacturing: A Study on Interchangeability and Forming Precision.

This paper investigates the geometric interchangeability and dimensional precision of parts fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), with a focus on gear manufacturing. By employing a substrate and two spur gears as test components, critical process parameters, including layer thickness, extrusion speed, and print temperature, were optimized to achieve enhanced accuracy. Geometric and dimensional tolerances such as straightness, roundness, and surface roughness were systematically evaluated using advanced metrological techniques.

Loss-of-function SLC25A20 variant causes carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency by reducing SLC25A20 protein stability.

Background/aim: Autosomal-recessive carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency (CACTD) is a rare disorder of long-chain fatty acid oxidation caused by variants in the SLC25A20 gene, leading to energy deficiency and the toxic accumulation of long-chain acylcarnitines. Under fasting conditions, most newborns with severe CACTD experience sudden cardiac arrest and hypotonia, often leading to premature death due to rapid disease progression. The genetic factors and pathogenic mechanisms in CACTD are essential for its diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Analysis of Immunosuppression and Antioxidant Damage in Diploid and Triploid Crucian Carp () Induced by Saline-Alkaline Environmental Stress: From Metabolomic Insight.

The salinization of the water environment worldwide is increasing, which has brought great challenges to the sustainability of fish farming of aquatic animals. Three NaHCO concentration groups (0 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L, and 60 mmol/L) were set up in this study to investigate growth and metabolic differences between diploid and triploid crucian carp under saline-alkaline stresses. This study utilized UPLC-QTOF/MS metabolomics to analyze significant metabolites and metabolic pathways in the serum of diploid and triploid crucian carp, exposing them to different NaHCO concentrations in saline-alkaline habitats, elucidating the mechanism of their metabolic differences.

High Diversity in Genotypes of Human Rhinovirus Contributes to High Prevalence in Beijing, 2018-2022: A Retrospective Multiple-Center Epidemiological Study.

Objective: To comprehensively examine the molecular epidemiological characteristics of human rhinovirus (HRV) in Beijing.

Methods: A total of 7,151 children and adults with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) were recruited from 35 sentinel hospitals in Beijing between 2018 and 2022. Their respiratory samples were obtained, and epidemiological and clinical data were collected.

A facile colorimetric sensor for ketoprofen detection in milk: Integrating molecularly imprinted polymers with Cu-doped FeO nanozymes.

A facile and efficient detection method is required to address the potential health risks of ketoprofen (KP) in animal-derived foods. Herein, we integrated molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with Cu-doped FeO nanozymes (FeO-Cu) to develop a selective colorimetric sensor for KP detection. Chitosan and glutaraldehyde were used as functional monomers and cross-linkers to fabricate proposed the MIPs@FeO-Cu.

SNPscan Combined With CNVplex as a High-Performance Diagnostic Method for Thalassemia.

Objective: Thalassemia is a Mendelian-inherited blood disorder with severe consequences, including disability and mortality, making it a significant public health concern. Therefore, there is an urgent need for precise diagnostic technologies. We introduce two innovative diagnostic techniques for thalassemia, SNPscan and CNVplex, designed to enhance molecular diagnostics of thalassemia.

Copper (II)-catalyzed polydopamine mediated photothermal sensors for visual quantitative point-of-care testing.

Background: Temperature sensing is commonly used in point-of-care (POC) detection technologies, yet the portability and convenience of use are frequently compromised by the complexity of thermosensitive processes and signal transduction. Especially, multi-step target recognition reactions and temperature measurement in the reaction vessel present challenges in terms of stability and integration of detection devices. To further combine photothermal reaction and signal readout in one assay, these two processes enable to be integrated into miniaturized microfluidic chips, thereby facilitating photothermal sensing and achieving a simple visual temperature sensing as POC detection.